C2.2 Flashcards
(33 cards)
How is an ion formed?
When an atom looses or gains an electron during a chemical reaction
What is a cation?
When a metal atom loses an electron it becomes a positively charged ion called a cation
How many electrons are lost when a cation is formed?
The same number as the group number eg. An atom of an element in group 1 would lose 1 electron
What is an anion?
When a non metal gains electrons to become a negatively charged ion it is an anion
Why does a cation lose its electrons on the outermost shell?
To get rid of the outermost shell
Why does an anion gain electrons to its outermost shell ?
To complete its outermost shell
How many electrons can an atom gain to become an anion?
8-The number of electrons in the outermost shell
How do ionic bonds form?
When two oppositely charged ions attract each other they combine with ionic bonds connecting them together
How many elements do ionic compounds contain?
1
How many elements do compound ions contain?
More than 1
What is the difference between “ide” ending products and “ate”ending products?
“Ide” ending products don’t contain oxygen when “ate” ending products do contain oxygen
How are ions in an ionic compound arranged?
In a regular way called a lattice structure
When do ionic substances conduct electricity?
When they are molten and when they are in aqueous solution
What is an ion?
An atom or a group of atoms with a positive or negative charge
Which two conditions must be met for a substance to conduct electricity?
It must contain charged particle and these particles must be free to move around.
Why can ionic compounds only conduct electricity when molten or in an aqueous solution and not when solid?
The particles in an ionic substance are charged (ions) but when solid they are not free to move, only when molten or in an aqueous solution.
What is melting point?
The temperature at which a substance turns form a solid to a liquid
What is boiling point?
The temperature at which a liquid turns into a gas at its fastest possible rate
What are ionic substances melting and boiling points, high, medium or low?
High
What makes something soluble?
If it dissolves well in a particular liquid
What makes something insoluble?
If it does not dissolve well in a particular liquid
How is a salt made?
By reacting an acid with an alkali
What is a precipitation reaction?
A reaction in which two soluble substance produce an insoluble solid
What is a precipitate?
An insoluble solid formed in a precipitation reaction
