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GCSE Chemistry (Key Words) > C2.1- Purity And Separating Mixtures > Flashcards

C2.1- Purity And Separating Mixtures Flashcards

1
Q

Alloy

A

A mixture of a metal and at least one other element

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2
Q

Balanced chemical equation

A

A model for a reaction showing formulae and number of units for all substances involved

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3
Q

Boiling point

A

The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to the gas state

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4
Q

Carrier gas

A

An unreactive or inert gas used as the mobile phase in gas chromatography

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5
Q

Chemical formula

A

A description of a component or element that uses symbols to represent the atoms present. Number show if more than one atom of an element is present

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6
Q

Chromatogram

A

The pattern produced when separating a mixture using chromatography

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7
Q

Chromatography

A

A separation method that relies on the distribution of a substance between a mobile phase and a stationary phase

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8
Q

Condense

A

To change form the gas state to the liquid state

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9
Q

Crystallisation

A

The process by which crystals are formed during evaporation of a solvent form a solution

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10
Q

Dissolve

A

The process in which a solute and solvent mix completely to form a solution

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11
Q

Empirical formula

A

Formula showing the simplest whole-number ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound

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12
Q

Evaporate

A

When a substance turns from the liquid state to the gas state at a temperature below the boiling point

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13
Q

Filtrate

A

Liquid that passes through the filter during filtrations

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14
Q

Filtration

A

The process by which insoluble substances are separated from soluble substances using a filter

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15
Q

Fraction

A

In chemistry, substance separated during fractional distillation

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16
Q

Fractional distillation

A

Method for separating a mixture of liquids with different boiling points into different fractions

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17
Q

Fractionating column

A

A piece of apparatus used to improve the separation of solvents during fractional distillation

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18
Q

Gas chromatography

A

A type of chromatography that uses silica or alumina packed into a metal tube as the stationary phase, and an unreactive or inert cattier gas as the mobile phase

19
Q

Impure substance

A

Material consisting of two or more different elements and/or compounds

20
Q

Insoluble

A

Describes a substance that will not dissolve

21
Q

Melting point

A

The temperature at which a substance changes from solid state to the liquid state

22
Q

Mixture

A

Material consisting of two or more different substances, not chemically joined together

23
Q

Mobile phase

A

A substance in the liquid or gas state that moves during chromatography

24
Q

Paper chromatography

A

Separation method that uses paper as the stationary phase and a solvent in the liquid state as the mobile phase

25
Q

Periodic table

A

A table in which the elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups), in order of increasing atomic number

26
Q

Phase

A

In chemistry, a substance in the solid, liquid, or gas state

27
Q

Pure substance

A

Consisting of just one element or compound

28
Q

Purity

A

A measure of how pure a substance is. A 100% pure substance consists entirely of one element or compound

29
Q

Relative atomic mass

A

The mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 the mass of a 12C atom, defined as 12 exactly. Its symbol is Ar

30
Q

Relative formulas mass

A

Mr, the mean mass of an atom of an element compared to 1/12 the mass of a 12C atom, defined as 12 exactly. It is calculated by adding together the relative atomic masses for the atoms in the formula of a substance

31
Q

Relative molecular mass

A

Relative formula mass applied to a molecular substance

32
Q

Residue

A

Insoluble material left behind during filtration

33
Q

Rf value

A

Relative distance travelled by a substance during chromatography, calculated as: distance travelled by substance ÷ distance travelled by solvent

34
Q

Saturated solution

A

A solution containing the maximum mass of solute at a given temperature

35
Q

Simple distillation

A

Method to separate a solvent from a solution

36
Q

Solubility

A

A measure of how much solute can dissolve in a given solvent at a certain temperature

37
Q

Soluble

A

A substance that will dissolve in a given solvent

38
Q

Solute

A

Substance that dissolves in a solvent

39
Q

Solution

A

A mixture formed when one substance dissolves in another

40
Q

Solvent

A

A substance that can dissolve a solute to form a solution

41
Q

Stationary Phase

A

A substance in the solid or liquid state that does not move during chromatography

42
Q

Thin-Layer Chromatography

A

A type of chromatography that uses silica or alumina spread on a plate as the stationary phase, and a solvent in the liquid state as the mobile phase

43
Q

Vapour

A

A substance in its gas state and below its boiling point

GCSE Chemistry (Key Words) (3 decks)

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