C2 - Chemical patterns

Question 1

What is crude oil

Answer 1

A mixture of different hydrocarbons

Question 2

What are hydrocarbons with lots of carbon atoms called

Answer 2

Long chain hydrocarbons

Question 3

What are hydrocarbons with few carbon atoms called

Answer 3

Short chain hydrocarbons

Question 4

What is the process of fractional distillation

Answer 4

We evaporate the crude oil, and different length hydrocarbons evaporate at different temperatures.

Question 5

How wide are atoms

Answer 5

0.1mn

Question 6

What does abundance of an element mean

Answer 6

how common it is

Question 7

What is a molecule

Answer 7

A group of 2 or more atoms, chemically bonded

Question 8

What is a compound

Answer 8

A group of 2 or more elements, chemically bonded

Question 9

What is a mixture

Answer 9

2 or more substances which are NOT chemically bonded

Question 10

Are the elements in mixtures easily seperated

Answer 10

Yes

Question 11

Is water a compound

Answer 11

Yes

Question 12

Is H2 a compound

Answer 12

No

Question 13

Can molecules be huge structures?

Answer 13

No

Question 14

What do we have if a solid which doesnt dissolved is mixed into a liquid

Answer 14

mixture

Question 15

What do we have if a solid is dissolved in a liquid

Answer 15

a solution

Question 16

What is filtration

Answer 16

Separates insoluble solids from liquids, uses filter paper

Question 17

What is evaporation (to separate a solution)

Answer 17

Placing the solution over a bunsen burner, which will cause the solvent to evaporate, leaving behind crystals of solute

Question 18

What are the prod of evaporation

Answer 18

Quick and easy

Question 19

What are the cons of evaporation

Answer 19

Some solids will decompose when they are heated up, which is called thermal decomposition

Question 20

What is the process of crystalisation

Answer 20

place the solution in a warm bath, and when you start to see crystallization, remove the solution from the heating source, and as solutes are less soluble at lower temperatures, more crystals will form

Question 21

When drawing the arrangement of electrons in a ion, what must you always add

Answer 21

Square brackets and the charge in the top right

Question 22

What is ionic bonding

Answer 22

A bond between a metal and a non metal

Question 23

What colour is bromine

Answer 23

reddish brown

Question 24

Write a half equation for a Cl -1 ion (chlorine needs to gain 1 electron)

Answer 24

Cl + e- —> Cl-

Question 25

What is necessary for ionic bonds to attract each other

Answer 25

They need to have opposite charges

Question 26

Is an ionic bond strong or weak

Answer 26

Strong

Question 27

What does aq mean in chemistry

Answer 27

A solution NOT just a liquid

Question 28

What is a saturated molecule

Answer 28

A molecule containing only single bonds

Question 29

What do alkalis form when they dissolve in water?

Answer 29

OH- ions(the metal hydroxide)

Question 30

What is required for corrosion to take place

Answer 30

Oxygen and water

Question 31

What are Alkali metals

Answer 31

Group one elements

Question 32

What are the properties of Alkali metals

Answer 32

Soft, highly reactive, low melting point

Question 33

What 3 things do alkali metals react with

Answer 33

Oxygen, Water and group 7

Question 34

Why are alkali metals reactive

Answer 34

Because they only need to lose one electron

Question 35

What type of ion do Alkali metals form

Answer 35

+1 ion

Question 36

Why do Alkali metals become more reactive as you go down the group

Answer 36

Because the outermost shell gets further away from the nuclei, so the forces keeping it in are weaker

Question 37

What happens when you react an alkali metal with water

Answer 37

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 38

At which element in the alkali metals, is the energy enough to ignite the hydrogen has

Answer 38

Potassium onwards

Question 39

What is formed when a alkali metal (group 1), reacts with a group 7

Answer 39

A white salt

Question 40

What is formed when an alkali metal reacts with oxygen

Answer 40

it forms a metal oxide

Question 41

can liquid ionic compounds conduct electricity

Answer 41

Yes, because the ions are free to move

Question 42

What does it mean if a molecule is saturated

Answer 42

Only single bonds

Question 43

How do alcohols compare to alkanes

Answer 43

Almost identical, but with OH instead of one H

Question 44

What are the properties of alcohol

Answer 44

Flammable Soluble Can be oxidised, which forms a carboxylic acid

Question 45

What is formed if an alcohol is oxidised

Answer 45

A carboxylic acid

Question 46

What is the functional group for carboxylic acid

Answer 46

. O // C \ O -- H

Question 47

What are some uses of alcohols

Answer 47

Can be used as fuel Can be used as solvents

Question 48

Why are alcohols used as solvents

Answer 48

Because they can dissolve things that water can't, e.g fats

Question 49

Are carboxylic acids strong or weak

Answer 49

Weak

Question 50

What does it mean if an acid is weak

Answer 50

Not all its hydrogen atoms will ionise

Question 51

What equation shows the equilibrium between the ionized and non ionised molecules in carboxylic acid

Answer 51

Carboxylic acid ⇌ Carboxylic minus ion + Hydrogen plus ion

Question 52

What is the name of the carboxylic ion formed when dissolved in water

Answer 52

Anoate. E.G methanoate