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Chemistry C2 syllabus > C2.1.1 structure and bonding > Flashcards

C2.1.1 structure and bonding Flashcards

1
Q

What does chemical bonding involve?

A

Transferring
Or
Sharing
Electrons I the outer shell to achieve a full outer shell

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2
Q

When atoms form chemical bonds by transferring electrons what do they form?

A

Ions

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3
Q

What charge do atoms that lose electrons have?

A

Atoms that lose electrons become positively charged ions

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4
Q

What charge do atoms that gain electrons have?

A

Atoms that gain electrons become negatively charged ions

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5
Q

What structure do ions have?

A

The structure of a group 0 noble gas

A full outer shell

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6
Q

What are the elements in group one also known as ?

A

Alkalai metals

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7
Q

What is the main chemical property of an alkali metal?

A

They all react with non-metals to form ionic compounds

In which the metal ion has a single positive charge

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8
Q

What are the elements in group 7 also known as ?

A

The halogens

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9
Q

What is the main chemical property of a group 7 metal?

A

A halogen will react with alkali metals to form ions compounds

(In which the halide ions have a single negative charge)

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10
Q

What is an ionic compound?

A

A giant structure of ions

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11
Q

How are ionic compounds held together?

A

By strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions

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12
Q

In what direction do the forces in a giant ionic structure act?

A

The forces act in all directions

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13
Q

What is a giant structure of ions also known as?

A

A lattice

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14
Q

When forces act in all directions in a lattice what is this called?

A

Ionic bonding

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15
Q

When atoms SHARE pairs of electrons what do they form?

A

Covalent bonds

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16
Q

Of what strength are the bonds between atoms in covalent bonds?

A

They are strong

17
Q

What are some examples of covalently bonded substances that consist of simple molecules?

A 
H2
Cl2
O2
HCl
H2O
NH3
CH4
18
Q

What are giant covalent structures also known as?

A

Macromolecules

19
Q

What are some examples of giant covalent structures?

A

Diamond

Silicon dioxide

20
Q

What do structure do metals consist of?

A

Giant structures of atoms arranged in a REGULAR pattern

21
Q

The electrons on the outer shell of an atom are delocalised. What does this mean?

A

They are free to move through the whole structure of the atom

22
Q

What do delocalised electrons correspond to ?

A

A structure of positive ions with electrons between the ions holding them together with strong electrostatic attractions

23
Q

What is a compound ?

A

A substance in which the atoms of two or more atoms are chemically combined

Chemistry C2 syllabus (9 decks)

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