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Chemistry > C7 Acids and Bases > Flashcards

C7 Acids and Bases Flashcards

(22 cards)

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1
Q

What is an acid?

A

An acid is a substance that has a pH of less than 7 and can neutralise as a base. They taste sour.

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2
Q

What is a base?

A

A base is a substance that can neutralise in an acid.

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3
Q

What is an alkali?

A

An alkali is a water-soluble base that has a pH greater than 7. Alkalis feel soapy.

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4
Q

What is universal indicator?

A

Universal indicator is a mixture of dyes that changes colour at different pH values.

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5
Q

What are the colours of universal indicator in different pH solutions?

A

red=strong acid
yellow=weak acid
green=neutral
light blue=weak alkali
dark blue=strong alkali

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6
Q

What is neutralisation?

A

A reaction between an acid and a base that results in a pH of 7. It usually produces a salt and water.

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7
Q

What is a salt?

A

An ionic compound formed from positive metal ions and negative non-metal ions. In other words a compound which is formed during a neutralisation reaction.

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8
Q

What is the chemical formula for hydrochloric acid?

A

HCl

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9
Q

Which salts are produced from hydrochloric acid?

A

Chloride salts

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10
Q

What is the formula for sulfuric acid

A

H2SO4

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11
Q

Which salts are produced from sulfuric acid?

A

Sulfate salts

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12
Q

What is the formula for nitric acid?

A

HNO3

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13
Q

Which salts are produced from nitric acid?

A

Nitrate salts

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14
Q

Which salts are produced from ethanoic acid?

A

Ethanoate salts

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15
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid + alkali

A

Acid + Alkali –> Salt + Water

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16
Q

What is the ionic equation for neutralisation between an acid and an alkali?

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A

H+ + OH –>H2O

17
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction of an acid + metal?

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A

Acid + Metal –> Salt + Hydrogen

18
Q

What is the test for hydrogen gas?

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A

Use a lit splint. The hydrogen burns with a squeaky pop.

19
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction of an acid + metal oxide?

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A

Acid + Metal Carbonate –> Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide

20
Q

What is the test for carbon dioxide gas?

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A

Bubble through limewater. The limewater goes cloudy.

21
Q

Where do we find metal carbonates in everyday life?

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A

Metal carbonates are found in antacid tablets (Indigestion tablets) and in rocks like limestone and chalk.

22
Q

What is the general equation for the reaction between an acid + metal hydroxide?

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A

Acid + Metal Hydroxide –> Salt + Water

Chemistry (2 decks)

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