Caitlin Hi Yield Flashcards
(97 cards)
1
Q
Triple therapy for G- curved urease + rod
A
Amoxicillin
Clarithromycin
PPI (e.g. Prilosec)
(+ Bismuth, if Quadruple therapy)
Clarissa the stripper is gonna exterminate your h. Pylori
2
Q
Meningitis txs
A
Vancomycin: broad spectrum
Ceftriaxone (3rd gen cephalosporin): for neisseria meningitidis; HENPECKS
Ampicillin: for Listeria (young and old)
3
Q
Pregnant women with + Strep Agalactiae culture receive what prophylaxis?
A
Penicillin
4
Q
ABCDEFG of Diptheria
A
A: ADP-ribosylation B: B-prophage C: Corynebacterium D: Diptheria E: EF-2/ ELEK Test G: Granules (red/blue)
5
Q
Spore Forming Bacteria
A
Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) Bacillus cereus (Reheated rice syndrome) Coxiella burnetti (Q Fever, animal placenta)
Clostridium botulinum (floppy baby) Clostridium perfringens (Gas gangrene) Clostridium tetani (Lock jaw, Risus Sardonicus)
6
Q
MOA C. tetani
A
blocks glycine and GABA release (inhibits Inhibitory NTs)
7
Q
MOA C. botulinum
A
toxin inhibits ACh release at NMJ
8
Q
Tx. for C. diff
A
Metronidazole or Vanco (PO)
9
Q
Only bacterium with a polypeptide capsule
A
Bacillus anthracis
10
Q
3 Factors of Anthrax
A
1) Protective Ag: carries EF and LF, penetrates cells
2) Edema Factor (EF): induces cAMP; PA + EF –> edema
3) Lethal Factor (LF): PA + LF –> death
11
Q
Tx. pulmonary anthrax
A
Doxy and Cipro
12
Q
What would you see on CXR of pulmonary anthrax?
A
“ground glass” and mediastinal widening
13
Q
Tumbling motility and Actin Rockets
A
Listeria monocytogenes
14
Q
sulfur granules, G+anaerobe. How would you treat?
A
Penicillin –> Actinomyces
15
Q
acid fast G+ aerobe found in soil. How would you treat?
A
Sulfonamides –> Nocardia
16
Q
Why are obligate anaerobes susceptible?
A
Lack catalase/superoxide dismutase
17
Q
Why aminoglycosides ineffective against obligate anaerobes?
A
Require O2 to enter into cell
18
Q
Prophylactic treatment of mycobacterium avium intracellulare non-TB disease
A
Azithromycin
19
Q
Primary virulence factor of TB and what does it do?
A
Cord factor. Inhibits macrophage maturation and induces TNFa release
20
Q
Diffuse skin sores caused by acid fast bacillus that likes cool temperatures. What is immune response like?
A
Low cell-mediated immunity with TH2 response
21
Q
Diffuse skin sores caused by acid fast bacillus that likes cool temperatures. Treatment?
A
Dapsone + Rifampin + Clofazimine
2-3 yrs
22
Q
Few hairless skin plaques caused by acid fast bacillus that likes cool temperatures. What is immune response like?
A
High cell-mediated immunity with TH1 response
23
Q
Few hairless skin plaques caused by acid fast bacillus that likes cool temperatures. Treatment?
A
Dapsone + Rifampin
6 mo.
24
Q
G(-)Comma shaped Oxidase+ bacteria that grows in 42C temp
A
C. jejuni
25
G(-)Comma shaped Oxidase+ bacteria that grows in alkaline media
Vibrio cholerase
26
G(-) maltose-non-fermenting diplococci
N. gonorrhea
27
G(-) maltose-fermenting diplococci
N. meningitidis
28
G(-)R lactose nonfermenters
```
Psuedomonas
Proteus
Pylori (H.)
Salmonella
Shigella
```
29
Name G(-)R lactose fermenters. What would you grow them in?
E. Coli
Kleb
Serratia
MacConkey agar
30
How would lactose fermenters present on EMB agar?
Purple/black colonies
31
G(-) maltose-fermenting diplococci infection found on your significant other. What will the doctor prescribe to you?
Cipro
Ceftriaxone
Rifampin
32
G(-) maltose-fermenting diplococci infection found on your significant other. What will the doctor prescribe her?
Ceftriaxone
| Penicillin G
33
G(-) maltose-non-fermenting diplococci infection found on you. What will the doctor prescribe?
Ceftriaxone +
| Azithromycin/Doxy (for chlamydia co-infection)
34
G(-)R meningitis infection dx.'d with factors V and X. What would you treat with?
Ceftriaxone
35
G(-)R meningitis infection dx.'d with factors V and X. What would you treat close contacts with?
Rifampin
36
G(-)R aerosol transmission from water source. What stain and agar would you use?
Silver stain.
| BCYE + Iron + Cysteine
37
G(-)R aerosol transmission from water source. What meds would you use to treat?
Macrolide/Quinolone
38
Pseudomonas mnemonic
```
P:neumonia (cystic fibrosis pts. - biofilm!)
S:epsis (black skin lesions)
E:xternal otitis (swimmer's ear)
U:TIs
D:rug use/Diabetic-
O:stemyelitis
```
-Hot tub folliculitis
39
Tx. pseudomonas
Aminoglycoside + extended spectrum Penicillin (Piperacillin/Ticarcillin)
40
Mechanism of EIEC
| Causes what?
Invades intestines
| Causes necrosis and inflammation
41
Mechanism of ETEC
| Causes what?
Labile and stabile toxins cause damage
| Causes Traveler's diarrhea
42
Mechanism of EPEC
| Causes what?
Apical surface adhere to flatten villi
| Pediatrics diarrhea
43
Mechanism of EHEC
| Causes what?
Shiga-like Toxin and Mechanical hemolysis, reducing renal blood flow
HUS (Thrombocytopenia, Anemia, Renal failure)
Dysentery
44
How does EHEC differ from other E. coli?
Does not ferment sorbitol
45
4 A's of Klebsiella
A-spiration pneumonia
A-bscesses in liver and lungs
A-lcoholics and
di-A-betics
46
Salmonella Quick Facts
- swim (flagella) through blood in an animal (salmon)
- H2S + (salmon swim UP stream, think +)
- Invades intestines
- MONOcytes (replicates inside the mucosa cells)
- Bloody diarrhea
- Lactose NON-fermenter (salmon isn't sweet)
47
Shigella Quick Facts
- cell to cell ("LL" adjacent to each other) only in humans/primates
- H2S - (i looks like a minus sign sideways)
- Invades intestines too
- NEUtrophils (because it rips mucosa cells open)
- Bloody diarrhea
- Lactose NON-fermenter (bloody diarrhea isn't sweet)
48
Comma shaped, Oxidase +, 42 degrees.
Transmission?
Sources?
Related diseases?
- Fecal-oral
- Chicken, meat, unpasteurized milk
- Guillain Barre & Reactive Arthritis
49
Comma shaped, Oxidase +, Alkaline media
MOA?
Disease?
- Activates Gs and increases cAMP
| - Rice water diarrhea
50
Cause of Mesenteric Adenitis
| Sources?
Yersinia enterocolitica
| - pet poop, contaminated milk, pork
51
Spirochete-shaped bacteria
Borrelia
Leptospira
Treponema
Spyro the Dragon loves BLT sandwiches from subway.
52
Weil's Disease signs and symptoms?
| Causative agent's transmission?
- azotemia + jaundice, hemorrhage, fever, and anemia
| - direct contact with animal urine
53
Treatment for a condition presenting with Facial n. palsy, arthritis, cardiac block, and erythema migrans
Amoxicillin
Ceftriaxone
Doxycycline
"Lyme"s are ACiDic, but you have to have some "moxie" to "try" it at the "docks"
54
Arthropod vector for Endemic Relapsing Fever
Soft Tick
"RusTICK Cabin setting is SOFT and warm"
55
Arthropod vector for Epidemic Relapsing Fever. Treatment?
Louse/Lice
I "PiTy" those in Ethiopia, Rwanda, and Sudan, traypped in "Pens" and trying to get out of that vicious "cycle".
56
Maculopapular palmar and sole rash with condylomata lata. What diagnostic tests would be helpful?
Screen: VDRL
Confirm: FTA-Abs
Treponemes can be directly visualized on Dark-Field Microscopy
57
Gummas, vasa vasorum destruction, tabes dorsalis, and pupils that accommodate but do not react (Argyll Robertson). DOC?
Penicillin G
58
Causes of False + VDRL?
V - viruses (hep and mono)
D - drugs
R - rheumatic fever
L - lupus & leprosy
59
What is the Jarish-Herxheimer reaction?
Flu-like symptoms post -ABX started
60
Glanders
| Tx?
Burkholderia Mallei
Amoxicillin, Clavulanate, Doxy, TMP-SMX
61
Meliodosis/Whitmore disease
| Tx?
Burkholderia Pseudomallei
Amoxicillin, Clavulanate, Doxy, TMP-SMX
62
Regional lymphadenopathy, bacillary angiomatosis causative agent?
Bartonella henselae --> Cat Scratch Disease
63
Unpasteurized dairy, aborted fetuses, inhalation of aerosols. causative agent?
DOC?
Doxy + Rifampin
64
Zoonotic bloody diarrhea transmitted by ingestion of undercooked meat
Campylobacter
65
Treatment of disease caused by inhaling aerosols of animals
Doxy
66
Lone Star tick pathogen
Erlichia chaffeensis
67
Dry cough, dyspnea, chest pain, lobar pneumonia caused by G(-) rod and dx. using BCYE
Francisella tularensis
68
Animal bite of cats or dogs causing cellulitis, osteomyelitis caused by what:?
Pasteurella multocida
69
Dermacentor tick bite; Rocky mountain spotted fever caused by what?
Rickettsia rickettsii
70
Gram(-) Rod with Oxidase -; cold enrichment
| What would you see on tests?
Bi-polar safety-pin staining
71
Treatment for fishy, gray vaginal discharge with Clue cells.
Metronidazole
72
Severe bone pain in back and legs with high fever and rash reoccurring q5d. Lice vector.
Pathogen?
Tx?
Bartonella quintana
Doxycycline, Erythromycin
73
Acute presentation:anemia, myalgia, arthralgia. Ecuador and Colombia. Chronic with cutaneous nodules. Sand Fly vector.
Dz?
Pathogen?
Tx?
Oroya Fever/Carrion Disease
Bartonella bacilliformis
Doxycycline, Chloramphenicol
74
Tx for all rickettsial diseases?
Doxycycline (just like Lyme Dz)
75
Centripetal rash starting at wrists and ankles, then spreads to trunk, palm, soles. G(-)R. Causative Agent?
Rickettsia rickettsii
76
Centripetal rash starting at wrists and ankles, then spreads to trunk, palm, soles. G(-)R. Best diagnostic modality?
Serology: detects Abs
77
Centripetal rash starting at wrists and ankles, then spreads to trunk, palm, soles. Disease?
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
78
Endemic typhus vector
Fleas
79
Endemic typhus causative agent
Rickettsia Typhi
80
Epidemic Typhus vector
Lice and Flying squirrels
81
Epidemic typus causative agent
Rickettsia prowazekii
82
Complication/reactivation of disease caused by Rickettsia prowazekii
Brill Zinsser Disease
83
Monocytes with morula in cytoplasm
| Causative agent?
Erlichia
84
Leukopenia, Thrombocytopenia, Rash, Eastern United states. Likely Causative agent?
Erlichia
85
Granulocytes with morula in cytoplasm. Causative agent?
Anaplasma
86
Asian male presents with fever, myalgia, flat maculopapular rash with scab at bite. Chigger vector. Causative agent?
Orientia Tsutsugamushi
87
Elementary "entering" body. Causative agent?
Chlamydia
88
Reticulate "replicative" body. Causative agent?
Chlamydia
89
What does the chlamydial cell wall lack?
Muramic acid
90
Atypical pneumonia. Avian reservoir. Causative agent?
Chlamydophila psittaci
91
Tx for chalmydia
Azithromycin or Doxycycline
92
Chlamydia Trachomatis Serotype ABC Causes?
Africa
Blindness
Chronic infection
93
Chlamydia Trachomatis Serotype D-K causes?
Urethritis/PID
Ectopic pregnancy
Neonatal pneumonia or conjunctivitis
94
Chalmydia Trachomatis L1, L2, L3 causes?
Lymphogranuloma venereum
95
Walking pneumonia seen in military or prisons.. Diffuse interstitial infiltrate, but no productive cough. High Cold Agglutinins (IgM). Growth medium of choice?
Eaton Agar
96
Walking pneumonia seen in military or prisons. Diffuse interstitial infiltrate, but no productive cough. High Cold Agglutinins (IgM). Tx. of choice?
Macrolide or Fluoroquinolone
97
Walking pneumonia seen in military or prisons. Diffuse interstitial infiltrate, but no productive cough. High Cold Agglutinins (IgM). Causative agent?
Mycoplasma pneumonia
