C2 Atoms, Ions, And Compounds

Question 1

What’s the relative mass of a proton

Answer 1

1

Question 2

What’s the relative mass of a neutron

Answer 2

1

Question 3

What’s the relative mass of a electron

Answer 3

1/1836 or 1/2000

Question 4

What’s the relative charge of a proton

Answer 4

1+

Question 5

What’s the relative charge of a neutron

Answer 5

0

Question 6

What’s the relative charge of a electron

Answer 6

1-

Question 7

Define isotope

Answer 7

Atoms of same element with same number of electrons and protons, but different numbers of neutrons and different masses

Question 8

What’s the mass number

Answer 8

Number of protons + number of neutrons

Question 9

What’s the atomic number

Answer 9

Number of protons

Question 10

What’s an ion

Answer 10

A charged atom

Question 11

Define relative isotopic mass

Answer 11

Mass of an isotope relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12

Question 12

Define relative atomic mass

Answer 12

Weighted mean mass of an atom of an element relative to 1/12th of the mass of an atom of C-12

Question 13

Ammonium ion

Answer 13

NH4+

Question 14

Hydroxide ion

Answer 14

OH-

Question 15

Nitrate ion

Answer 15

NO3-

Question 16

Nitrite ion

Answer 16

NO2-

Question 17

Hydrogen carbonate ion

Answer 17

HCO3-

Question 18

Manganate(VII)(permanganate) ion

Answer 18

MnO4-

Question 19

Carbonate ion

Answer 19

CO3^2-

Question 20

Sulfate ion

Answer 20

SO4^2-

Question 21

Sulfite ion

Answer 21

SO3^2-

Question 22

Dichromate(VI) ion

Answer 22

Cr2O7^2-

Question 23

Phosphate ion

Answer 23

PO4^3-

Question 24

Explain current model of atom

Answer 24

Protons and neutrons found in nucleus

Electrons orbit in shells

Nucleus is tiny compared to total volume of atom

Most of atoms mass is in nucleus

Most of atom is empty space between nucleus and electrons

Question 25

Which 2 particles make up most of atoms mass

Answer 25

Protons and neutrons

Question 26

Why does diff isotopes of same element react in same way

Answer 26

Neutrons have no impact on chemical reactivity Reactions involve electrons, isotopes have same number of electrons in same arrangement

Question 27

The relative isotopic mass is the same as which number

Answer 27

Mass number

Question 28

What 2 assumptions are made when calculating mass number

Answer 28

Contribution of electron is neglected Mass of both neutron and proton is taken as 1.0u

Question 29

What are molecular ions

Answer 29

Covalently bonded atoms that lose or gain electrons

Question 30

Which are 4 elements that don’t tend to form ions and why

Answer 30

Beryllium, boron, carbon and silicon Requires a lot of energy to transfer outer shell electrons

Question 31

How does a mass spectrometer work

Answer 31

Sample made into positive ions They pass through apparatus & are separated according to mass to charge ratio Computer analyses data and produces mass spectrum

Question 32

What are the uses of mass spectrometry

Answer 32

Identify unknown compounds Find relative abundance of each isotope of an element Determine structural information

Question 33

State differences between isotopes of same element

Answer 33

Diff number of neutrons Diff atomic masses / mass numbers Diff physical properties

Question 34

State similarities and differences between atomic structure of isotope of same element

Answer 34

Same number of protons & electrons Diff number of neutrons

Question 35

Example question = Different isotopes of antimony have the same chemical properties. Explain why.

Answer 35

Same number of electrons in outer shell Same electron configuration / electron structure