C3 - Chemicals In Our Lives: Risks and Benefits

Question 1

What is the name given to the large, ‘cracked’ pieces of the Earth’s lithosphere?

Answer 1

Tectonic Plates

Question 2

What are some of the uses of salt?

Answer 2

• Flavouring
• A preservative in foods
• Treating the roads
• A source of chemicals (chlorine and sodium hydroxide)

Question 3

What are the by-products formed when an acid reacts with a hydroxide?

Answer 3

Salt + water

Question 4

What are the by-products formed when an acid reacts with a carbonate?

Answer 4

Salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 5

What is formed when hydrogen chloride reacts with water?

Answer 5

Hydrochloric acid

Question 6

Chlorinated drinking water prevents against illnesses such as…..

Answer 6

• Typhoid fever
• Dysentery
• Cholera
• Gastroenteritis

Question 7

What are the main uses of chlorine?

Answer 7

• To kill bacteria in swimming pools and drinking water

- To manufacture hydrochloric acid, disinfectants, bleach and PVC

Question 8

What are the main uses of sodium hydroxide?

Answer 8

• Soap
• Paper
• Ceramics

Question 9

What are the main uses of hydrogen?

Answer 9

• Ammonia

- Margarine

Question 10

What were the effects of Thalidomide?

Answer 10

Babies being born with serious limb defects.

Question 11

What are the FOUR main steps of the Life Cycle Assessment?

Answer 11

• Making the material from raw materials
• Manufacture
• Use
• Disposal

Question 12

PVC is made up of what THREE atoms?

Answer 12

• Hydrogen
• Carbon
• Chlorine

Question 13

How was Earth’s atmosphere created? What events occurred?

Answer 13

• Volcanic activity released carbon dioxide
• Water vapour condensed to form oceans
• Green plants evolved
• Carbon dioxide levels decreases as oxygen was formed
• Nitrogen was made as gases reacted with oxygen

Question 14

What are the names of the THREE products that are made from brine?

Answer 14

• Hydrogen gas
• Chlorine gas
• Sodium hydroxide