C7 - Organic Chemistry

Question 1

Why are Alkanes saturated compounds

Answer 1

Each carbon atom forms four single covalent bond

Question 2

Equation for Methane

Answer 2

CH.4

Question 3

Equation for Ethane

Answer 3

C.2H.6

Question 4

Equation for Propane

Answer 4

C.3 H.8

Question 5

Equation for Butane

Answer 5

C.4H.10

Question 6

Properties of Shorter carbon chain

Answer 6

More viscous
Lower boiling points
More flammable

Question 7

Why are hydrocarbons used as fuels

Answer 7

Due to releasing large amounts of energy in complete combustion

Question 8

What is crude oil

Answer 8

Mixture of hydrocarbons

Question 9

Where do long chain hydrocarbons go in fractional distillation

Answer 9

Bottom due to having high boiling points

Question 10

Where do the very short chain hydrocarbons go in fractional distillation

Answer 10

Through the top as gas

Question 11

What is feedstock

Answer 11

Chemical that is used to make other chemicals

Question 12

Types of Feedstock

Answer 12

Solvents
Lubricants
Detergents
Polymers

Question 13

How to test for alkenes

Answer 13

Alkene and bromine water goes orange to colourless

Question 14

Ethane Formula

Answer 14

C2H4

Question 15

Propane Formula

Answer 15

C.3H.6

Question 16

Butane Formula

Answer 16

C.4H.8

Question 17

Pentane Formula

Answer 17

C.5H.10

Question 18

Why are alkenes unsaturated

Answer 18

Alkenes have 2 less hydrogens than an alkane with the same number of carbons

Question 19

What makes alkenes reactive

Answer 19

Carbon double bond turning into single bond and bonding with other atoms

Question 20

Complete Combustion equation

Answer 20

Hydrocarbon + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 21

Incomplete Combustion equation

Answer 21

Alkene + Oxygen -> Carbon + Carbon Monoxide + Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 22

What is addition of hydrogen called

Answer 22

Hydrogenation

Question 23

What form must water be in during hydration

Answer 23

Steam

Question 24

What must the temperature and pressure be during hydration

Answer 24

300 degrees
70 atmospheres

Question 25

What is used in hydration to speed up reaction

Answer 25

Catalyst

Question 26

What type of reaction is hydration

Answer 26

Reversible

Question 27

Ethene reaction with Bromine

Answer 27

Dibromoethane

Question 28

Ethene reaction with Iodine

Answer 28

Diiodoethane

Question 29

Ethene reaction with Chlorine

Answer 29

Dichloropropane

Question 30

General formula for alcohol

Answer 30

C.nH.2n+1OH

Question 31

Methanol Formula

Answer 31

CH.3OH

Question 32

Ethanol Formula

Answer 32

C.2H.5OH

Question 33

Propanol Formula

Answer 33

C.3H.7OH

Question 34

Butanol Formula

Answer 34

C.4H.9OH

Question 35

2 ways to make ethanol

Answer 35

Hydration and Fermentation

Question 36

Conditions for Fermentation

Answer 36

Yeast 30 degrees Anaerobic Conditions

Question 37

Equation for fermentation

Answer 37

Glucose --(yeast + 30C)--> ethanol + carbon dioxide

Question 38

2 Advantages of Fermentation

Answer 38

Low temp = low energy Sugar comes from plants so is renewable

Question 39

Disadvantage of Fermentation

Answer 39

Product is an aqueous solution

Question 40

Methanoic acid Formula

Answer 40

HCOOH

Question 41

Ethanoic acid Formula

Answer 41

CH.3COOH

Question 42

Propanoic acid Formula

Answer 42

CH.3CH.2COOH

Question 43

Butanoic acid Formula

Answer 43

CH.3CH.2CH.2COOH

Question 44

Carboxylic acid reaction with metal carbonate

Answer 44

Carboxylic acid + Metal carbonate -> Salt + Carbon Dioxide +Water

Question 45

Carboxylic acid reaction with alcohol

Answer 45

Ester and water

Question 46

Use for esters

Answer 46

Smell in foods

Question 47

What are the monomers in addition polymers

Answer 47

Alkenes

Question 48

Amino group formula

Answer 48

NH.2

Question 49

Carboxyl group formula

Answer 49

COOH

Question 50

Glycerine formula

Answer 50

H.2NCH.2COOH

Question 51

What is a polypeptide

Answer 51

Polymer of just one type of amino acid

Question 52

What is a protein

Answer 52

Polymer of different amino acids in the same chain

Question 53

What are nucleotides

Answer 53

Monomers