CALCULATIONS & CONVERSIONS Flashcards
1
Q
1/3 + 1/6 = ?
A
6 is a multiple of 3.
Multiply 1/3 x 2 to get common denominator.
1 x 2 = 2 3 x 2 = 6 1/3 x 2 = 2/6
Then add. 2/6 + 1/6 = 3/6
2
Q
4/12 - 1/6 = ?
A
12 is a multiple of 6.
Multiply 1/6 x 2 to get common denominator 12.
1 x 2 = 2 6 x 2 = 12 1/6 x 2 = 2/12
Then subtract. 4/12 - 2/12 = 2/12
3
Q
1/3 + 3/9 =
A
6/9
4
Q
3/4 + 1/8 =
A
7/8
5
Q
8/16 - 1/4 =
A
4/16
6
Q
3/16 + 5/4
A
23/16
7
Q
15/16 - 1/8 =
A
13/16
8
Q
2/3 + 1/12 =
A
9/12
9
Q
9/10 - 1/5 =
A
7/10
10
Q
12/14 - 3/7 =
A
6/14
11
Q
9/30 + 4/10 =
A
21/30
12
Q
2/6 x 5/7 =
A
10/42
13
Q
5/10 x 6/8 =
A
30/80
14
Q
3/8 x 2/3 =
A
6/24
15
Q
5/12 x 1/3 =
A
5/36
16
Q
5/3 x 1/6 =
A
5/18
17
Q
3/9 x 2/4 =
A
6/36
18
Q
2/8 x 3/4 =
A
6/32
19
Q
2/4 x 1/3 =
A
2/12
20
Q
9/10 x 5/8 =
A
45/80
21
Q
1/8 ÷ 5/6 =
A
6/40
22
Q
9/10 ÷ 3/4 =
A
36/30
23
Q
2/4 ÷ 3/7 =
A
14/12
24
Q
3/5 ÷ 7/4 =
A
12/35
25
7/12 ÷ 1/9 =
63/12
26
6/3 ÷ 7/8 =
48/21
27
2/7 ÷ 3/8 =
16/21
28
9/12 ÷ 3/8 =
72/36
29
1/5 ÷ 2/7 =
7/10
30
Name the three main systems of measurement used in Pharmacy.
Metric, Apothecary, and Avoirdupois
31
Name the units used to describe Volume in the Avoirdupois System.
Teaspoon, tablespoon, ounce, pint, quart, gallon.
32
Name the units used to describe Weight in the Avoirdupois System.
Ounce and pound.
33
Name the units used to describe Volume in the Metric System.
Microliter, milliliter, liter
34
Name the units used to describe Weight in the Metric System.
Microgram, milligram, gram, kilogram.
35
Name the units used to describe Volume in the Apothecary System.
Minim, and fluidounce.
36
Name the units used to describe Weight in the Apothecary System.
Grain.
37
True or False
| The Apothecary pound is equal to the Avoirdupois pound.
False.
The are not equal.
38
```
Name the meanings of the following prefixes:
micro
milli
centi
deci
kilo
```
```
one millionth
one thousandth
one hundredth
one tenth
one thousand
```
39
Provide the appropriate metric conversion factors for the following:
```
1 mg = ____ mcg
___ g = 1000 mg
1 kg = ____ g
___ L = 1000 ml
300 mg = ____ g
1500 ml = ____ L
3 kg = ____ g
```
```
1 mg = 1000 mcg
1 g = 1000 mg
1 kg = 1000 g
1 L = 1000 ml
300 mg = 0.3 g
1500 ml = 1.5 L
3 kg = 3000 g
```
40
Provide the appropriate avoirdupois conversion factors for the following:
```
__ teaspoons (tsp) = 1 tablespoon (tbsp)
__ tbsp = 1 ounce (oz)
__ oz = 1 pint (pt)
__ pt = 1 quart (qt)
__ qt = 1 gallon (G)
__ oz = 1 pound (lb)
```
```
3 teaspoons (tsp) = 1 tablespoon (tbsp)
2 tbsp = 1 ounce (oz)
16 oz = 1 pint (pt)
2 pt = 1 quart (qt)
4 qt = 1 gallon (G)
16 oz = 1 pound (lb)
```
41
Convert the following measurements:
```
1 tsp = _____ ml
1 tbsp = _____ ml
1 oz = _____ ml
1 pt = _____ ml
1 G = _____ ml
```
```
1 tsp = 5 ml
1 tbsp = 15 ml
1 oz = 30 ml
1 pt = 480 ml
1 G = 3840 ml
```
42
Convert the following measurements:
```
1 g = _____ gr
1 gr = _____ mg
1 kg = _____ lb
1 lb = _____ g
1 oz = _____ g
```
```
1 g = 15.4 gr
1 gr = 60 mg
1 kg = 2.2 lb
1 lb = 454 g
1 oz = 30 g
```
43
Convert the following measurements when performing compounds:
```
1 oz = _____ ml
1 pt = _____ ml
1 G = _____ ml
1 gr = _____ mg
1 oz = _____ g
```
```
1 oz = 29.57 ml
1 pt = 473 ml
1 G = 3784 ml
1 gr = 64.8 mg
1 oz = 28.35 g
```
44
What does mEq stand for?
Milliequivalent = one thousandths of an Eq
45
1 Eq = ?
molecular salt weight ÷ ion charge
46
How many ml are in 2.3 oz?
69 ml
47
How many g are in 1.3 kg?
1300 g
Conversion: kg -> g
kg x g/kg = g
48
How many oz are in 2 kg?
70.4 oz
Conversion: kg -> lb, lb -> oz
kg x lb/kg x oz/lb = oz
49
How many L are in 60 oz?
1.8 L
Conversion: oz -> ml, ml -> L
oz x ml/oz x L/ml = L
50
How many mg are in 0.25 lb?
113,500 mg
Conversion: lb -> g, g -> mg
lb x g/lb x mg/g = mg
51
How many tsp are in 2 oz?
12 tsp
Conversion: oz -> ml, ml -> tsp
oz x ml/oz x tsp/ml = tsp
52
Calculate the dose for a patient of 110kg if the recommended dose is 40mg/kg qD.
110kg x 40mg/kg = 4,400mg dose qD
53
Calculate dose and daily dose
Patient weight = 80kg
Dose = 25mg/kg q8°
80kg x 25mg/kg = 2,000mg dose q8°
| 2,000mg x q8° = 6,000mg per day
54
Calculate daily dose.
Patient weight = 230lb
Dose = 45mg/kg TID
230lb x 1kg/2.2lb = 104.5kg
104. 5kg x 45mg/kg = 4,702.5mg TID
4702. 5mg x TID = 14,107.5 mg per day
55
Calculate per dose.
Patient weight = 77kg
Dose = 24mg/kg q6°
77kg x 24mg/kg = 1848 mg per dose
56
Calculate daily dose.
Patient weight = 135lb
Dose = 35mg/kg BID
135lb x 1kg/2.2lb = 61.4kg
61.4kg x 35mg/kg = 2149mg BID
2149mg x BID = 4298mg per day
57
Find tabs per day.
Patient weight = 198lbs.
Dose = 2mg/kg BID
tabs = 30mg
198lbs x 1kg/2.2lbs = 90kg
90kg x 2mg/kg = 180mg BID
180mg x BID = 360mg per day
360mg ÷ 30mg/tab = 12 tabs per day
58
Find daily dose in tsp.
Patient weight = 59lb
Dose = 12mg/kg/d
Concentration = 80mg/5ml
59lb x 1kg/2.2lb = 26.8kg
26.8kg x 12mg/kg = 321.60mg/d
X/321.60mg = 5ml/80mg 80mgX = 1608mgml
X = 20.1ml 20.1ml x 1 tsp/5ml = 4.02 tsp
4.02 rounded down = 4 tsp daily dose
59
Find tsp per dose and ml for 10 days
Patient weight = 120kg
Dose = 0.25mg/kg q6°
Concentration = 20mg/5ml
120kg x 0.25mg/kg = 30mg q6°
X/30mg = 5ml/20mg 20mgX = 150mgml X = 7.5ml
7.5ml x 1 tsp/5ml = 1.5 tsp per dose
7.5ml x q6° = 30ml/day x 10d = 300ml
60
Name the 2 major rules for figuring a pediatric dose.
Young's Rule and Clark's Rule
61
What is the difference between Young's Rule and Clark's Rule?
Young's Rule uses age.
| Clark's Rule uses weight.
62
Formula for Young's Rule
(Age in yrs) / (Age in yrs + 12) x adult dose
63
Formula for Clark's Rule
(Weight in lbs / 150) x adult dose
64
Find child's dose using Young's Rule and Clark's Rule.
Child's weight = 40lb
Child's age = 5yrs
Adult dose = 250mg
Young's Rule
(5) / (5+12) x 250mg = 73.5mg child's dose
Clark's Rule
(40lbs/150) x 250mg = 66.67mg child's dose
65
Find child's dose using Young's Rule and Clark's Rule.
Child's weight = 11.4kg
Child's age = 2yrs
Adult dose = 125mg
Young's Rule
(2) / (2+12) x 125mg = 17.9mg child's dose
Clark's Rule
11.4kg x 2.2lbs/kg = 25lbs
(25lbs/150) x 125mg = 20.8mg child's dose
66
Find child's dose using Young's Rule.
Child's age = 2
Adult dose = 80mg
2 / (2+12) x 80mg = 11.4mg child's dose
67
Find child's dose using Clark's Rule.
Child's weight = 48lbs
Adult dose = 400mg
(48lbs/150) x 400mg = 128mg child's dose
68
Define flow rate.
The speed at which an IV solution is delivered.
69
Flow Rate formula
Volume ÷ Time = Flow Rate
70
A patient receives 1 L of IV solution over a 3 hour period. What is the flow rate in ml/hr?
1000 ml / 3 hours = 333ml/hr
71
A patient receives 1 L of IV solution over a 3 hour period. What is the flow rate in ml/min?
1000 ml / (3hr x 60 min/hr) = 1000 ml / 180 min
| = 5.6 ml/min
72
How many hours should 1 L of D5W last when run at a flow rate of 125 ml/hr?
1000 ml / 125 ml/hr = 8 hours
73
Flow Rate formula solving for Time
Volume ÷ Rate = Time
74
Flow Rate formula solving for Volume
Rate x Time = Volume
75
How many ml would be needed to run an IV fluid at 60ml/hr for 12 hours?
60ml/hr x 12hr = 720 ml
76
Calculate flow rate in ml/min for a 500ml IV given over 45 minutes.
500 ml / 45min = 11.1ml/min
77
Calculate flow rate in ml/min for 1000ml of IV solution given over 2.5 hours.
2.5hr x 60min/hr = 150 min
| 1000ml / 150min = 6.67ml/min
78
How many ml must an IV contain in order to run at a rate of 100ml/hr for 8.3hr?
100ml/hr x 8.3hr = 830ml
79
How many L of IV fluid must be used to run an IV at 15ml/min for 8 hours?
8hr x 60min/hr = 480min
15ml/min x 480min = 7200ml
7200ml x 1L/1000ml = 7.2 L
80
How many hours would it take for a 500ml bag of NS to run out if administered at 2ml/min?
500ml / 2ml/min = 250min
| 250min x 1hr/60min = 4.17 hours
81
Name the 2 concepts central to delivering IV fluids.
Flow rate and dose per time.
82
1 g = ____ gr
1 g = 15.4 gr
83
1 pt = ____ ml
1 pt = 480 ml
84
1 lb = ____ g
1 lb = 454 g
85
1 oz = ____ ml
1 oz = 30 ml
86
1 G = ____ ml
1 G = 3840 ml
87
1 gr = ____ mg
1 gr = 60 mg
88
1 kg = ____ lb
1 kg = 2.2 lb
89
1 oz = ____ g
1 oz = 30 g
90
1 oz = ____ g (for compounding)
1 oz = 28.35 g
91
1 gr = ____ mg (for compounding)
1 gr = 64.8 mg
92
1 pt = ____ ml (for compounding)
1 pt = 473 ml
93
1 oz = ____ ml (for compounding)
1 oz = 29.57 ml
94
1 G = ____ ml (for compounding)
1 G = 3784 ml
95
How many qt in 1 G?
4 qt = 1 G
96
How many oz in 1 pt?
16 oz = 1 pt
97
How many tbsp in 1 oz?
2 tbsp = 1 oz
98
How many pt in 1 qt?
2 pt = 1 qt
99
How many oz in 1 lb?
16 oz = 1 lb
100
How many tsp in 1 tbsp?
3 tsp = 1 tbsp
101
To find Celsius from Fahrenheit:
(°F-32) x (5/9) = °C
102
To find Fahrenheit from Celsius:
°C x (9/5) + 32 = °F
103
5°C = __°F
41°F
104
86°F = __°C
30°C
105
40°C = __°F
104°F
106
78°F = __°C
25.6°C
107
88°F = __°C
31.1°C
108
98°F = __°C
36.7°C
109
39°F = __°C
3.9°C
110
9°C = __°F
48.2°F
111
25°C = __°F
77°F
112
18°C = __°F
64.4°F
113
65°F = __°C
18.3°C
114
Monthly gross sales = $100,000
Inventory = $300,000
How many turns is this per month and year?
300,000 / 100,000 = 3 months to turn inventory
| 12 / 3 = 4 turns/year
115
Gross monthly sales = $350,000
Inventory = $440,000
What are the turns per year?
440,000 / 350,000 = 1.26 months to turn inventory
| 12 / 1.26 = 9.5 turns/year
116
Item cost = $12.00
Sold for = $15.50
Calculate gross profit percent.
15.50 - 12.00 = 3.50 markup $
(3.50 / 12.00) x 100 = GP
GP = 29.17%
117
Item cost = $39.78
Sold for = $59.99
Calculate gross profit percent
59.99 - 39.78 = 20.21 markup $
(20.21 / 39.78) x 100 = GP
GP = 50.8%
