C100 Humanities Master 2021 01 Flashcards
(361 cards)
1
Q
Epistomology is the study of _____________.
A
Knowledge and thinking
2
Q
Life like stance of a man putting weight on one foot
A
Contropoposto
3
Q
The classical values that influenced the Renaissance are ________.
A
humanism, reason, rationalism, scientific expansion, and balance
4
Q
Christian Humanists blended ideas from Christianity with classical ideas about the value of human beings. True or False?
A
True- The Christian Humanists of the Renaissance blended ideas from Christianity and the Classical Period to argue for the fundamental importance of the individual.
5
Q
Science enhanced transatlantic travel through enhanced ship design, standardized navigational charts, and improved instruments. True or False?
A
TRUE
6
Q
The European maritime exploration that took place during the 15th, 16th, and early 17th centuries is referred to as the ___________.
A
Age of Exploration
7
Q
Art of the Protestant Reformation stressed which of the following aspects or qualities?
A
Simplicity and piety
8
Q
Acoording to Professor Kelly, the development of the printing press is believed to have NOT contributed to the Reformation. True or False
A
FALSE
9
Q
classical humanism
A
emphasized the worth, dignity, and rationality of man.
10
Q
Niccolò Machiavelli
A
The Princeis a treatise on how to govern. Written in straightforward Italian (and not formal Latin), it was first published in 1532 but had circulated in manuscript previously. The book has become quite controversial because of the basic theme suggesting that leaders can use whatever means necessary to achieve their ends.
11
Q
Niccolò Machiavelli wroteThe Prince, a treatise on _________.
A
how to govern
12
Q
Which of the following statements best illustrates Renaissance humanism’s stress on engagement with the world?
A
“The whole glory of man lies in activity.”
13
Q
Baldassare Castiglione
A
The Courtier
14
Q
The Courtier
A
Castiglione presents the reader with a group of elegant attendants to the court of Duke Urbino who compete with each other to describe the perfect courtier. The competition takes place over the course of four days and debates the nature of men and women, love, nobility, humor, and all the ways in which a courtier is expected to embody these qualities.
15
Q
The Courtier
A
Individualism and Self-Fashioning
16
Q
The Prince
A
Humanism, Individualism, and Self-Fashioning
17
Q
Niccolò Machiavelli presented the darker side of human possibility through his treatiseThe Prince. True or False?
A
TRUE
18
Q
InThe Courtier, Baldassare Castiglione examined the process of fashioning one’s sense of self according to a set of socially acceptable standards. True or False?
A
TRUE
19
Q
Literature in the Renaissance experimented with a wide range of styles that reflected an emphasis on the individual’s psychological complexity.
A
TRUE
20
Q
William Shakespeare
A
Hamletchronicles a young prince as he agonizes over his duty as a son and his moral obligation to his life. Prior to the events of the play, Prince Hamlet’s uncle Claudius had murdered the King, seized the Danish throne, and married Hamlet’s mother. During the play’s action, Hamlet must decide whether to murder Claudius or commit suicide.
21
Q
Christopher Marlowe
A
Doctor Faustusis the tale of a scholar who finds himself dissatisfied with the boundaries of academic pursuits. He decides to learn magic and sells his soul to Lucifer in exchange for 24 years of service from Mephistopheles, a devil. Despite many moments of unease, Faustus chooses not to repent and instead squanders his power on cheap tricks and fame, much at the expense of the people he meets. At the end of the 24 years, he becomes scared of his fate but still refuses to repent, and he is dragged away to hell. The tragedy comments on religion, salvation, and repentance; however, it is unclear whether the work supports or criticizes the Protestant influence of the time.
22
Q
Renaissance theater differed from medieval theater in that…
A
Actors were largely professional
23
Q
Renaissance playwrights borrowed which structure from Classical drama?
A
five acts
24
Q
During the Renaissance, the roles of female characters in Shakespeare’s plays were played by ________.
A
young boys
25
In addition to being a playwright, Shakespeare was also?
a poet and actor
26
Chiaroscuro
to create the illusion of depth through gradations of light and shade.
27
What helped Renaissance artists develop perspective?
the use of mathematics and optics
28
RENAISSANCE Which medium of art was particularly popular during the period
oil paints
29
Which of the following is considered to be one of Michelangelo's masterpieces?
the statue of David
30
Dürer's participation in the Protestant Reformation influenced his art in which way?
focusing his art on the private relationship between humans and God
31
Someone who has multiple talents in various disciplines is known as a(n) _________.
Renaissance man
32
The madrigal used religious content matched with a polyphonic melody. True or False?
false. The lyrics to the madrigal were secular rather than religious in nature.
33
Renaissance music departed from the music of the Middle Ages by having a less religious focus. True or False?
TRUE
34
"As Vesta was Descending" is an example of a madrigal because it praises the Queen. True or False?
false. "As Vesta was Descending" is an example of a madrigal in that it uses word painting throughout, and the notes ascend or descend depending on the literal textual meaning.
35
Improvements in trade and in communication contributed to cultural exchange during the Renaissance Period. True or False?
Improvements in both trade and communication helped the artists and thinkers of the Renaissance to share their ideas with other cultures while also receiving inspiration from works from around the world.
36
Luxury glass and ceramics that emerged in Italy in the 15th and 16th centuries had their origins in
The Italian glass and ceramics prized by European courts and other collectors originated in the Middle East
37
What made someone the "ideal Renaissance person"?
He or she could speak several languages and had lived in a variety of places.
38
Early Renaissance humanists believe that a general education in the Humanities would benefit the community in which of the following ways
General education in the Humanities would create better citizens.
39
Today we might call someone a Renaissance man or woman if we mean that he or she __________.
knows a lot about many different subjects and is capable of excelling at them
40
heresy
A challenge to or rejection of the orthodox doctrine of a religion or church.
41
maritime
Connected to the sea or seafaring
42
Renaissance Man
A term describing an individual with broad knowledge and versatile talents spanning many intellectual and artistic disciplines.
43
iconoclasm
The deliberate destruction of religious art, imagery, icons, and other symbols or monuments.
44
allegory
A work of art which represents some abstract quality or idea, often religious or political, by means of symbolic representation
45
dialect
A form of language which is particular to a group of people, such as those belonging to a region or social class
46
Silk Road
An overland route from Constantinople to Beijing used in the trade of silks and spices between Europe and the Far East; it was eventually blocked by the Ottoman Empire and travel by sea became more popular.
47
self-fashioning
The process of fashioning one's individual sense of self and public persona according to a set of socially acceptable standards.
48
In Praise of Folly
A satirical essay written by Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536) in which he criticizes the abuses and corruption of Catholic doctrine in parts of the Catholic Church.
49
linear perspective
The creation of the illusion of depth based on the fact that parallel lines or edges appear to converge, and objects appear smaller as the distance between them and a viewer increases.
50
Martin Luther
German theologian who initiated the Protestant Reformation; argued that salvation is granted on the basis of faith rather than deeds or works.
51
epistemology
The study of thinking.
52
Prose
Language that flows naturally as opposed to language that conforms to the beat of a rhythm such as in poetry.
53
rationalism
A point of view that emphasizes the role of reason, over the senses, in gaining knowledge.
54
balance
The achievement of putting different areas of the body in dynamic tension with one another.
55
The Prince
A political treatise written by Niccolò Machiavelli (1467-1527) in which he claims that the ends justify the means and that those with political power should use whatever advantage they have to keep it and control the populace
56
truth
The accurate and genuine reality of the world; that which is indisputably factual.
57
soliloquy
Speech by character in a drama expressing his or her inmost thoughts, heard by the audience but not by any other character.
58
blank verse
Poetry written in a metered fashion, typically iambic pentameter, but which does not rhyme
59
Renaissance
A period in Western history, from the 14th through the 16th centuries, marked by a revival of interest in the culture of Greco-Roman antiquity and a flourishing of artistic and intellectual achievement.
60
Protestant Reformation
A religious movement of the 16th century to reform the Roman Catholic Church that resulted in the creation of Protestant churches.
61
sonnet
A form of poem that commonly contains 14 lines
62
Reformation art
Art movement of the 16th century, largely in Northern Europe, that reflected religious views of Protestant Reformation
63
humanism
The study of the creative and intellectual contributions of all human cultures.
64
madrigal
A polyphonic vocal work, usually written for four or five voices, setting a pastoral poem to music, performed without instrumental accompaniment, and intended for secular use.
65
symmetry
The pleasing or harmonious proportionate arrangement of corresponding parts of an artwork.
66
papal infallibility
Roman Catholic doctrine that the Pope cannot err when he speaks about faith or morality because of divine guidance.
67
individualism
That which separates one unique person from another, as well as the social and philosophical viewpoint that celebrates that difference.
68
chiaroscuro
The creation of the illusion of depth through gradations of light and shade.
69
Age of Exploration
Time period between the early fifteenth to the early seventeenth centuries when Europeans sailed around the globe and transferred goods, food, plants, and people (in the form of slaves) transforming the countries they reached.
70
Which of the following individuals was NOT an Enlightenment philosopher?
Leonardo Bruni was a Renaissance philosopher. John Locke, Jean-Jacques Rousseau, and Denis Diderot were all Enlightenment philosophers.
71
The Age of Enlightenment was also called ________.
the Age of Reason
72
The classical movement in music falls between which two periods
The Baroque and Romantic Periods
73
The music of the Neoclassical Period differed from Baroque music in that ________.
it featured more variety in orchestral texture
74
Which one of the following statements about Neoclassical theater is true?
It featured intricate and elaborate costumes and sets.
75
Which of the following composers was a classical composer?
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart was a classical composer.
76
Neoclassicism perpetuated the lavish, ornate aesthetic of the Baroque Period. True or False?
This is a false statement. Neoclassicism rejected the ostentatious displays of Baroque works and embraced harmony and balance.
77
Of the following artists, who worked within the Neoclassical movement?
Angelica Kauffmann was one of the few prominent female Neoclassical artists.
78
Enlightenment thinking valued all of the following EXCEPT __________.
mysticism
79
Which of the following images is from the Neoclassical Period
The image is Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David from the Neoclassical Period
80
The Age of Enlightenment is also known as the Age of Expansion. True or False
The Age of Enlightenment is also known as the Age of Reason.
81
Who said, "The age we live in is a busy age, in which knowledge is rapidly advancing towards perfection"?
It was English philosopher Jeremy Bentham who said, "The age we live in is a busy age, in which knowledge is rapidly advancing towards perfection."
82
What was the goal of the Encyclopédie?
The Encyclopédie was a project started by French writers and thinkers to collect human knowledge in one place.
83
Rationalism
A point of view that emphasizes the role of reason over the senses in gaining knowledge.
84
Classicism
This theme was most evident in art, where aesthetic principles and themes had roots in Greco-Roman styles.
85
Deism
A religious philosophy that describes God as an architect or cosmic clockmaker who created the world according to scientific laws and principles and does not directly interfere in the functioning of the natural world.
86
Empiricism
Francis Bacon, the father of the scientific method, was an important influence on the Enlightenment because he believed, in accordance with this theme, that ideas should be based on testing and experience.
87
Order
This worldview of the Enlightenment thinkers was a belief in a comprehensible world under the direction of a Christian God who used natural laws to exert divine will.
88
Skepticism
This theme comes from the Greek philosophical school of thought that maintained human knowledge is limited and uncertain.
89
What position would an Enlightenment philosopher take on the following quote by Saint Augustine? "Faith is to believe what you do not see; the reward of this faith is to see what you believe."
Enlightenment thinkers believed in using reason and logic to deduce truths about the world. Trusting without evidence, as the quote suggests a person do, conflicts with those Enlightenment principles.
90
Enlightenment thinkers valued order and therefore believed that a state should strictly control its citizens. True or false?
This statement is false. Enligtenment thinkers believed that natural world, despite being created by God, was ordered and therefore could be studied and understood by human beings.
91
What is empiricism?
or the theory that all knowledge comes from the direct experience of the senses, is the foundation of the modern scientific method, in which observation and experimentation lead to ideas and theories.
92
Which of the following beliefs would a deist likely hold?
Deists did believe in God as a creator of the universe and that God created the laws which govern the universe. However, they did not believe that God interfered in the natural world or daily lives of people, nor did they believe in miraculous events.
93
Given the values of the Enlightenment, which description below would you image best matches a "neoclassical" garden?
landscaping that is attractive but made to look,Neoclassical aesthetics focused on realism. natural
94
Enlightenment thinkers were willing to challenge authority in all arenas of life. True or False?
Challenges to received wisdom resulted in rapid scientific advancement, and skepticism of organized religion allowed for the development of new moral systems. Political reform and revolutions followed the questioning of the monarch's previously established "divine right" to rule.
95
Nature was treated with suspicion during the Enlightenment. True or False?
he suspicion of authority and reliance on human reason made nature a newly important realm. Scientists came to believe that they could best study God's work through the observation and analysis of nature.
96
Deists embraced religious authority from priests and kings. True or False?
Deists opposed both religious and political authority, both priests and kings, because they believed that each individual needed to be equally free to work out his or her own destiny.
97
Deists do not believe in divine intervention and therefore do not pray. True or False?
The deist God is a grand designer and creator, but he or she is not a close personal friend or consoler. Therefore, deists believe that prayer, ritual, and ceremony are not logical and have no value.
98
Denis Diderot
Worked with Jean le Rond d'Alembert to create the Encyclopédie.
99
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Believed that a person is at his or her best in wholly natural environments and is corrupted by the environments of societ
100
John Locke
Published Two Treatises of Government, which paved the way for modern forms of democracy.
101
Mary Wollstonecraft
Argued that women were capable of rationality and advocated for the advancement and education of women.
102
For Locke and the empiricists, moral behavior is based on ___________.
Pleasure (good) and pain (evil). We decide morality by our senses.
103
Which did Rousseau believe was an example of a barbaric practice justified by an over-rationalizing society?
Rousseau believed that the self is corrupted by more developed societies, which have lost the primal touch of prioritizing liberty; thus, they allow slavery.
104
According to Wollstonecraft, Rousseau's idea that girls naturally prefer dressing, dolls, and talking is...
Wollstonecraft argued that girls learn these behaviors from watching their female relatives in their restricted lives.
105
Why was the novel an appropriate medium for conveying the theme of sympathy?
The novel was longer, which allowed for more emotional complexity. The novel's length allowed for the development of complex characters and plots, evoking sympathy from readers as they became more and more invested.
106
How does the novel Candide reflect period themes
The novel attacks a number of different social and religious actions and institutions. Voltaire's satire is asking readers to look candidly at evil.
107
Female actors performed in Neoclassical productions. True or False?
The use of female actors in Neoclassical plays was a new convention in England, while women had acted in other European countries in previous periods.
108
Neoclassical productions featured actors speaking naturally and wearing simple, realistic costumes. True or False?
This statement is false. Actors in Neoclassical productions spoke highly stylized language while wearing elaborate costumes.
109
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Neoclassical play Tartuffe?
Tartuffe is a critique of false religious piety.
110
Name the creator of the following Neoclassical work of art:
This is Jacques-Louis David's Oath of the Horatii.
111
Neoclassical Period art depicted scenes of civic virtue. True or False?
True: Neoclassical Period artists celebrated civic virtue and morality.
112
What type of painting was Angelica Kauffmann known for?
Kauffmann because a famous and popular portrait painter
113
Which of the following structures is NOT an example of Neoclassical architecture?
St. Paul's Cathedral in London is an example of architecture from the Baroque Period NOT an example of Neoclassical.
114
According to Dr. Paula Carabell, what elements found in the painting Oath of the Horatii indicate that it is representative of the Neoclassical Period?
Neoclassicism pulled from Roman art and architecture is represented in the Roman arches of the painting. In addition, the anguished figures of the women reflect the notion that they are destined to lose their husbands, brothers, or sons to battle, as there was a prevailing notion that allegiance to country was more important than allegiance to family.
115
According to Dr. Paula Carabell, the painting The Death of Marat likens Marat to which historical figure?
The Death of Marat, a posture that, at the time, was well-known to represent Christ.
116
What is unusual about the work Eine kleine Nachtmusik?
One of the mysteries surrounding Mozart's Eine kleine Nachtmusik is the fifth movement is lost.
117
Which of the following life stressors may have influenced the mood and tone of Mozart's Symphony No. 40 in G minor?
Mozart's wife's ill health put a serious strain on him and, coupled with a decline in popularity and his father's death, may have contributed to the dischordant, frantic tone of the piece.
118
If the musical notation staccato instructs the bassoons and flutes in The Clock Symphony to set a tone similar to the "tick-tock" of Big Ben, we can infer that staccato means...
The term staccato indicates that the notes should be short and separated, like the ticking of a clock.
119
Mozart's Le Nozze De Figaro is a(n) _________________.
Opera
120
Classical music is more focused on polyphony and ornamentation than music from the Baroque Period. True or False?
False. Classical music is more focused on balance, order, and structural clarity than the music from the Baroque Period. It features a more homophonic texture, which elevated shorter, more lyrical melodies over slower, more chordal harmonic progressions.
121
Enlightenment
The abolitionist movement in North America began during the Enlightenment. Some of the earliest outspoken critics of slavery were Enlightenment philosophers, authors, and artists. Enlightened thinkers embraced reason and individualized thought, causing many of them to reject the tradition of slavery.
122
Added to the landscape of Enlightenment
Slave narratives and slave songs
123
slave narratives, slave songs—or spirituals
emerged during the period. These songs usually contained a Christian message and were originally monophonic* and performed a cappella*. Spirituals were heavily influenced by African music and some of the songs, called "shouts," featured dancing, hand clapping, and foot tapping. Spirituals, like the field holler*, made use of call and response
124
ENLIGHTENMENT PURSUIT OF REASON AND SCIENTIFIC KNOWLEDGE
CULTURAL EXCHANGE AND DIVERISTY WERE KEY ASPECTS.
125
ENLIGHTENMENT THINKING
EMPHASIZED THE ROLE THAT INDIVIUAL THOUGHT COULD PLAY IN CROSSING ALL RACIAL AND RELIGIOUS LINES
126
Which statement summarizes a trend of the Enlightenment?
The mixing of many cultures brought new information, which allowed thinkers and philosophers to evaluate more than one voice before making a personal opinion; hence, higher thought was encouraged during the Enlightenment.
127
What philosophy was widely popular during the Enlightenment?
Enlightenment thinkers, fueled by a new diversity of knowledge, believed that individual thought both challenged existing traditions and would transcend socio-political, racial, and religious boundaries.
128
Which of the following is true of spirituals, or slave songs?
Spirituals were usually performed a cappella, or without instrumental accompaniment.
129
Counterpoint
The simplest form of harmony features at least two melodic lines (referred to as voices or parts) of equal value played against one another.
130
Satire
Genre in which human or individual weaknesses or shortcomings are shown by means of ridicule, derision, irony, or other methods, often with the intent to expose or correct.
131
Opera
A fully-produced, multi-sectional work for the theater whose text (or libretto) is primarily sung by soloists and a chorus, and which is accompanied by instruments, usually a large orchestra.
132
Neoclassicism
Art movement of 18th century that drew on Greek and Roman art for models of harmony, idealized realism, and reason.
133
Chiaroscuro
The creation of the illusion of depth through gradations of light and shade.
134
Order
Natural laws that Enlightenment thinkers believed should guide the structure of civilized life.
135
Fortepiano
An early form of the piano originating in the 18th and early 19th centuries and having a smaller range and softer timbre than a modern piano
136
Individualism
Individualism is that which separates one unique person from another, as well as the social and philosophical viewpoint that celebrates that difference.
137
Empiricism
Philosophical doctrine that says all knowledge is derived from our senses.
138
Rationalism
A point of view that emphasizes the role of reason, over the senses, in gaining knowledge.
139
Enlightenment
The period in Western history spanning the 17th and 18th centuries, during which a notable shift toward rational thinking and advancement occurred in science, philosophy, society, and politics.
140
Philosophes
A term used to refer to French Enlightenment philosophers
141
Progress
The steady march of advancements made in certain intellectual areas that allow the human race to develop and grow.
142
Monophonic
Music that contains only a single part.
143
Skepticism
Greek philosophical school that maintained human knowledge was limited and uncertain, and probability of correct morality was enough for acting in a moral fashion. Skepticism also refers to a general attitude of questioning and doubting assertions, and maintaining that the accumulation of evidence is of fundamental importance.
144
Deism
The belief that God created the natural laws that govern nature but does not directly intervene or interfere in any way.
145
Doctrine
The body of beliefs, principles, and values in a knowledge or belief system such as religion.
146
Which of the following statements would a Deist philosopher during the Enlightenment subscribe to?
A Deist would believe that God created the universe, but that he does not interfere with the order he created.
147
Which of the following philosophical approaches relies on direct observation and experimentation?
Empiricism uses direct observation and experimentation to obtain knowledge.
148
Which of the following statements is true of Classical music?
Classical music was produced in the Enlightenment Period, coinciding with the Neoclassical movement in the visual arts. It emphasized lyrical melodies over more homophonic texture.
149
How did slave narratives, such as The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano, affect cultural exchange and diversity within the Enlightenment period?
Social progress was aided through realistic depictions of the living conditions of slaves. Cultural exchange and diversity were aided by first-hand accounts of becoming enslaved, the experience of slavery, and seeking freedom.
150
How does the Neoclassical Period influence contemporary culture?
Contemporary political satire, including shows like The Daily Show, traces its roots to the use of political satire in the Neoclassical Period.
151
Which of the following are major themes of the Enlightenment?
Enlightenment thinkers were often Deists, those who believed in a more distant, impersonal god. They also believed in empiricism, learning through observation and experimentation, and in the order of the universe.
152
Why is Voltaire's novel Candide a significant work from the Enlightenment?
Voltaire was famous for writing witty satires of the social and political practices of his day. Candide features a philosopher who, despite terrible misfortunes, continues to believe this is the best of all possible worlds.
153
Why is Jacques-Louis David's painting The Death of Marat typical of the Neoclassical style?
David is considered one of the preeminent Neoclassical painters and his paintings have sharp colors and chiaroscuro (the contrast of light and dark to create depth) and c. the human figures in his paintings appear sculptural in nature
154
How did the rise of capitalism affect cultural exchange in the Enlightenment?
The rise of capitalism helped to increase the exchange of information, allowing intellectuals to form new opinions rather than relying on the bias of tradition.
155
Why did many Enlightenment thinkers reject slavery?
They embraced the dignity of individual human reason and thought, regardless of racial background.
156
Which of the following are characteristic uses of political satire?
Satire both criticizes a practice or person and entertains the audience.
157
How do themes of the Enlightenment contrast with themes of the Renaissance Period?
The Enlightenment valued the order and clarity of classical art, while the Renaissance Period focused on the classical ideas of humanism. The Enlightenment embraced Deism's understanding of God as a grand architect, while the Renaissance Period explored Catholic and Protestant teachings.
158
Which one of the following works was written by Mary Shelley?
Frankenstein
159
Which figure from Greek mythology featured in Romantic works is a symbol of freedom and rebellion?
Romantic artists and writers saw Prometheus as a symbol of freedom because he was willing to challenge the established order of the gods.
160
Romantic architecture in England revived the ______ movement.
Romantic architecture began the Gothic Revival movement in England. The movement featured homes with Gothic veneers and churches and public buildings built as Gothic structures
161
Which of the following statements regarding Romantic opera is true?
Romantic operas embraced themes of heroism and nationalism.
162
________ literature evoked horror and often featured sinister, ambitious, and self-serving heroes.
Gothic literature emphasized the flawed nature of man and his potential for destruction rather than progress, often evoking horror through setting, narrative, and character.
163
________ refers to the glorification of distant, foreign cultures and people.
Exoticism was an artistic trend in the 19th century that glorified and borrowed from distant, foreign cultures, often misrepresenting those cultures.
164
Which of the following signaled the shift from agriculture-based economy to one centered around industrialization, mechanized labor, and urbanization?
Industrial Revolution
165
Which of the following is a unique trait of the Romantic hero?
Romantic heroes are sometimes misunderstood as they follow their personal passion.
166
________ is an example of a profound event in the Romantic Period that had an impact on a country's national identity.
The French Revolution is an example of a profound event during the Romantic Period that had an impact on France's national identity.
167
Which of the following figures is an English Romantic poet?
Percy Bysshe Shelley is considered one of the founding figures of the British Romantic movement. His poems include "Ode to the West Wind" (1819), which highlights the power of nature, and "Ozymandias" (1817), which details the perspective of an Egyptian King.
168
Romantic painters sometimes addressed political matters in their work. True or False?
Eugène Delacroix's Liberty Leading the People expressed openly his support for republican causes.
169
The Hudson River School in America focused on the overwhelming features of nature, thereby dwarfing the human figure. True or False?
Romantic artists often focused on the power of nature, celebrating the limitations of human reason and control.
170
Exoticism
Many writers used this theme to transport readers to a location which they may never have heard of, let alone visited
171
Heroism
The embodiment of this theme was fashioned after Lord Byron. His qualities are listed as: exceptional, misunderstood, and gifted loner, who was driven by passion.
172
Individualism
The figure that embodied this theme was the imaginative genius.
173
Nationalism
A variant of patriotism, this theme was a consequence of the Romantic obsession with the figures of creative folk genius.
174
Nature
Many of the Romantic writers found wisdom and solace in nature and strove to convey this theme to their readers.
175
Passion
This theme inspired Romantic writers to favor strong sentiments of affection, sorrow, and romantic longing over the rational and logical.
176
Revolution
Romantic philosophers showed their support for this through their calls for action against tyranny, oppressive social and cultural conditions, and for the equal rights for all people.
177
Colonialism had which of the following effects during the Romantic Period?
Exoticism celebrated the cultures and people Europeans were exploiting through colonialism.
178
Which of the following traits best describes the Byronic Hero of the Romantic Era?
The Byronic Hero of the Romantic Era was an exceptional and gifted loner, who was driven to follow personal passion rather than traditional societal expectations.
179
Which of the following refers to the dramatic growth of industrialization, mechanized labor, and urbanization during the 18th and 19th centuries.
The dramatic growth of industrialization, mechanized labor, and urbanization during the 18th and 19th centuries is referred to as the Industrial Revolution.
180
Why did Romantics embrace the Greek figure Prometheus?
Because political change was pervasive during this time period, many of the Romantics embraced Prometheus, a figure from Greek mythology who defied the gods to give fire to humanity. For Romantic artists and writers, Prometheus was a symbol of freedom and autonomy.
181
Idealism
The philosophical position that our knowledge of the world can only be grounded in our mental experiences
182
Nationalism
The philosophical position that states are legitimate if they reflect some natural unity of people based on commonalities like race, language, and culture
183
Transcendentalism
Characterized by a belief that people can become free and self-reliant by returning to nature
184
Romantic philosophers embraced scientific rationalization and empiricism."
This statement is false. Philosophers during the Romantic Period largely rejected the empiricist and rationalist beliefs of the Enlightenment.
185
A nationalist would find all of the following to be possible legitimate grounds for a state EXCEPT:
Nationalist philosophers argued that a state's legitimacy depends on some unity or cohesion among the people of that state
186
Which of the following statements would be endorsed by Romantic philosophers?
Romantic philosophers rejected the Enlightenment idea that empirical investigation is the key to knowledge acquisition. Philosophers like Emerson argued that some knowledge can be attained by the exercise of reflection, and reason and can be acquired prior to experience.
187
English Romanticism
The Prelude, "Ode on a Grecian Urn", "The Corsair
188
American Romanticism
Leaves of Grass, Moby Dick; or the White Whale
189
The Gothic
Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus, Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights
190
Slave Narratives
The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave, "Ain't I a Woman?", Incidents in the Life of a Slave Girl
191
Which of the following is NOT a Romantic literary theme
Romantics moved away from rationalism to embrace the imagination.
192
Gothic literature relies heavily on setting. True or False?
Setting is a significant aspect of Gothic literature. Gothic stories are often set in remote areas, castles, or older houses that literally and figuratively haunt their inhabitants.
193
The Byronic hero first appeared in ____________.
The Byronic hero first appeared in Byron's epic narrative poem "Childe Harold's Pilgrimage." During the Romantic Period, Byron and his works helped create the notion of the Byronic hero, a figure who embodied individualism, imagination, and rebellion.
194
Slave narratives used which of the following to make a statement about the plight of slaves in the United States?
Slave narratives used empathy, as well as sympathy and reason, to make a statement about the plight of slaves in the United States and to encourage abolitionist action.
195
What is the mood of "The Raven"?
The Raven is a manifestation of the speaker's despair and anxiety.
196
The Raven was made more profound by its unique rhyming scheme. True or False?
The rhyming scheme used by Poe was complicated and unique, and the fact that he continued the scheme throughout the poem is extremely impressive.
197
The themes of The Raven make it a consummately Neoclassical piece. True or False?
This is a false statement. The themes explored in The Raven include human helplessness against the forces of nature, the inevitability of death, and the tumultuous emotions of our own hearts, making it a consummately Gothic poem.
198
Name the creator of the following Romantic work of art.
This is Francisco de Goya's The Third of May 1808.
199
Name the creator of the following Romantic work of art.
This is The Wreck of Hope or the Sea of Ice by Caspar David Friedrich
200
Romantic artists focused on heroic subject matters. True or False?
Romantic artists depicted heroic subject matters through the use of intense colors and loose brush strokes.
201
Romantic architecture resembled the Neoclassical style. True or False?
This statement is false. Romantic architecture reacted against the clean Neoclassical style and embraced Gothic Revival.
202
Romantic music was less restrained and more expressive than the classical style of the early 18th century. True or False?
The more expressive style of Romantic music was inspired by heroic and nationalistic themes as well as an appreciation of nature. Symphonies performing Romantic music put on more emotional and large-scale productions than their classical predecessors did.
203
Opera did not emphasize the role of solos during the Romantic Period. True or False?
This is a false statement. Opera showcased elaborate solos during the Romantic Period.
204
Which of the following composers established German opera on a par with Italian opera?
Richard Wagner's monumental works established German opera on a par with Italian opera and realized the power of the German language in the operatic form
205
Wagner's "The Ride of the Valkyries" comes from the opera The Valkyries, which is part of a four-part opera cycle called _____________.
"The Ride of the Valkyries" comes from the opera The Valkyries, which is part of a four-part opera cycle called The Ring of the Nibelung.
206
Strauss' Also Sprach Zarathustra falls under which musical genre?
Also Sprach Zarathustra is one of Strauss' most famous tone poems.
207
Which of the following compositions is NOT representative of the Romantic Period?
Mozart's compositions are representative of classical music.
208
Beethoven's 9th Symphony is one of his most famous symphonies because it is only 20 minutes in length. True or False?
This is a false statement. The 9th Symphony is most famous because of its inclusion of voices in the final movement. It is sometimes called a choral symphony.
209
Beethoven wrote the text of the vocal line himself. True or False?
This is a false statement. The text of the vocal line in Beethoven's 9th Symphony is by German poet Friedrich Schiller. It celebrates the brotherhood of humanity.
210
Romantics began to shift their focus away from their home countries when seeking inspiration for their works
Europeans became fascinated with the "exotic" cultures of the Middle East, Asia, and North Africa. Improvements in transportation technology allowed for greater ease of travel, and prominent Romantic figures like Lord Byron traveled through the East in search of new worldly perspectives. While exoticism* certainly produced more diverse works during this time, it also emphasized the Eurocentric worldview that looked down upon Eastern cultures.
211
The Romantic Period themes of exoticism and nationalism were emphasized by the cultural exchange and diversity of the era. True or false?
Europeans in particular became fascinated with the "exotic" cultures of the Middle East, Asia, and Africa, and both European and American artists and musicians displayed their nationalism in their works.
212
In his painting Napoleon in the Pest House at Jaffa , Antoine Jean Gros portrays Napoleon as _________.
The answer is b. Antoine Jean Gros' painting portrayed Napoleon as a healer, even though in reality, Napoleon had ordered that the sick men in his troops be poisoned to avoid having to return to pick them up.
213
George Catlin raised awareness for the Native American culture by writing music that celebrated their history. True or False?
George Catlin was a painter who specialized in Native American portraiture.
214
In music, the term "chromaticism" refers to which of the following?
Chromaticism refers to the movement or displacement of notes by a half-step. Chromaticism can often result in a tune that sounds moody or emotional.
215
The 1975 song "All By Myself" was based on which of the following pieces from the Romantic era?
The 1975 song "All By Myself," written and recorded by Eric Carmen, was partly based on Sergei Rachmaninoff's Piano Concerto No. 2, Second Movement.
216
The Star-Spangled Banner" was adapted from a poem by William Wordsworth. True or False
This is a false statement. "The Star-Spangled Banner" was adapted from a poem by Francis Scott Key titled "Defence of Fort McHenry," which he wrote in 1814.
217
colonialism
The political, economic, and cultural domination by one country over another country or region.
218
Gothic Revival
Romantic-era architectural movement that employed Gothic forms.
219
Revolution
A fundamental, dramatic shift in organizational structure that occurs over a short period of time.
220
transcendentalism
Philosophical movement during the Romantic era that emphasized feeling over reason and the role of the individual finding an intuitive relation to the universe through solitude amid nature.
221
Industrial Revolution
The 19th century transition in many countries from an agrarian economy to one dominated by machine manufacturing.
222
Transcendentalist movement
Philosophical movement during the Romantic era that emphasized feeling over reason and the role of the individual finding an intuitive relation to the universe through solitude amid nature.
223
Gothic literature
A literary style popular during the Romantic era that emphasized the flawed nature of man and his potential for destruction rather than progress, often through monstrous heroes and/or sympathetic villains.
224
exoticism
An artistic trend that took place in Europe in the 19th century, which borrowed and glorified cultural aspects from non-Western civilizations.
225
chromaticism
The movement or displacement of notes by a half-step, as opposed to the tradition of whole-step movement in previous periods.
226
nationalism
A variant of patriotism characterized by intense loyalty to a particular nation and its defining values and features.
227
Romantic/Byronic hero
A stereotypical character of a Romantic novel; an exceptional and gifted loner, perhaps misunderstood, who was driven to follow personal passion rather than traditional societal expectations.
228
individualism
Individualism is that which separates one unique person from another, as well as the social and philosophical viewpoint that celebrates that difference.
229
egalitarianism
A belief in promoting social and political equality.
230
sublime
A quality of greatness or vastness that is beyond calculation, comparison, or imitation; often invoked with reference to nature.
231
idealism
Theory that reality is a mental construction or that the object of external perception consists of ideas.
232
passion
The evocation of strong, irrational emotion within an artistic or literary work.
233
slave narratives
Published accounts of American slaves who related the hardships and injustices of slavery.
234
Which of the following are themes of the Romantic period
Exoticism, Nationalism, Passion
235
Which of the following best describes the role of nature in the Romantic Period
Nature was seen as a source of inspiration, and Romantic artists sought to represent the majesty and wisdom of nature in their works. Nature was seen as emotionally evocative and sublime and was used as a source of artistic inspiration.
236
Which of the following best describes the Byronic hero?
The Byronic hero is an intense and passionate figure who often defies authority and rebels against social conformity.
237
Which sentence best describes Transcendentalism?
A rejection of Empiricism and an emphasis on nature as a source of inspiration.
238
How does the painting Saturn Devouring his Son (1819-1823) by Francisco de Goya exemplify the characteristics of Romantic art?
It draws upon myth to explore irrationality, superstition, and the dark side of artistic creativity.
239
Which of the following is true of architecture during the Romantic period
The architects of the Romantic Period embraced the Gothic Revival, a movement celebrating the religiosity of older Gothic buildings. The architects of the Romantic Period experimented with different building materials, such as iron, steel, and glass.
240
How does Chopin's Nocturne Opus 27, Number 1 display characteristics of Romantic period music?
The piece has drastic tempo changes and shifts in mood that evoke strong changes in emotion.
241
Which Romantic theme is reflected in the following excerpt from William Wordsworth's The Prelude?
Nature as a source of solace and inspiration
242
Which of the following is true of Beethoven's Symphony No. 9 in D minor, Op. 125?
It is longer and more dramatic than prior symphonies and utilizes many musicians, including vocalists.
243
What influenced cultural exchange and diversity in the Romantic period?
Exoticism in art and literature reflected the fascination Europeans had with non-Western cultures.
244
American composers of hymns and church music were inspired by which of the following during the Romantic period?
They looked abroad for inspiration, drawing from the works of the great Classical composers of Europe.
245
Which musical technique popular in the Romantic period is still used in contemporary music today?
Chromaticism is the movement or displacement of notes by a half-step, which results in music that sounds emotionally unsettled. This musical technique is still used in the present day.
246
Which American patriotic song had its roots in the Romantic period?
"Star-Spangled Banner"
247
How do the themes of the Romantic Period contrast with the themes of the Neoclassical Period?
The themes of the Romantic Period are influenced by revolution and nationalism whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period are influenced by advancements in science, philosophy, and politics. The themes of the Romantic Period reflect the importance of nature as a source of wisdom and beauty whereas the themes of the Neoclassical Period reflect a rational and scientific exploration of the nature.
248
Which of the following developments MOST contributed to the rise of Realist literature?
The Industrial Revolution
249
Which of the following movements lured immigrants and farmworkers to American cities in the second half of the 19th century?
Industrialism
250
Realism was a movement that took place about 50 years after Romanticism ended.
This statement is false. Realism overlapped with Romanticism chronologically, taking place during roughly the same period. It was simply a different aesthetic.
251
Which of the following informed Realism's depiction of nature?
Darwin's empirical proof of natural selection impacted Realists' view of nature.
252
________ is the philosophical view that the only reality that exists is the one that can be seen through the natural sciences.
Scientific materialism
253
Which of the following was developed during the 19th century and contributed to Realism's desire for accurate portrayal of reality?
Photography
254
Which of the following philosophies argues that ethical decisions must be made for the greater good?
Utilitarianism
255
Charles Dickens was a Realist author known for depicting the grimness of the Industrial Revolution in ________, his native country.
Charles Dickens was English, and his novels are well known for their bleak depiction of the Industrial Revolution's effect on England's economy and social classes.
256
One chief concern that Realist playwrights shared with Realist authors and artists was ________.
showing likeness to life
257
Which of the following musical styles was composer John Philip Sousa best known for?
John Philip Sousa, an American composer who served in the U.S. Marine Corps, wrote many military and patriotic parade marches.
258
Realism was a counter-reaction to feudalism. True or False?
This is a false statement. Realism was a late-19th century counter-reaction to Romanticism.
259
The German political thinker Karl Marx argued that the growing tension between the workers and the owners of factories could only lead to revolution. True or False?
Karl Marx argued that the growing tension between the workers—the proletariat—and the owners of factories—the bourgeoisie—could only lead to revolution.
260
Who wrote On the Origin of Species?
Charles Darwin published his groundbreaking book On the Origin of Species in 1859.
261
Realism
Age of Doubt
262
Age of Doubt
A period characterized by both optimism and anxiety. This sense of uncertainty showed an attitude of foreboding about the effects of modernization.
263
Darwinism
Realists were invested in this theme for its empirical proof of the origin of life; as such, they rejected Romantic idealism and embraced the view that nothing exists but the physical reality that can be seen through the natural sciences.
264
Individualism
Realists were fixated on portraying as much accurate detail as possible on a singular and personal level, believing that focusing on this theme would best showcase the hard reality they wanted to represent.
265
Industrialization
The shift away from agararian economy to one dominated by machine manufacturing exposed large gaps between wealthy and working classes, causing Realists to be deeply concerned about how this theme affected economy and social class.
266
Realists glorified the importance of nature and ignored the effects industrialism had on the natural world. True or False?
This statement is false. Realism grappled with the brutal consequences of industrialism on the natural world, the economy, and social classes.
267
Realism became popular around the same time photography was introduced as a new source of visual images. True or False?
The introduction of photography aided in the Realist mission to capture life accurately and objectively.
268
Most Realist art focused on which of the following subjects?
During the Realist Period, artists, writers, and thinkers grew increasingly preoccupied with recording physical forms and realistic details of ordinary people and places.
269
Rapid economic change and industrial growth had which of the following effects during the Realist Period?
Profound social, political, and economic change and rapid industrial growth polarized people and nations according to wealth, gender, class, and power.
270
Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species explains Social Darwinism.
This is a false statement. Social Darwinism was based on Darwin's evolutionary theories but distorted to explain human social order within society.
271
Utilitarian thinkers would argue that governments should intervene when private institutions fail to protect the interests of society. True or False?
Utilitarianism supports the free rights of individuals (or individual institutions) until they prove detrimental to society as a whole.
272
Marxists believe only a few people should own the means of production, and they should hire other people to work for them. True of False?
This is a false statement. Marx believed social unrest and revolution would inevitably follow from a system in which the means of production are owned by a few and where workers are not directly profiting from their labor. He suggested a system of co-operative ownership would eliminate this class conflict.
273
In The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, Huck decides to accept his society's views on slavery and betray his friend, Jim, to the authorities. True or False?
This is a false statement. Huck chooses to defy social norms and refuses to betray Jim.
274
In Realist fiction, character was not held to be as important as plot. True or False?
This is a false statement. In Realist fiction, character was considered to be at least as important as plot. This focus reflects the Realist spotlight on human behavior.
275
Urbanization provided Realist authors with an increasing source of subjects to write about. True or False?
As diverse groups of people came to live near and amongst one another as a result of urbanization, authors gained insight into the lives of varied subjects.
276
Realist plays tended to rely on soliloquies and asides to give the audience insight into what characters are thinking. True or False?
This is a false statement. Soliloquies were common in drama prior to the Realist Period. Realist plays used real everyday language, conversation, and cadence to reveal true feelings of characters.
277
The Realist art movement only occurred in France. True or False?
This is a false statement. Realism expanded beyond France due to rapid industrialization and urbanization.
278
Daguerreotypes were....
Louis-Jacques-Mandé Daguerre invented an early type of photographic process that became popular in the 1850s
279
Édouard Manet
The Luncheon on the Grass (Le déjeuner sur l'herbe)
280
Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel
The Eiffel Tower
281
Aubrey Beardsley
The Peacock Skirt
282
Henry Ossawa Tanner
The Thankful Poor
283
Paul Cézanne
The Basket of Apples
284
Rosa Bonheur
The Horse Fair
285
Which of the following works was inspired by the decorative art of the Art Nouveau age?
Aubrey Beardsley's The Peacock Skirt was inspired by the decorative art of the Art Nouveau age. This is one of Beardsley's best-known illustrations.
286
Japanese woodblock prints generally depicted which of the following
apanese woodblock prints, which contained flat, unmodulated colors, lines, and extensive use of empty space, depicted subject matter drawn from everyday urban life as well as landscapes.
287
Art Nouveau is a style that applies only to architecture, building design, and furniture at the end of the 19th century. True or False?
This is a false statement. Art Nouveau applied to paintings, lithographs, jewelry, and many other media, in addition to building design.
288
Mahler's symphonies were known for their reserved use of instruments and a subtle approach to creating a mood for the listener. True or False?
This is a false statement. Mahler's symphonies were forceful, with innovative layering of instrumentation and pendulum swings from one emotion to another.
289
Military marches were unique to American music in the late 19th century. True or False?
This is a false statement. Marches were common throughout Europe and other parts of the world and commonly incorporated in orchestral compositions.
290
John Philip Sousa wrote "Semper Fidelis" as a tribute to whom
. John Philip Sousa wrote "Semper Fidelis," a powerful precision march, as a tribute to Marine Officers.
291
Which of the following is a ballet by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky?
Sleeping Beauty is one of Tchaikovsky's most famous ballets.
292
The tone of "The Entertainer" reflects the tone of the era, created by the industrial culture and race relations. True or False?
his statement is false. It is believed that "The Entertainer" was intended to ease, entertain, and even distract people from the tension created by social and economic events during the era.
293
How did ragtime get its name?
Syncopated rhythm, or duple meter, was also called "ragged" rhythm. From this characteristic tempo, the name "ragtime" was born.
294
Why is "The Entertainer" a notable piece of American music?
The Entertainer" has come to represent not only ragtime as a genre of music but also the era in which it was composed. The style is uniquely American, and its composer, Scott Joplin, was one of the most famous ragtime composers of all time.
295
In particular, Impressionist, Post-Impressionist, and Art Nouveau artists looked to the art of Japan for inspiration.
By the late 19th century, artists across Europe were incorporating elements of the Japanese woodblock prints into their own creation
296
The sōsaku hanga movement shifted away from traditional collaborative printmaking, while the shin hanga movement refocused on it. True or False?
The sōsaku hanga movement shifted away from traditional collaborative printmaking, while the shin hanga movement refocused on it. Unlike shin hanga, in sōsaku hanga, the artist works alone through every step of the printmaking process.
297
What is true of the term "Ukiyo-e"
Ukiyo-e is the Japanese name for an artistic genre of woodblock prints.
298
Which of the following Western artistic genres were heavily influenced by Japanese art forms?
Realist artists, Impressionist artists (e.g. Monet, Degas, Cassatt), and Art Nouveau artists (Klimt, Toulouse-Lautrec) drew heavy inspiration from Japanese woodblock prints.
299
Japanese woodblock prints were primarily produced in the late 19th century. True or False?
While Western artists in the late 19th century were influenced by the Japanese art form, woodblock prints were popular with Japanese artists in the late 1600s and early 1700s.
300
Darwin's theories are less likely to be accepted in __________ circles.
Some religious communities do not accept Darwin's theories of evolution and natural selection.
301
Those who support the utilitarian view of maximizing a society's overall happiness consider environmental resources to be free for the taking. True or False?
This is a false statement. Those who support the utilitarian view of maximizing a society's overall happiness consider the selfish wastefulness of environmental resources to be a profoundly negative thing, not just for the quality of the earth but also for the way humanity functions.
302
Colonialism
The political, economic, and cultural domination by one country over another country or region.
303
Motifs
In music, a brief but recognizable recurring fragment of a melody.
304
Scientific Materialism
The belief that physical reality, as seen through the natural sciences, is all that truly exists.
305
Darwinism
The theory of evolution by natural selection developed by biologist Charles Darwin.
306
Exoticism
An artistic trend that took place in Europe in the 19th century, which borrowed and glorified cultural aspects from non-Western civilizations.
307
Symbolism
The use of a symbol, object, or image to represent something else (that is, a concept or idea).
308
Industrial Revolution
The 19th century transition in many countries from an agrarian economy to one dominated by machine manufacturing.
309
Industrialism
The emphasis on an industrialized economic system.
310
Art Nouveau
Art movement of the late 19th century - early 20th century that favored sinuous lines, curves, and organic motifs, such as plants and flowers.
311
Nationalism
A variant of patriotism characterized by intense loyalty to a particular nation and its defining values and features.
312
Natural Selection
The gradual process by which certain biological traits fade away or grow through the reproductive success or failure of the individuals that have that trait; a term coined by Charles Darwin to illustrate that certain traits are better suited for certain environments than others.
313
Post-Impressionism
Art movement of the late 19th century that while influenced by Impressionism emphasized a greater concern for expression, structure, form, and emotional response.
314
Impressionism
Art movement of the late 19th century that emphasized simplified composition and the effect of light and color to capture a painter's visual impression.
315
Urbanization
The movement of diverse populations into urban areas.
316
Idealism
Theory that reality is a mental construction or that the object of external perception consists of ideas.
317
Atonality
Describes music that is written in a way that avoids centering around a specific key.
318
Materialism
Philosophical position that all processes, phenomena, and objects/beings can be explained as manifestations or results of matter.
319
Social Darwinism
The theory that individuals, groups, and communities are subject to the same principle of natural selection as plants and animals.
320
Utilitarianism
The ethical approach that emphasizes pragmatic ethical decisions for the greater good.
321
Utopian
Describes an ideal community or society; often used to describe a society that does not exist in reality.
322
Imperialism
The policy of extending the rule of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies.
323
Which of the following themes were rejected by the Realist period?
The Sublime, Mysticism
324
French painter Gustave Courbet once said: "I have never seen angels. Show me an angel and I will paint one." Which philosophical approach from the Realist period does this quotation express?
Scientific Materialism
325
Which of the following was a major artistic innovation during the Realist period?
The invention of photography
326
Which of the following best describes Realist theater of the late 19th-century?
The plays attempted to accurately depict ordinary life, using everyday vocabulary and exploring moral problems that would be relevant to audience members of the time.
327
Which of the following best represents the beliefs and writings of 19th-century philosopher, John Stuart Mill?
Mill believed that governments should intervene only when necessary to ensure the greater good and that women should have access to education and be given the right to vote.
328
Which of the following Realist authors is best remembered for works that addressed social inequalities and the struggles of the working class in 19th century England?
Charles Dickens
329
Why is Henry Ossawa Tanner's painting, The Thankful Poor, a significant work of the Realist Period?
Tanner's painting is widely regarded as a classic portrayal of African American dignity, and it enables viewers to relate emotionally to the man and the boy.
330
Which of the following are true of composer Claude Debussy
Debussy experimented with unusual scale patterns, including scales from Eastern Asian music.
331
Which late 19th-century art movements were inspired by the ancient traditions of Japanese woodblock painting
Impressionism, Art Nouveau, Post-Impressionism
332
The following image of Van Gogh's Courtesan reflects what movement in the Realist Period?
Japonisme
333
Which of the following philosophies from the Realist period still influence political systems in the present day?
Marxism
334
In what ways is the Realist philosophy of Utilitarianism still relevant in present-day America?
The Utilitarian emphasis on the greatest good for the greatest number is reflected in many of our environmental policies, which work to safeguard our environment so as to protect our natural resources and ensure the overall health of society.
335
How do themes of the Realist Period differ from the themes of the Romantic Period?
Nature is viewed objectively in the Realist period, and the lived experience of individuals is explored in minute and candid detail in Realist art and literature. The Industrial Revolution is a driving economic force in the Romantic period, and the effects of industrialization continue to be a main concern in the Realist period. Moreover, the Realists rejected the Romantic preoccupation with the supernatural in favor of scientific materialism.
336
Those original models that help us understand our experience are called ________.
Archetypes are the original models by which we comprehend human experience
337
All myths are universal. True or False?
This is a false statement. Some myths are universal; others are unique to a given culture
338
Dance has historically been used only for entertainment purposes. True or False?
This statement is false. Dance has been part of public ceremony and rituals as well as entertainment since the earliest human civilizations.
339
Poetry, novels, plays and short stories are all major forms of literature. True or False?
iterature is the art form of the written word, including poetry, novels, plays and short stories.
340
The definition of art changes from culture to culture. True or False?
. Different cultures often have different aesthetic values and different definitions of art.
341
Humans only started to produce art during the 3rd and 4th centuries. True or False?
This is a false statement. Humans have produced art since the dawn of man.
342
Art can serve more than one function. True or False?
Art can serve multiple functions, such as providing aesthetic pleasure, offering political and social commentary, assisting in physical and emotional healing, creating historical artifacts from a specific time or place, and enabling commerce in advertising products and services.
343
The function of a single piece of art can change over time. True or False
The functions of a single piece of art can change over time as society changes (or expands) its interpretation of the work.
344
At their best, the Humanities lead us to consider more than just our own personal histories. True or False?
The Humanities allows us to gain a greater understanding of the events and struggles that preceded us and continually occur around us.
345
Modern music in America emerged as a new form, with only limited roots in older styles of music from England. True or False?
This statement is false. The roots of American gospel music originate in Africa, and English ballads provide inspiration for American folk and country music.
346
Some struggles that people face are universal—they have concerned people at different points throughout history. True or False?
Many of our current struggles resemble those faced by people and societies that have preceded us. Studies in the Humanities can provide for a better appreciation of both our current concerns and the concerns and actions of those that came before us.
347
Cultural exchange is something that began in the 20th century. True or False?
This is a false statement. Cultural exchange has occurred since at least the beginning of recorded history and continues to this day.
348
Humanism is solely a part of Western thinking.
This is a false statement. A humanist tradition also emerged in the nonwestern world, reflected in such Eastern religions as Confucianism and Buddhism.
349
Which of the following are true of the relationship between the humanities and technology?
"Throughout human history there have been many inventions that have come and gone--many discoveries--some more impactful than others. Three inventions that altered the way that we live, and the way that we go about our business, are the printing press, electricity, and the Internet."
350
Which of the following themes is found in multiple historical periods?
Individualism
351
How do we identify themes in a literary or artistic work?
Look for the unifying or main ideas
352
Which of the following is true of myths?
Myths are traditional stories of a people or culture that serve to explain some natural phenomenon, the origin of humanity, or customs or religious rites. Humans can pass on their visions, values, and memories from generation to generation through myths. These myths often offer practical and spiritual wisdom in addition to providing entertainment.
353
Which discipline of the Humanities is primarily concerned with critical inquiry and reasoned argument?
Philosophy
354
The Bayeux Tapestry's depiction of the Norman Conquest of England fulfills which purpose of art?
Art as political propaganda.
355
What are the Humanities?
The study of the how the human race understands and documents the human experience through creative contributions in art, music, literature, philosophy, religion, dance, etc
356
Which of the following are examples of universal themes
Love and the Hero
357
Why is E.O. Wilson's theory of consilience important to the study of the Humanities?
It reinforces interdisciplinary study and facilitates the exchange of information necessary to create a more holistic understanding of who we are.
358
How was Humanism reflected in the nonwestern world?
Ancient Chinese culture embraced principles in Confucianism and Buddhism that mirrored Humanist principles.
359
How does studying the Humanities increase cross-cultural communication
It helps us to interact with and understand a variety of people from different times and different places through their creative contributions.
360
How does studying the portrayal of love over time enhance one's understanding of humanity?
The study of love in all its forms (eros, agape, and platonic love) illustrates a distinction in types of love that has captured the attention of artists.
361
What is the difference between a myth and a monomyth?
Myths can include a wide variety of narratives and archetypes. The monomyth focuses on the hero's journey
