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Paper 1 Chem Physical and Inorganic > C9 G2 Metals > Flashcards

C9 G2 Metals Flashcards

1
Q

What are the Group 2 elements called?

A

Alkaline earth metals

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2
Q

What elements do they form?

A

+2 elements

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3
Q

What happens to the atomic radius as we go down the group?

A

It increases due to the addition of extra shells

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4
Q

What happens to 1st ionisation energy as we go down the group?

A

The ionisation energy decreases as we go down the group due to increased shielding so there is a weaker attraction between the nucleus and the outer electron so less energy is needed to remove the outer electron

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5
Q

What happens to the Melting points as we go down the group?

A

It decreases as we go down the group however magnesium is an exception due to its differing structure

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6
Q

What Structure do group 2 elements form?

A

They form metallic structure where the positive metal ions are attracted and surrounded by a sea of delocalised electrons

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7
Q

What happens to the size of the metal ion as we go down the group?

A

The size of the metal ion increases but the number of delocalised electrons remains the same

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8
Q

Why do larger ions have a weaker attractive force?

A

The distance between the + nuclei in metal ions and delocalised electrons is greater weakening the attractive forces

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9
Q

What do Group 2 metals form when they react with water?

A

They form bases which are known as metal hydroxides

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10
Q

Write the equation for the reaction of strontium with water

A

Sr(s)+2H2O(l) arrow Sr(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

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11
Q

Why does magnesium react with steam instead of water?

A

Magnesium is an exception as it reacts slowly with cold water but more vigorously with steam producing magnesium oxide

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12
Q

What is the equation when magnesium reacts with steam?

A

Mg(s) + H2O(g) arrow MgO(s) + H2

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13
Q

Name the observations when magnesium reacts with steam

A

Magnesium burns to produce a bright white flame and produces a white powder

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14
Q

What is the general rule for negative ions with a double charge for group 2 compound solubility?

A

They become less soluble as you go down the group

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15
Q

What is the general rule for negative ions with a single charge for group 2 compound solubility?

A

They become more soluble as you go down the group

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16
Q

What compound neutralises acidic soils?

A

Ca(OH)2

17
Q

What compound neutralises stomach acid and why?

A

Mg(OH)2 is used to neutralise stomach acid due to excess stomach acid being formed

18
Q

What is a use of barium sulfate (BaSO4)?

A

It is used as medical tracers in X rays

19
Q

How comes Barium sulfate is toxic but does not cause harm to the body?

A

This is due to the fact that barium sulfate is insoluble therefore the bodies bloodstream cannot absorb this

20
Q

Describe the test for sulfates and the reagent used?

A

BaCl2 is used
1. Add HCl to remove any carbonates in. These could ppt out after adding BaCl2 giving a fake result
2. Add BaCl2
3. White ppt formed is any sulfates are present

21
Q

What is the ionic equation for Barium sulfate?

A

Ba2+(aq) + SO42- (aq) arrow BaSO4 (s)

22
Q

Describe the processes that occurs for the extraction of titanium?

A

1.Titanium dioxide is converted to titanium tetrachloride by heating carbon and chlorine gas
2.Titanium tetrachloride is passed through a fractional distillation column to increase purity
3. Purified Titanium tetrachloride is reduced using magnesium in a 1000* furnace

23
Q

What is the equation for the extraction of titanium?

A

TiCl4 + 2Mg arrow Ti + 2MgCl2

24
Q

Describe the process for the removal of sulfur dioxide?

A

Use either calcium oxide or calcium carbonate to remove the emissions via wet scrubbing. This is when an alkali is used to neutralise sulfur dioxide in the gases

25
Q

What product is produced after the removal of sulfur dioxide?

A

Calcium sulfite

26
Q

What is the equation for the removal of sulfur dioxide via calcium carbonate?

A

CacO3 (s) + 2H2O (l) + SO2 (g) arrow CaSO3 (s) + 2H2O (l) + CO2 (g)

27
Q

What is the equation for the removal of sulfur dioxide via calcium oxide?

A

CaO (s) + 2H2O (l) + SO2 (g) arrow CaSO3 (s) + 2H2O (l)

28
Q

Why does reactivity of water increase down the group?

A

Atoms get larger and electron is further from the nucleus so its easier to remove hence more reactive. More shielding

Paper 1 Chem Physical and Inorganic (5 decks)

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