C4.1 terms

Question 1

habitat

Answer 1

the environment in which a species normally lives

Question 2

population

Answer 2

group of organisms of the same species that live at the same time in the same area

Question 3

community

Answer 3

a group of populations living and interacting with one another at the same time in the same area

Question 4

ecosystem

Answer 4

a community + its abiotic (non-living) environment

Question 4

random sampling

Answer 4

the number of species in several samples to estimate population

Question 4

sampling error

Answer 4

difference between the estimate obtained with random sampling and the true size of the population

Question 5

quadrat sampling

Answer 5

a sampling technique that places a grid on an area and samples randomly from that grid and then multiplied to get the estimated full population size

Question 6

sessile organism

Answer 6

a non moving (fixed or permanently attached) organism

Question 7

capture-mark-release-recapture

Answer 7

a population counting technique that involves capturing a motile organism labelling it and then recapturing another sample and comparing the ratio of marked to unmarked population (think of the ants)

Question 8

motile organism

Answer 8

organism that is able to move around

Question 9

lincoln index

Answer 9

MxN/R=total population

Question 10

transitional phase of a population growth curve

Answer 10

the top/middle part of the graph where there is beginning to be a shortage of resources and we see a decreasing rate of population growth

Question 11

exponential growth phase of a population growth curve

Answer 11

the beginning of the graph where the population is only increasing because it has abundant resources

Question 12

phateau phase of a population growth curve

Answer 12

the end of the graph where the population is constructed by is resource availability and it reaches carrying capacity (K)

Question 13

carrying capacity

Answer 13

the maximum population that a particular habitiat can support (K)

Question 14

limiting factor and give an example

Answer 14

a variable that can prevent growth or reduce size of a population
ex: competition

Question 15

density dependent factors

Answer 15

limiting factors that change depending on the population density

Question 16

density independent factors

Answer 16

limiting factors that affect the population in the same way regardless of the population density

Question 17

negative feedback

Answer 17

when the output of a system acts to oppose the input of a system

Question 18

intraspecific relationships

Answer 18

relationships between members of the same species

Question 19

intraspecific cooperation and ex

Answer 19

cooperation between members of the same species
ex wolves hunting in packs

Question 20

intraspecific competition

Answer 20

competition between members of the same species for the same resource

Question 21

parasitism

Answer 21

one species living on or in another

Question 22

mutualism

Answer 22

two species interacting in a way that makes both benefit

Question 23

pathogenicity

Answer 23

the ability of microbes ex bacteria protists or fungi or viruses to cause disease in other species.

Question 24

null hypothesis

Answer 24

no relationship between the two variables

Question 25

alternate hypothesis

Answer 25

there is a relationship between the two variables

Question 26

top down control

Answer 26

when a species population can be decreased by another species feeding on it

Question 27

bottom up control

Answer 27

when a species population can be decreased by a lack of resources

Question 28

allelopathy

Answer 28

when chemicals are secreted by one species that influences the germination, growth, survival and reproduction of other organisms