C3

Question 1

Metal Conduct Electricity

Answer 1

delocalised electrons

Question 2

Metal High Melting/boiling point

Answer 2

electrostatic attraction

Question 3

Metal Malleable

Answer 3

layer of positive ion

Question 4

Metal with Acid

Answer 4

Metal+ACID→Salt+Hydrogen

Question 5

Metal is water

Answer 5

Metal+Water→Metal Hydroxide+Hydrogen

Question 6

Displacement reaction?

Answer 6

more reactive element displace less reactive one

Question 7

ionic bonding

Answer 7

electrostatic attraction between metal and non-metals

Question 8

Displacement equation:Calcium Carbonate +Caesium

Answer 8

CaCO3+2Cs→Cs2C03+Ca

Question 9

Calcium+Oxygen

Answer 9

2Ca+02→2CaO

Question 10

Outline what happen in blast furnace

Answer 10

Iron ore, coke, limestone in
Oxygen then in, 1200-1300 degree celcius
Carbon in coke react with o2 for CO2 then react with coke for CO
CO displace Iron and Iron formed
Slag is formed
And waste gases are removed

Question 11

bio leaching

Answer 11

Bacterial feed on ore for long time and metal then purified

Question 12

phytomining

Answer 12

plant takes up metal from soil. Plant burn. And then blast furnace.

Question 13

electrolysis

Answer 13

Splitting ionic compound with electricity

Question 14

electrolyte

Answer 14

molten/dissolved ionic compound being split, also conduct electricity.

Question 15

anion

Answer 15

negative ion

Question 16

cation

Answer 16

positive ion

Question 17

anode

Answer 17

positive electrode, oxidises anion

Question 18

cathode

Answer 18

negative electrode, reduces cation

Question 19

electrolysis of Francium Chloride

Answer 19

1) FrCl is molten
2) Fr to cathode as it is Fr+, reduced: Fr+ + e- → Fr
3) Cl to anode as it is Cl-, Oxidised: 2Cl- → CL2 + 2e-
3) Done

Question 20

Aluminium electrolysis

Answer 20

bauxite with cryolite → lower Melting point as bauxite too high.
Graphite Electrode replaced of Oxygen reacts with it to form CO2
Electrolyte is Molten Al2O3

Question 21

Aqueous Electrolysis

Answer 21

H2O dissociates when something is dissolved in it.
H20 equilibrium sign H+ + OH-
in Cathode: Hydrogen compete with metal, if metal more reactive than H2 formed and vice verse
same in cathode but OH is into O2 not H20.
And it is halogen or not.

Question 22

Hydrocarbon

Answer 22

Compound with only Hydrogen and carbon

Question 23

inter molecular forces

Answer 23

Forced between molecules. More larger molecule, more stronger Intermolecular forces and more energy needed to break

Question 24

Crude oil/Fractional distillation

Answer 24

Crude oil-Mixture of hydrocarbons with different chain lengths.
Fractional distillation used to separate it.
1)Evaporate Crude oil
2)Enters Fractionating coloumn
3)Heat from bottom for temperature gradient
4)When a fraction of it reaches an area of its boiling point, it condenses.
5)High Boiling points are near the bottom.

Question 25

Covalent bonding

Answer 25

sharing of electrion between non metals

Question 26

Cracking

Answer 26

breaking long molecule into short ones (Alkane and alkene) Also 2 types: Thermal-750 degree celcius and 70 atm pressure. Catalytic-500 degree and zeolite catalyst-industry prefere it of lower temperature

Question 27

Practical of cracking

Answer 27

1) put mineral wool of paraffin in bottom of test tube 2) Place catalyst in middle 3) Heat 4) Gas form 5) Collect in test tube 6) Take out the delivery tube for no suckback-H20 into tube and cause to crack ``` Tubes: 1-Air 2-Air 3-Camping gas 4-Ignite for Flammable gas 5-BrH20 test for alkene 6-Potassium permangenate for Alkene. ```

Question 28

Alkanes

Answer 28

``` saturated hydrocarbon with formula CnH2n+1, single bond. A homologous series. Methane-CH4 ETHANE-C2H6 PROPANE-C38 BUTANE-C4H10 and more ```

Question 29

Alkenes

Answer 29

unsaturated, double carbon bonds. Formula of Cnh2n. A Homologous series. ETHENE-C2H4 PROPENE-C3H6 BUTENE-C4H8 PROPENE-C5H10 And more. They have addition reactions-reactions which open up their double bond. like hydrogenation into Alkane:Alkene+h2→Alkane. H20 for Alcholol. Reacts with halogens like ethene and bromine for dibromoethene. Also turns BrH20 Colourless. Also can react to form addition polymers when reacting in Addition Polymerisation

Question 30

Alchohol

Answer 30

``` -OH- functional group. METHANOL-CH3OH ETHANOL-C2H5OH PROPANOL-C3H7OH BUTANOL-C4H9OH Goes under combustion, also oxidises into Carboxylic Acids. And also used as solvent and fuels. ```

Question 31

Carboxylic Acids

Answer 31

``` -COOH- functional group METHANOIC ACID-HCOOH ETHANOIC ACID-CH3COOH PROPANOIC ACID-C2H5COOH BUTANOIC ACID-C3H7COOH ``` They react with metal carbonates to form metal anoates like methanoate or ethanoate. They are weak acids.

Question 32

Esters

Answer 32

-COO- functional group Carboxylic acid+Alcohol forms with with acid catalyst like Sulfuric acid. They form things like Ethyl Ethanoate or Methyl Methanoate or Butyl Propanoate

Question 33

Zacian

Answer 33

A steel/Fairy type pokémon who is broken with the ability intrepid sword and with insane power and speed.