C2 Bonding

Question 1

Why is graphite in pencils soft and slippery?

Answer 1

Layers are held together with weak forces so slide over each other

Question 2

Give a dot and cross diagram for methane

Answer 2

Question 3

Draw a hydrogen molecule.

Answer 3

Question 4

Describe how a calcium ion is formed.

Answer 4

Loses 2 outer electrons

Question 5

In graphite how many bonds does carbon make?

Answer 5

3

Question 6

What is the formula of potassium bromide?

Answer 6

KBr

Question 7

Explain in terms of electron transfer how potassium bromide is bonded?

Answer 7

1 outer electron is transferred from potassium to the bromine to form ions which attract

Question 8

What charge will the halogens form?

Answer 8

-1

Question 9

What is an ionic compound?

Answer 9

Metal & Non-metal chemically bonded

Question 10

What size are nanoparticles?

Answer 10

Very small 1-100nm

Question 11

What type of bonding is found in methane?

Answer 11

Covalent

Question 12

Why do metals conduct electricity?

Answer 12

Delocalised outer electrons can move

Question 13

When melted or dissolved in water ionic compounds conduct electricity, why?

Answer 13

Ions are free to move

Question 14

How many bonds does carbon make in a diamond?

Answer 14

4

Question 15

What do group 7 elements react with to form an ionic compound?

Answer 15

Metals

Question 16

What charge will group 1 elements form?

Answer 16

+1

Question 17

Give a dot and cross molecule for an oxygen molecule

Answer 17

Question 18

What is the formula of methane?

Answer 18

CH₄

Question 19

What is an ion?

Answer 19

A charged particle

Question 20

How is a chloride ion formed?

Answer 20

Gains 1 outer shell electron

Question 21

What is the difference between a thermosoftening polymers and a thermosetting polymer?

Answer 21

Thermosoftening can be heated and reshaped but thermosetting would char

Question 22

Do nanoparticles have the same properties as the material in bulk?

Answer 22

No because of the large surface area for their volume

Question 23

What group in the periodic table has the same electronic configuration as ions?

Answer 23

0 Noble Gases

Question 24

Draw an ammonia molecule

Answer 24

Question 25

What type of bonding is found in compounds with metals and non-metals?

Answer 25

Ionic

Question 26

What is the charge on a potassium ion?

Answer 26

+1

Question 27

Give a dot and cross diagram for water

Answer 27

Question 28

Why does diamond have a high melting point?

Answer 28

Each carbon atom has 4 strong bonds to other carbons in a giant structure so a lot of energy is needed to break them.

Question 29

Which electrons are used in bonding?

Answer 29

Outer electrons

Question 30

What type of bonding is found in potassium bromide?

Answer 30

Ionic

Question 31

Group 1 metals react with what to form an ionic compound?

Answer 31

Non-metal

Question 32

Is diamond a simple molecular or giant covalent structure?

Answer 32

Giant Covalent

Question 33

Give 3 uses or nanoparticles.

Answer 33

Sun protection Socks with silver or tennis balls Catalysts

Question 34

What is ionic bonding?

Answer 34

Electrostatic attraction between ion formed by the transfer of electrons

Question 35

What type of bonding is found in C₂H₆?

Answer 35

Covalent

Question 36

What type of bonding is in diamond?

Answer 36

Giant Covalent

Question 37

Why is diamond hard?

Answer 37

Each carbon has 4 strong bonds in a giant structure

Question 38

Draw a chlorine molecule

Answer 38

Question 39

What is the charge on an oxide ion?

Answer 39

O^2-

Question 40

Ionic compounds have what type of boiling and melting points? Why?

Answer 40

High, because they are lattice structure so ionic bonds would have to be broken

Question 41

Why can metals be hammered and bent?

Answer 41

Layers slide over each other

Question 42

Draw a sodium ion.

Answer 42

Question 43

Describe the bonding found in metals

Answer 43

Positive ions attracted to a sea of electrons

Question 44

Is methane a simple molecular or giant covalent structure?

Answer 44

Simple Molecular

Question 45

Why does graphite conduct electricity in electrodes?

Answer 45

1 electron from each carbon is free to move

Question 46

Draw a labelled diagram for the bonding in metals

Answer 46

Question 47

What is a covalent bond?

Answer 47

A pair of shared electrons

Question 48

Draw a hydrogen chloride molecule

Answer 48

Question 49

What is the name of the bonding in metals?

Answer 49

Metallic

Question 50

What is the electronic configuration for a magnesium ion?

Answer 50

2, 8

Question 51

Why does methane have low melting and boiling points?

Answer 51

The low melting point is because it only has weak intermolecular forces that need to be broken

Question 52

What are represented by ?

Answer 52

Shared pair of electrons – covalent bond

Question 53

In covalent compounds what happens to the electrons?

Answer 53

Shared

Question 54

Why do simple molecular substances not conduct electricity?

Answer 54

There are no free ions or electrons to move

Question 55

What is a double covalent bond?

Answer 55

2 pairs of shared electrons

Question 56

What are shape memory alloys?

Answer 56

Alloys that change shape at different temperatures

Question 57

Why do simple molecules evaporate easily?

Answer 57

Weak intermolecular forces don’t need a lot of energy to break

Question 58

What group of elements don’t often bond because they are unreactive?

Answer 58

0 – Noble Gases