C2.2

Question 1

What are the appearances of metal elements

Answer 1

Shiny

Question 2

What are the melting and boiling points of metals

Answer 2

Usually high

Question 3

What are metal elements state at room temperature

Answer 3

Solid

Question 4

Are metals malleable or brittle when solid

Answer 4

Malleable (means able to be bent into a shape without breaking)

Question 5

Are metal elements ductile or non-ductile

Answer 5

Ductile (able to be bent into wires)

Question 6

What are metal elements in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity?

Answer 6

Good conductors for both

Question 7

What is the appearance of non-metals

Answer 7

Dull

Question 8

What are the melting and boiling points of non-metals

Answer 8

Usually low

Question 9

What are non-metal’s state at room temperature

Answer 9

Half are solid and half are gas

Question 10

Are non-metals brittle or malleable when solid

Answer 10

Brittle

Question 11

Are non-metals ductile or non-ductile

Answer 11

Non ductile (snap when pulled)

Question 12

Are non-metals good in terms of thermal and electrical conductivity

Answer 12

No, they are poor conductors

Question 13

What does the group number of an atom determine

Answer 13

The number of electrons in the outer shell

Question 14

What does the period number of an atom determine

Answer 14

The amount of electrons shells that an atom has

Question 15

What do you represent a gained electron by in a diagram

Answer 15

Either a dot or cross depending on what you labelled all the other electrons

Question 16

When drawing ions what should your remember

Answer 16

Brackets outside the diagram and the number showing whether it is positive or negative and how many electrons it has lost or gained

Question 17

What type of ions do metals form

Answer 17

They always lost electrons to form positive ions

Question 18

What is it called when metals and non-metals form

Answer 18

An ionic bond

Question 19

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion hydroxide

Answer 19

OH superscript -

Question 20

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion sulfate

Answer 20

SO subsequent 4 superscript 2-

Question 21

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion nitrate

Answer 21

NO subsequent 3 superscript -

Question 22

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion carbonate

Answer 22

CO subsequent 3 superscript 2-

Question 23

What is the symbol for the polyatomic ion ammonium

Answer 23

NH subsequent 4 superscript +

Question 24

What is a covalent bond

Answer 24

A shared pair of electrons between 2 non-metals when the atoms get close enough to share electrons in their outer shells. By sharing electrons, the atoms compete their outer shells

Question 25

What are the advantages and disadvantages of a space-filling model

Answer 25

It does not show the size of the bonds between the nuclei and shared electrons It does show how the electrons are shared in the molecule

Question 26

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the ball and stick model model

Answer 26

The bonds are not actually sticks Both the sizes of of the atoms and the length of the bonds are exaggerated It suggests that the electrons that make the bonds do not move It shows a 3d representation of atoms

Question 27

What are the advantages and disadvantages of the displayed formula

Answer 27

Each atom is represented by its chemical symbol Each covalent bond is represented by a straight line Simple molecules have shapes It does not show the 3d shape of the molecule

Question 28

What is an ionic bond

Answer 28

The transfer of electron between a metals and non-metal

Question 29

How is a polymer made?

Answer 29

Multiple monomers join together using covalent bond to create a polymer

Question 30

What happens in a thermosoftening polymer

Answer 30

The polymer chains in this tangled web are relatively easy to separate

Question 31

What is a thermosetting polymer

Answer 31

Chains joined together by strong covalent bonds. This is called cross linking. These are strong covalent bonds whereas thermosoftening uses weak intermolecular forces

Question 32

What is metallic bonding.

Answer 32

The outer shell of electrons on a metal become delocalised and can move freely around the structure. The reason that the positive metal ions aren’t repelling from each is because they are strongly attached to the negative electrons. The atoms are packed together in a lattice arrangement but not too closely as they are all positive.

Question 33

How strong is a covalent bond

Answer 33

Very strong

Question 34

What state are simple molecules in the periodic table at room temperature

Answer 34

Gas

Question 35

Are ionic structures conductors?

Answer 35

Only when they are in a liquid state or dissolved