C8 - Periodic Table

Question 1

Describe the periodic table

Answer 1

An arrangement of elements in periods and groups in order of increasing atomic number

Question 2

Where on the periodic table are the metals

Answer 2

Left side

Question 3

Where on the periodic table are the non-metals

Answer 3

Right side

Question 4

Where on the periodic table are the transition metals

Answer 4

In the middle

Question 5

Describe the change from metallic to non-metallic across a period

Answer 5

The valence for metals is 1-2, while non-metals are 6-7 valence electrons. The tendency to loose electrons decreases.

Question 6

Why do elements in the same group share similar properties

Answer 6

The elements in the same group have similar chemical properties because they have the same valence shell electron configuration (same no. Of outer shell electrons)

Question 7

What name is group one of the periodic table otherwise known as

Answer 7

Alkali metals

Question 8

What are the trends in group one metals

Answer 8

• relatively soft metals
• decreasing melting point
• increasing density
  Increasing reactivity with water

Question 9

Give an example of an element in group one

Answer 9

Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium

Question 10

Does group one get more or less reactive as you go down the group?

Answer 10

More reactive

Question 11

Give an example of an element in group seven

Answer 11

Fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, astatine

Question 12

What is another name for group seven

Answer 12

Halogens

Question 13

What are the general trends of group seven

Answer 13

• increasing density
• decreasing reactivity

Question 14

What is the colour and state of matter of chlorine at room temperature

Answer 14

Pale yellow-green gas

Question 15

What is the colour and state of matter of bromine at room temperature

Answer 15

A red-brown liquid

Question 16

What is the colour and state of matter of iodine

Answer 16

A grey-black solid

Question 17

What is a halide ion

Answer 17

A halogen atom with a negative charge

Question 18

explain the displacement reactions of halogens with other halide ions

Answer 18

Displacement occurs when a more reactive halogen replaces a less reactive halide in a compound.

Question 19

Describe transition elements as metals that…

Answer 19

• Have a high density
• Have high melting points
• Form coloured compounds
• Often act as catalysts as elements and in compounds

Question 20

What is another name for group eight

Answer 20

Noble gases

Question 21

Describe group eight

Answer 21

• unreactive
• monoatomic (one atom) gases
• valence is zero (full outer shell)
• colorless gas

Question 22

Define valence electrons

Answer 22

The number of outer shell electrons

Question 23

Define valency

Answer 23

The number of electrons it’s atom loses, gains or shares to form a compound

Question 24

What is an ion

Answer 24

An ion is a charge, particle. Metals form positive ions (cations), non-metals form negative ions (anions)

Question 25

List some physical properties of metals

Answer 25

-lustrous -good conductors -high melting point -high density -malleable -ductile -usually solid at room temperature -opaque as a thin sheet -sonorous

Question 26

List some physical properties of non-metals

Answer 26

-dull -poor conductors -nonductile -brittle -may be solids, liquids or gases at room temp - transparent as a thin sheet -not sonorous

Question 27

Why do alkali metals get more reactive as you go down the group?

Answer 27

Because the atom gets larger; the outer shell is further away from the nucleus so attraction is weaker and therefore makes it easy for the electrons to get lost

Question 28

why do halogens get less reactive as you go down the group

Answer 28

The atomic mass of the halogens increases (increase in electron shells) so the atoms are larger and attract less electrons to the outer shell

Question 29

Metal + water —>

Answer 29

Metal hydroxide + hydrogen

Question 30

Metal + halogen —>

Answer 30

Metal halide

Question 31

Metal + oxygen —>

Answer 31

Metal oxide

Question 32

What does amphoteric mean?

Answer 32

Something that reacts as both an acid and a base