C2.2 Bonding

Question 1

Acidic

Answer 1

having a pH value less than 7

Question 2

Alkaline

Answer 2

having a pH value greater than 7

Question 3

Ball-and-stick model

Answer 3

a representation of ionic compounds and molecules in which balls represent the atoms or ions, and springs or plastic links represent the chemical bonds

Question 4

Brittle

Answer 4

when a substance is likely to crack or shatter when hit

Question 5

Chemical property

Answer 5

a feature of a substance that can only be determined by studying it chemical reactions

Question 6

Conductor

Answer 6

able to carry electrical or thermal energy

Question 7

Covalent bond

Answer 7

a strong force of attraction between the nuclei of two atoms that are sharing one or more pairs of electrons

Question 8

Delocalised electron

Answer 8

a free electron in a molecule, ion or solid metal that is not part of an individual atom or bond

Question 9

Displayed formula

Answer 9

a diagram in which atoms are represented by chemical symbols, and covalent bonds by lines

Question 10

Dot-and-cross diagram

Answer 10

model in which electron shells are shown as circles, with electrons as dots or crosses

Question 11

Ductile

Answer 11

able to be drawn into wire without breaking

Question 12

Electron diagram

Answer 12

a model of an atom or ion in which shells are represented as circles, and electrons by dots or crosses

Question 13

Electronic structure

Answer 13

the arrangement of the electrons in an atom

Question 14

Giant covalent structure

Answer 14

an arrangement of non-metal atoms joined by covalent bonds in a regular
arrangement

Question 15

Giant ionic lattice

Answer 15

a structure of ionic compounds in which oppositely charged ions are held in a regular and repeating arrangement by strong electrostatic forces of attractions

Question 16

Giant metallic lattic

Answer 16

the repeating regular arrangement of metal atoms or ions in a metal in the solid state

Question 17

Group

Answer 17

in the periodic table, a column of elements with similar chemical properties and the same number of
electrons in the outer shells of their atoms

Question 18

Insulator

Answer 18

unable to carry electrical or thermal energy

Question 19

Intermolecular forces

Answer 19

weak forces of attraction that exist between simple molecules

Question 20

Ion

Answer 20

charged particle formed when an atom, or a group of atoms, loses or gains electrons

Question 21

Ionic compound

Answer 21

a compound containing oppositely charged ions from different elements

Question 22

Malleable

Answer 22

able to be bent, hammered, or pressed into shape without cracking or shattering

Question 23

Metal

Answer 23

a substance that is usually shiny, malleable, ductile, and a good electrical or thermal conductor

Question 24

Metallic bond

Answer 24

the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between delocalised electrons and metal ions

Question 25

Monomer

Answer 25

small molecules that can join together to form polymer molecules

Question 26

Non-metal

Answer 26

a substance that is usually dull, brittle, and a poor electrical or thermal conductor

Question 27

Outer shell

Answer 27

the outermost occupied shell in an atom

Question 28

Oxide

Answer 28

a type of compound formed when an element or compound gains oxygen

Question 29

Period

Answer 29

in the periodic table, a row in which the atomic number increases by 1 going from one element to the next

Question 30

Periodic table

Answer 30

a table in which elements are arranged in rows (periods) and columns (groups), in order of increasing atomic number

Question 31

Physical property

Answer 31

feature of a substance that can be observed or measured, such as its melting point or colour

Question 32

Polymer

Answer 32

substance with molecules made from many repeat units

Question 33

Repeating unit

Answer 33

a section of a polymer molecule that is repeated many times in the molecules

Question 34

Simple molecule

Answer 34

a particle consisting of a few non-metal atoms joined together by covalent bonds

Question 35

Space-filling model

Answer 35

a representation of ionic compounds and molecules in which balls represent the atoms or ions