C2.2 (until C2.2.8)

Question 1

True or False: Metals lose electrons to form positive ions

Answer 1

True

Question 2

True or False: Non-metals gain electrons to form positive ions.

Answer 2

False, Non-metals gain electrons to form negative ions.

Question 3

Do metals react with each other?

Answer 3

No, they mix to form alloys

Question 4

What do non-metals form when they react?

Answer 4

Compounds

Question 5

What do metals and non metals react with oxygen to form:

Answer 5

Oxides

Question 6

What do metal oxides form when they dissolve in water?

Answer 6

Alkaline solution

Question 7

What do non-metal oxides form when they dissolve in water?

Answer 7

acidic solution

Question 8

Why do elements in a group have similar chemical properties?

Answer 8

Due to the arrangement of their electrons.

Question 9

What can you tell about the electronic structure of an element from its group number?

Answer 9

The amount of electrons in the outer shell.

Question 10

What can you tell about the electronic structure of an element from its period number?

Answer 10

Its amount of shells

Question 11

What happens when metals react with non-metals?

Answer 11

electrons are transferred from the metal atoms to the non-metal atoms, so both become stable.

Question 12

describe ionic compounds ion their solid state

Answer 12

Contain positive and negative ions arranged in a regular way; this arrangement is called a giant lattice.

Question 13

Describe a covalent bond

Answer 13

Covalent bonds form between 2 non-metal atoms sharing electrons.

Question 14

What is a molecule?

Answer 14

A molecule is a particle in which non-metal atoms are joined to each other by covalent bonds, a simple molecule is a molecule that only contains a few atoms(like hydrogen, oxygen, water, etc)

Question 15

Where are the forces in covalent bonds?

Answer 15

For covalent bonds, electrostatic forces of attraction are between the nucleus of each bonded atom and the shared electrons.

Question 16

Describe the bonds and forces in covalent bonding

Answer 16

The covalent bonds between atoms in a simple molecule are strong, but the intermolecular forces between the molecules are weak.

Question 17

Describe the structure of a diamond

Answer 17

diamond is a form of carbon, existing as a giant covalent structure in which each carbon atom is joined to 4 other carbon atoms by covalent bonds.

Question 18

How do you write a giant covalent structure?

Answer 18

You use empirical formula, which shows the simplest whole number ratio of atoms in each element

Question 19

How are polymers made?

Answer 19

all polymers are made from monomers which join end-to-end in chemical reactions, producing longer polymer molecules.

Question 20

What do monomers consist of?

Answer 20

Monomers consist of few-non-metal atoms joined to each other by covalent bonds.

Question 21

How are polymer molecules drawn?

Answer 21

polymer molecules are drawn as a wavy line, sometimes with straight lines between them to represent covalent bonds, there are weak intermolecular forces between polymer molecules, but they aren’t shown.

Question 22

Describe the two different types of polymers

Answer 22

some polymers are made from several types of monomer (e.g: proteins and DNA), others are made of one type of monomer(e.g polyethene)

Question 23

What is the structure of metal’s atoms?

Answer 23

Metal’s atoms are packed together in a regular way forming a giant metallic lattice.

Question 24

What do electrons do in the metal atoms?

Answer 24

electrons leave the outer shells of the metal atoms, forming a ‘sea’ of electrons around positively charged metal ions, called delocalised electrons.

Question 25

What are metallic bonds?

Answer 25

Metallic bonds are strong electrostatic forces of attraction between the delocalised electrons and the closely packed, positively charged metal ions.