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APEX / SEE Exam - 2023 > Calculations > Flashcards

Calculations Flashcards

1
Q

A-a Gradient

A

PAO2 - PaO2
[Alveolar oxygen pressure - arterial oxygen pressure]

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2
Q

Alveolar Gas Equation

A

PAO2 = FiO2 * (P atmosphere - P water vapor) - [PaCO2 / RQ]

PAO2 = FiO2 * (760 mmHg - 47 mmHg) - [PaCO2 / 0.8]

PAO2 = FiO2 * (713 mmHg) - [PaCO2 / 0.8]

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3
Q

Dynamic Compliance

A

Dynamic Compliance (Cdyn) = Tidal volume / [Peak Pressure - PEEP]

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4
Q

Minute Ventilation

A

MV = RR * TV

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5
Q

Calculation to predict PaO2 by age

A

110 - (age * 0.4)

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6
Q

Reynold’s Number

A

R = [Velocity * Density * Diameter] / Viscosity

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7
Q

Static Compliance

A

Static Compliance (Cstat) = TV / [Plateau Pressure - PEEP]

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8
Q

Transpulmonary Pressure

A

TPP = Alveolar Pressure - Pleural Pressure

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9
Q

Transthoracic Pressure

A

TTP = Pleural Pressure - Atmospheric Pressure

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10
Q

Dead Space to Tidal Volume Ratio
Vd / Vt Ratio

A

Vd / Vt

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11
Q

Cardiac Output

A

CO = HR * SV

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12
Q

Coronary Perfusion Pressure

A

CPP = DBP - LVEDP (or PAOP)

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13
Q

Ejection Fraction

A

EF = [End-Diastolic Volume - End-Systolic Volume] / End-Diastolic Volume

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14
Q

Fick Principle

A

CO = (VO2 / [CaO2 - CvO2]) * 100

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15
Q

Law of LaPlace (Cylinder)

A

Wall Tension (Cylinder) = [Pressure * Radius] / Wall Thickness

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16
Q

Law of LaPlace (Sphere)

A

Wall Tension (Sphere) = [Pressure * Radius] / [2 * Wall Thickness]

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17
Q

Maximum Allowable Blood Loss

A

ABL = EBV * ([starting HgB - target Hgb] / starting Hgb)

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18
Q

Mean Arterial Pressure

A

MAP = [SBP + (2*DBP)] / 3

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19
Q

Oxygen Carrying Capacity
CaO2

A

CaO2 = (Hgb * SaO2 * 1.34) + (PaO2 * 0.003)

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20
Q

Oxygen Delivery
DO2

A

DO2 = (Hgb * SaO2 * 1.34) + (PaO2 * 0.003) * CO * 10

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21
Q

Oxygen Extraction Ratio
ER

A

ER = Oxygen consumption / Oxygen delivery

22
Q

Poiseuille’s Law
Flow

A

Flow = (pi * Radius^4 * deltaP) / (8 * viscosity * length)

23
Q

Pulmonary Vascular Resistance

A

PVR = [(Mean PA Pressure - PAOP) / CO] * 80

PAOP = pulmonary artery occlusion pressure

24
Q

Pulse Pressure

A

SBP - DBP

25
Q

Systemic Vascular Resistance

A

SVR = [(MAP - CVP) / CO] * 80

26
Q

Stroke Volume (2 equations)

A

SV = (CO * 1000) / HR

SV = End-Diastolic Volume - End-Systolic Volume

27
Q

ETT Size for Children (Uncuffed)

A

uncuffed ETT size = [age / 4] + 4

28
Q

ETT Size for Children (Cuffed)

A

cuffed ETT size = [age / 4] + 3.5

29
Q

O2 Remaining in Oxygen E-Cylinder

2 Steps

A

Step 1
Tank Capacity (L) / Full Tank Pressure (psi) = Contents Remaining (L) / Gauge Pressure (psi)

      660 L / 1900 psi = contents remaining (L) / gauge pressure (psi)

Step 2
Contents Remaining (L) / Flow Rate (L/min) = Minutes Left

30
Q

Fraction of Inspired Oxygen

A

FiO2 = [(oxygen flow rate * 100) + (air flow rate * 21) / total flow rate]

31
Q

3 Types of Gas Tanks

A
  1. air
  2. oxygen
  3. nitrous oxide
32
Q

Air Gas Tank
volume / pressure / pin

A

Air Tank
volume = 625 L
pressure = 1900 psig
pin = 1-5

33
Q

Oxygen Gas Tank
volume / pressure / pin

A

Oxygen Tank
volume = 660 L
pressure = 1900 psig
pin = 2-5

34
Q

Nitrous Oxide Gas Tank
volume / pressure / pin

A

Nitrous Oxide Tank
volume = 1590 L
pressure = 745 psig
pin = 3-5

35
Q

Cerebral Perfusion Pressure

A

CPP = MAP - ICP

CPP = MAP - CVP (or ICP, whichever is higher)

36
Q

Anion Gap

A

Anion gap = [Na+] - ([Cl-] + [HCO3-])

37
Q

Plasma Osmolarity

A

plasma osmolarity = (2 * [Na+]) + (glucose / 18) + (BUN / 2.8)

38
Q

What are the 4 gas laws

A
  1. Boyle’s Law
  2. Gay Lussac’s Law
  3. Charles’ Law
  4. Ideal Gas Law
39
Q

Boyle’s Law

A

P1 * V1 = P2 * V2

40
Q

Gay Lussac’s Law

A

P1 / T1 = P2 / T2

41
Q

Charles’ Law

A

V1 / T1 = V2 / T2

42
Q

Ideal Gas Law

A

pressure * volume = # moles * 0.0821 * temperature

PV = nRT

pressure in atm * volume in L = # mol * 0.0821 * temp in K

43
Q

Celsius

A

C = (F - 32) * (5/9)

44
Q

Dalton’s Law

A

P total = P1 + P2 + P3 …

45
Q

Farenheit

A

F = (C * 1.8) + 32

46
Q

Henderson - Hasselbalch

A

pH = pK + log [HCO3- / (0.03 * PaCO2)]

47
Q

Henry’s Law

A

PP = constant * concentration

48
Q

Inverse Square Law

A

Intensity = 1 / Distance^2

49
Q

Volume of Distribution

A

Vd = dose in mg / concentration in mg/L

Vd = amount of drug in the body / plasma drug concentration

50
Q

Half Life

A

Half-life = Vd / rate of clearance

APEX / SEE Exam - 2023 (2 decks)

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