C7 MEMORISE

Question 1

what is the formula for alkenes?

Answer 1

CnH2n

Question 2

what is the formula for alkanes?

Answer 2

CnH2n+2

Question 3

If chain length increases of a hydrocarbon, what will happen to viscosity, MP/BP, and flammability?

Answer 3

BP/MP increases
viscosity increases
flammability decreases

Question 4

what is the complete combustion of a hydrocarbon?

Answer 4

hydrocarbon + O2 -> CO2 + H2O

Question 5

what is the alkene functional group?

Answer 5

C double bond C

Question 6

what is the reaction of bromine water and alkenes?

Answer 6

goes from orange to colourless

Question 7

how do you make an alochol?

Answer 7

alkene + H2O -> alcohol
(needs catalyst)

Question 8

how to make an alkane

Answer 8

alkene + H2 -> alkane, hydrogenation

Question 9

what is the structure of a alcohol

Answer 9

CnH2n+1OH

Question 10

what is the alcohol functional gorup

Answer 10

OH

Question 11

whats reaction between alcohol and oxidising agent

Answer 11

alcohol + oxidising agent -> carboxylic acid + water

Question 12

does alcohol burn

Answer 12

in O2 and air

Question 13

whats the carboxylic acid functional group

Answer 13

COOH

Question 14

how do you make an ester

Answer 14

carboxylic acid + alcohol -> ester + water

Question 15

whats only ester you need to know

Answer 15

ethyl ethanoate

Question 16

whats vinegar?

Answer 16

ethanoic acid

Question 17

what happens to carboxylic acid in water

Answer 17

dissolves to form weak acid solution

Question 18

what are the conditions needed for cracking

Answer 18

steam/ catalyst and high temperatures

Question 19

what functional group do amino acids have?

Answer 19

amine (NH2) and carboxylic (COOH)

Question 20

when one type of amino acid reacts to form a polymer via condensation polymerisation what is it called

Answer 20

polypeptide

Question 21

when different amino acids react to from an ester whats it called?

Answer 21

proteins

Question 22

whats ester functional group

Answer 22

COO

Question 23

how to make a condensation polymer?

Answer 23

2 monomers types that have the 2 same functional group OR one monomer that has two different functional groups

Question 24

what does additional polymerisation involve?

Answer 24

monomers are alkene makes ploy(alkene)

Question 25

what is the word equation for a carbonate + carboxylic acid?

Answer 25

carboxylic salt + carbon dioxide + water

Question 26

what is the products of the reaction of sodium carbonate and ethanoic acid?

Answer 26

sodium ethanoate + carbon dioxide + water

Question 27

what happens when carboxylic acids dissolve in water?

Answer 27

they partially ionise and release H+ ions resulting in an weak acidic solution

Question 28

how to make an alchohol?

Answer 28

alkene + H2O (Steam) -> alcohol NEEDS CATALYST

Question 29

what is the product when ethene reacts with bromine?

Answer 29

dibromoethene

Question 30

state how ethanol is made

Answer 30

fermentation

Question 31

what is the word equation for fermentation?

Answer 31

glucose -yeast> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 32

what are the conditions for fermentation?

Answer 32

37 degrees, slightly acidic solution and under anaerobic conditions

Question 33

is alcohol soluble, what does it form?

Answer 33

soluble in water, solutions have neutral pH

Question 34

how to make carboxylic acid?

Answer 34

alcohols + O2 oxidising

Question 35

what monomer is DNA made of?

Answer 35

nucleotides

Question 36

what monomer is proteins made of?

Answer 36

amino acids

Question 37

what monomer is polysaccharides made of up?

Answer 37

sugars

Question 38

what are the uses of alcohol?

Answer 38

- fuels - antiseptics

Question 39

what are the uses of esters?

Answer 39

- non toxic - nice smell for perfumes - food flavouring

Question 40

what is the product of propene and iodine?

Answer 40

diiodopropane (bromo, chloro, iodo)

Question 41

how to make alkane?

Answer 41

alkene + hydrogen gas -> alkane

Question 42

how can ethene be produced from ethanol?

Answer 42

dehydration of ethanol