C2:T2 - sport psychology

Question 1

define a skill

Answer 1

a skill in physical activity is a specific and defined task that can be learned and practiced

Question 2

define a continuum

Answer 2

a line with a classification extreme at each end skills can then be placed on the continuum; the closer they are placed to the extreme, the more like that extreme they are

Question 3

define a closed skill

Answer 3

a skill performed in a predictable environment

Question 4

define an open skill

Answer 4

a skill performed in an unpredictable environment, where the performer has to react and adjust to the changing nature of the situation

Question 5

on an closed - open continuum give a sporting example for
A - completely closed
B - in the middle
C - completely open

Answer 5

A - free throw in basketball
B - football penalty
C - rounders batting

Question 6

define a basic skill

Answer 6

A simple skill requiring little concentration to execute

Question 7

define a complex skill

Answer 7

a skill requiring a lot of attention and concentration

Question 8

On a basic - complex continuum give a sporting example for
A - completely basic
B - in the middle
C - completely complex

Answer 8

A - running
B - somersault
C - handspring

Question 9

define a low organisation skill

Answer 9

A basic skill that can be broken down easily into different phrases so each part can be practiced seperately

Question 10

define a high organization skill

Answer 10

A skill that cannot be broken down easily and practiced separately because the phases of the skill are closely linked

Question 11

On a low - high continuum give a sporting example for
A - completely low
B - in the middle
C - completely high

Answer 11

A - swimming
B - rugby tackle
C - netball shooting

Question 12

what are the 4 practice types

Answer 12

fixed, massed, variable, distributed

Question 13

define fixed practice

Answer 13

repeatedly practicing a whole skill within a training session

Question 14

fixed practice, sporting examples

Answer 14

putting in golf, penalty kick in football, serving in tennis, goal kicking in rugby, diving practice in swimming

Question 15

Advantages of fixed practice

Answer 15

effective for improvement, good for beginners, works for closed skill

Question 16

Disadvantages of fixed practice

Answer 16

boring as your just doing the same thing over and over again

Question 17

define massed practice

Answer 17

practice that occurs without breaks between trials

Question 18

massed practice, sporting examples

Answer 18

tennis, badminton, volleyball, table tennis, boxing

Question 19

advantages of massed practice

Answer 19

improves accuracy, helps body prepare to work with lactic acid

Question 20

disadvantages of massed practice

Answer 20

boring, no rest, tiring

Question 21

define variable practice

Answer 21

a training session that includes frequent changes of task so that the skill can be repeated in variable practice

Question 22

variable practice, sporting examples

Answer 22

a conditional game, rondo, half court

Question 23

advantages of variable practice

Answer 23

not boring

Question 24

disadvantages of variable practice

Answer 24

not good for beginners, unpredictable on how much play time you’ll get

Question 25

define distributed practice

Answer 25

intervals between skill practice in a training session for rest or mental rehearsal

Question 26

distributed practice, sporting examples

Answer 26

pe lessons

Question 27

advantages of distributed practice

Answer 27

allows feedback on performance, allows for rest, best suited for beginners

Question 28

disadvantages of distributed practice

Answer 28

general feedback, less time on drill

Question 29

what are fixed and massed practices

Answer 29

closed

Question 30

what are variable and distributed practices

Answer 30

open

Question 31

what does smart targets stand for

Answer 31

S - specific M - measurable A - achievable R - realistic T - time bound

Question 32

what are the 4 types of guidance

Answer 32

visual, verbal, manual, mechanical

Question 33

give some examples of visual guidance

Answer 33

- demonstration - video - picture - tactics - chart

Question 34

what are the advantages of visual guidance

Answer 34

useful for all levels of performer, most dominant sense, allows you to see what is required, allows performers to copy what they have seen

Question 35

what are disadvantages of visual guidance

Answer 35

demonstration must be good quality, some skills are too complex, not effective if performers aren't paying attention

Question 36

what are some examples of verbal guidance

Answer 36

- team talk - 1 on 1 session - side of court/pool side

Question 37

what are the advantages of verbal guidance

Answer 37

useful for higher levels of performers, highlights key points, allows you to share basic info, allows for questioning which makes players think

Question 38

what are the disadvantages of verbal guidance

Answer 38

information overload, boring, requires good listening, complex skills are difficult to explain

Question 39

what are some examples of manual guidance

Answer 39

- showing how to hold the racket, club, bat

Question 40

what are the advantages of manual guidance

Answer 40

good for beginners, allows some development of correct feel

Question 41

what are the disadvantages of manual guidance

Answer 41

a movement can feel different when someone else is moving your body for you, performer may question whether they can complete the skill themselves

Question 42

what are some examples of mechanical guidance

Answer 42

- swimming floats - trampoline harness - rock climbing harness - f 1 - cricket bowling machiene

Question 43

what are the advantages mechanical guidance

Answer 43

good for dangerous skills, allows performer to gain feel for a movement without fear, good for building confidence

Question 44

what are the disadvantages of mechanical guidance

Answer 44

equipment might be expensive, performer can rely on equipment

Question 45

define the term feedback

Answer 45

information received during a performance or afterwards about the performance

Question 46

define intrinsic feedback

Answer 46

information a performer receives about their performance that comes from within and is linked to how a movement feels

Question 47

define extrinsic feedback

Answer 47

information a performer receives about their performer from a coach: results and much analysis

Question 48

define concurrent feedback

Answer 48

information a performer receives about their performance during the activity

Question 49

define terminal feedback

Answer 49

information provided to the athlete after the performance

Question 50

define mental rehearsal

Answer 50

practicing the skill in your head before actually doing it

Question 51

define a psychological warm-up

Answer 51

a performer gets ready mentally to give their very best. This allows them to be fully focused on the performance and have no distractions

Question 52

what might some people use during their psychological warm - up

Answer 52

music