c1900-Present

Question 1

1905 Aliens Act

Answer 1

Only people with jobs or money could migrate to Britain.

Question 2

1948 British Nationality Act

Answer 2

People in British colonies and former colonies were given the right to enter Britain and stay.

Question 3

1962 Commonwealth Immigrants Act

Answer 3

Those with valuable skills or who could get a job where workers were needed were able to get permission to immigrate.

Question 4

1968 Commonwealth Immigrants Act

Answer 4

Applicants had to have been born in Britain or have parents or grandparents born there.

Question 5

1981 Nationality Act

Answer 5

The automatic right to stay in Britain was no longer possible for non-British citizens.

Question 6

Reasons for migration to Britain in 1900s

Answer 6

• Seeking safety from war - 160,000 Polish during WW2
• Encouragement to migrate - To help rebuild after the war
• Looking for work - Plenty of employement available
• Seeking safety from persecution - 8000 Jewish children: Kindertransport

Question 7

Oswald Moseley

Answer 7

British Union of Fascists

Question 8

Polish Resettling Act

Answer 8

Polish servicemen were allowed to remain in England.

Question 9

Belgian Migrants WW1

Answer 9

• Charities found homes and 60,000 Belgians worked in Britain
• Government made it clear they were expected to leave after the War

Question 10

German Migrants WW1

Answer 10

• Media fuelled anti-German feelings
• Called ‘Enemy Aliens’
• Male “enemy aliens” were judged based on their English

Question 11

Battle of Cable Street 1936

Answer 11

• People blamed Jews for unemployement and the British Union of Fascists planned a march through WhiteChapel
• 100,000 people from different ethnic backgrounds came to support the Jews.

Question 12

Enoch Powell

Answer 12

Made the ‘Rivers of Blood’ speech where he criticised immigration and called for immigrants to be sent back.

Question 13

Windrush Generation 1945-1960

Answer 13

• Moved to Brixton and Nottinghill
• Brixton market 1950 was developed by West Indians so they could buy foods used in their home countries.
• Met with lots of racism, violence and unwelcomed.

Question 14

Leicester’s Asian Community

Answer 14

• President Idi Amih threw out the Asian population out of Uganda.
• Migrants arrived from India, Bangladesh, Pakistan and later Kenya and Uganda
• By 1981 there were nearly 60,000 Asian people in Leicester.
• The National Front targeted this place.

Question 15

Asian impact on Leicester

Answer 15

• “The Golden Mine” lots of jewellery shops had been opened - Mela and Diwali began to be celebrated yearly
• By 2004 there were over 10,000 Asian owned businesses

Question 16

The National Front was founded in…

Answer 16

1967

Question 17

The Bristol Bus Boycott 1963

Answer 17

• 1955- Black and Asian people were banned from becoming bus drivers of conductors.
• 1962- West Indian Development Council was set up to combat racism and give advice.
• Guy Bailey was asked to apply for a job but he was denied when they learned he was a Caribbean immigrant
• 1963 WIDC called on the black community to boycott Bristol’s buses
• On August 1963 the company gave into pressure and scrapped the ban.

Question 18

Roy Hackett

Answer 18

• Born in Jamaica, helped form WIDC, organise Bristol Bus Boycott and St Paul’s Festivals.

Question 19

Princess Campbell

Answer 19

• Born in Jamaica and became Bristol’s first black ward sister. Set up United Housing Association to help black people find affordable housing.

Question 20

St Paul’s Carnival

Answer 20

Now a one-day carnival celebrating African-Caribbean culture. The first carnival was held in 1968 to bring together the residents and local activists.

Question 21

1965 Race Relations Act

Answer 21

Made racial discrimination unlawful in public places.

Question 22

1968 Race Relations Acts

Answer 22

Made racial housing and employement practices illegal.

Question 23

Migrant Impact on Politics and Government

Answer 23

• Led to the Rise of the National Front
• Increasing numbers of migrant politicians - Rishi Sunak
• Legislation that supports diversity and equality
• Murder of Stephen Lawrence in 1993
• Pressure groups such as BLM

Question 24

Migrant Impact on Built Environment

Answer 24

• Mosques and religious places of worship were opened - Rundown or damaged areas were regenerated by Migrants. - St Paul’s

Question 25

Migrant Impact on Culture

Answer 25

• Festivals like Diwali and Eid-al-Fitr are celebrated
• Some migrant areas such as Chinatown and the GOlden mine became tourist attractions and places to visit with food and music from other countries
• British sporting success - Mo Farah, Marcus Rushford

Question 26

Migrant Impact on Economy

Answer 26

• Migrants worked in factories and the NHS
• By 1971, 100,000 migrants were working in the textile industry
• By 1955, there were recruitement campaigns in 16 British colonies for the NHS