C1-Psychodynamic Approach-Assumptions

Question 1

What is reaction formation as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind?(1)

Answer 1

-hiding real feelings by acting in the opposite way

Question 2

How does the assumption of childhood experiences apply to relationship formation?(2)

Answer 2

• using the idea of fixation to explain the nature of relationship in adulthood eg over indulgence during oral stage could result in an unhealth dependency on others later in life
• during phallic stage the superego, conscience and ego ideal are developing eg possible that fixation at this stage will result in an adult who is not capable of loving another person and entering a couple

Question 3

What are the assumptions ?(3)

Answer 3

• influence of childhood experiences
• tripartite personality
• the unconscious mind

Question 4

What is stage 5 of Freuds stage of psychosexual development in the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 4

• genital stage (puberty onwards)
• sexual contact with people
• effects of fixation: ———

Question 5

What is stage 4 of Freuds stage of psychosexual development in the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 5

• latent stage (5/6-puberty)
• sexual interests suppresed
• effects of fixation: ——

Question 6

What is stage 3 of Freuds stage of psychosexual development in the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 6

• phallic stage (3-5/6 years)
• sexual interestes: touching penis or oedius complex
• effects of fixation: difficulty feeling closeness: men fear caustration and female envy penis

Question 7

What is stage 2 of Freuds stage of psychosexual development in the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 7

• anal stage (1-3 years)
• sexual interests: expelling feces and retaining
• effects of fixation: orderliness or sloppiness

Question 8

What is stage 1 of Freuds stage of psychosexual development in the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 8

• oral stage (birth-1 year)
• sucking, swallowing and biting
• effects of fixation: lasting concerns with dependence and independence

Question 9

What is regression as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind assumption?(1)

Answer 9

-repressing back to earlier childhood behaviour

Question 10

What is projection as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind assumption?(1)

Answer 10

-attributing your own unacceptable desires and impulses onto someone else

Question 11

What is displacement as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind assumption?(1)

Answer 11

-redirecting unacceptable desires and impulses on to a relatively safe target

Question 12

What is denial as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind assumption?(1)

Answer 12

-extreme form of self protection where a person refuses to accept that a certain event has occured

Question 13

What is the unconscious mind assumption?(2)

Answer 13

• ego defence mechanisms

- constant conflict between id, ego, and superego produces anxiety and it has defence mechanisms to manage this anxiety

Question 14

What is the ego in tripartite personality assumption?(4)

Answer 14

• toddler years
• develop to mediate between the unrealistic id and the external world
• operates according to reality principle; to work out realistic ways of satisfying id desires
• conscious mind

Question 15

What is the superego in tripartite personality assumption?(2)

Answer 15

• 3-6years
• two systems: conscience and the ideal self. Conscience can punish ego through guilt and ideal self is an imaginary picture of how you should be and represents career

Question 16

What is the influence of childhood experiences assumption?(3)

Answer 16

• experiences during childhood shape our adult personality- Freud
• he proposed that psychological development in childhood takes place in psychosexual stages and each stage is associated with a different part of the body (represents the fixation of sexual drives of instincts on different areas of the body)
• fixation at any stage can occur through frustration (where a stage hasnt been resolved as needs havent been met) or overindulgence (needs of the child have been more than satisfied and child feels too comfortable to move on)

Question 17

What is the tripartite personality assumption ?(3)

Answer 17

• Freud believed that our adult personality is structured into three parts that develop at different stages in our lives and they need to be balanced for good mental health and normal behaviour
• your id develops first and must be controlled. The ego and superego develop in order to mediate demands of the id
• id- pleasure, ego-reality, superego-morality

Question 18

What is the id in the tripartite personality assumption?(3)

Answer 18

• primitive and instinctive component of our personalities
• consists of all inherited components of our personalities present at birth including sex (life) instinct and aggresive (death) instinct
• unconscious mind

Question 19

What are the ego defence mechanisms in the unconscious mind assumption?(6)

Answer 19

• repression
• denial
• displacement
• projection
• regression
• reaction formation

Question 20

What is repression as an ego defence mechanism in the unconscious mind assumption?(1)

Answer 20

-ego refuses to allow impulses from the id to enter into conscious awareness. It does this protect itself from traumatic experiences or painful experiences in childhood