C5: Chemical Change

Question 1

State the reactivity series in order.

Answer 1

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium
(Carbon)
Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead
(Hydrogen)
Cooper
Silver
Good
Platinum

Question 2

What metals use electrolysis to be extracted?

Answer 2

Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Aluminium

Question 3

What metals are extracted by heating with carbon?

Answer 3

Zinc
Iron
Tin
Lead

Question 4

What metals are found native not in a metal ore?

Answer 4

Cooper
Silver
Good
Platinum

Question 5

How do potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react with water?

Answer 5

They fizz, sparks giving off hydrogen leaving behind an alkali.

Question 6

How do potassium, sodium, lithium and calcium react with dilute acid?

Answer 6

Explode

Question 7

How do magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react with water?

Answer 7

Very slow reaction

Question 8

How do magnesium, aluminium, zinc and iron react with dilute acid?

Answer 8

Fizz, giving off hydrogen gas and forming salt.

Question 9

How does tin and lead react with water?

Answer 9

Slight reaction with steam (cause it’s hot)

Question 10

How does tin and lead react with dilute acid?

Answer 10

They react slowly with warm acid.

Question 11

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react with water?

Answer 11

No reaction

Question 12

How does copper, silver, gold and platinum react with dilute acid?

Answer 12

No reaction

Question 13

What type of acids are there?

Answer 13

Sulphuric acid
Phosphoric acid
Nitric acid
Hydrochloric acid

Ethanoic acid
Citric acid
Asparatic acid - vitamin C

Question 14

Acid + water —-> ?

Answer 14

salt + hydrogen

Question 15

Acid + metal oxide —-> ?

Answer 15

Salt + water

Question 16

Acid + metal hydroxide —-> ?

Answer 16

salt + water

Question 17

Acid + metal carbonate —->

Answer 17

salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 18

What is the equation for metal + air?

Answer 18

Metal + oxygen —-> metal oxides

Question 19

What is the equation for metal + water?

Answer 19

Metal + water —-> metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 20

What observations would you make in a displacement reaction?

Answer 20

State changes, colour changes,

Question 21

What metals does carbon displace?

Answer 21

Zinc, iron, lead, copper, silver, gold, platinum

Question 22

What metals does hydrogen displace?

Answer 22

Cooper, silver, gold, platinum

Question 23

What are some metals more reactive?

Answer 23

Reactive metals have a greater tendency to form (or remain as) positive ions than less reactive metals which makes a metal more reactive.

Question 24

What does oxidation mean?

Answer 24

Loss of electrons (becoming more positively charged).

Question 25

What does reduction mean?

Answer 25

Gain of electrons (becoming more negatively charged).

Question 26

What is neutralisation?

Answer 26

When an acid and a base react to form water and salt.

Question 27

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation?

Answer 27

H+ + OH- —> H2O

Question 28

How can you change the pH of a base to neutral?

Answer 28

By adding an acid to it slowly.

Question 29

What colour do acids turn?

Answer 29

Red/ orange/ yellow

Question 30

What colour do bases turn?

Answer 30

Blue/ purple/ green

Question 31

How can we change the concentration of a substance?

Answer 31

by adding water

Question 32

If an acid is able to fully deionise/ dissociate then it is classified as a...

Answer 32

strong acid

Question 33

If an acid only partially deionises/ dissociates then it's classified as a...

Answer 33

weak acid

Question 34

What is a pH scale?

Answer 34

the measure of acidity and alkalinity. It indicates the strength of acids and alkalis.

Question 35

Water can be an acid and an alkali/ base. What word is used to describe this?

Answer 35

amphoteric