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California Flashcards

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1
Q

What factors effect the climate in California

A

Pacific Ocean - foggy pm, wind reduce fungal diseases
Diurnal range - slows ripening, acidity
Gaps in mountains range fog inland
California current - upwelling m low autumn rain - harvest later

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2
Q

Hazards growing grapes

A 
Drought - irrigation 
Wild fires
Spring frosts - sprinklers 
Wind
Pierces disease
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3
Q

Main black grapes varieties

A

Cab sav
Zinfandel
Merlot
P noir

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4
Q

Main white grapes

A

Chardonnay

Sav blanc

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5
Q

P noir winemaking trend

A

Harvest early
Whole bunch fermentation
Or some stems - tannins, aromas, complexity

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6
Q

Viticulture cab sav

A

Green harvest

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7
Q

Where is Chardonnay grown

A

Napa
Russian river valley
Low Carneros
Central Valley m

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8
Q

Where is cab sav grown

A

Napa

Central Valley

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9
Q

Style of cab sav from California

A

F body
Concentrated cassis
Spice new oak

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10
Q

Characteristics Zinfandel

A

Ripens unevenly

Ripens early

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11
Q

Style Zinfandel

A 
Premium M+ acidity
H abv
M to f body
Ripe m+ tannins
Raspberry blueberry blackberry 
Fresh and dried
American oak - vanilla

Inexpensive soft ripe jammy staves for oak flavours

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12
Q

Style of Zinfandel

A

Red and black fruits
Dried berries
F body h abv

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13
Q

Style merlot napa & sonoma

A

Soft velvet tannins
H abv
F body m
Plum blackberry

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14
Q

Where is merlot grown

A

Premium- Napa, sonoma, Santa Maria

Inexpensive- central valley

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15
Q

Which regions are know on for p noir

A

Russian river valley
Santa Maria
Low Carneros

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16
Q

Style of p noir California

A

Ripe red fruits

Sweet spuce

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17
Q

Most planted grape

A

Chardonnay

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18
Q

Style Chardonnay Central Valley

A 
Inexpensive 
Residual sugar
Fruity
M acidity 
Poss toast - staves
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19
Q

Style napa Chardonnay

A 
M to f body
H abv 
M acidity 
Oak hazelnut butter
Tropical stone

Recently less oak fresher & leaner

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20
Q

Coombville abs napa is where

A

Valley floor n napa just above los Carneros
Higher acidity area

Oakville same as above too

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21
Q

Which areas produce more restrained premium Chardonnay

A

Russian river valley

Los Carneros

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22
Q

Which areas produce best sav Blanc

A

Coastal

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23
Q

What are the 3 regions in California that contain the most well known Ava’s

A

North coast
Central coast
Central valley

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24
Q

Which Ava’s in napa are on the valley floor

A 
Los Carneros - Pinot chard
Stags leap - prem cab sav
Oakville - prem cab sav
Rutherford- prem cab sav 
Saint Helena - diurnal range cab sav
Calistoga - diurnal range cool air
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25
Ava’s in napa on valley sides
``` Howell mountain Mount veeder Altitude not fog cooling influence W facing warmer than e Cab sav h abv but less rich ```
26
Which counties sit under north coast
Napa Sonoma Mendocino
27
Geographical features napa
San Pablo bay fog | Mayacamas mountains on west
28
Los Carneros Ava in napa is the most southerly vineyard which grapes are grown and why
Pinot noir Chardonnay Cooler
29
Premium cab sav is renowned in which napa Ava’s
Stags leap district Oakville Rutherford
30
Which Ava considered to have most powerful and structured cab sav in napa
Rutherford | Warmest during day least ocean influence
31
Which Ava’s in napa receive the warmest day time temps and which grapes grown
Saint Helena Calistoga - pacific breeze cooling factor from mountain gap Cab sav main grape Some Zinfandel & Syrah
32
Which 2 Ava’s in napa on valley sides cooled by altitude
Howell mountain | Mount veeder
33
Style of wines valley sides napa
F body H abv Higher tannins Less rich
34
Climate & grapes Russian river valley in sonoma county
Cool Foggy Breaks in coastal range Elegant h quality Pinot & Chardonnay
35
Which variety is Alexander valley ava known for in sonoma
Cab sav | Altitude & w/sw aspect give lots of sunshine - colour tannins & acidity altitude
36
Which black & white variety is dry valley creek known for in sonoma county
Old vine Zinfandel- black fruits Sauvignon Blanc Rhône varies & cab sav
37
In sonoma coast Ava how are vineyards often planted to mitigate cold Pacific Ocean influence
S facing slopes
38
Dry valley creek topography
``` W facing slopes Riper Jammier Dried fruits Warmer ``` E facibg slooes Fresher
39
Dry valley creek climate mitigating factors
San Pablo bay breeze & fog
40
Most well known abs in Mendocino county
Anderson valley N California Ocean influence - cool Riesling & gewurtz
41
What grape is Mendocino Ava known for
Cab sav
42
Central Valley climate
Hot Mediterranean Dry - irrigation No ocean influence Fertile soil
43
Most famous Ava in Central Valley & grape variety
Lodi | Zinfandel
44
Style Lodi Zinfandel
M to f bodm to m+ acidity Ripe tannins Cherry blueberry blackberry
45
Climate features Lodi
``` Hot Mediterranean Cool breezes San Francisco Bay - low disease pressure Low rainfall- irrigation Sandy soil Vsp trellised & cordon or old bush vines ```
46
Most famous ava in Santa Barbera county and which grapes known for
Santa Maria valley | Prem Pinot & Chardonnay (abc)
47
Santa Maria valley Ava climate
Cooler Low lying fog covers vineyards- slows ripening Diurnal range
48
Santa ynez valley Ava in Santa Barbara county us known for which grape varieties
Syrah Bordeaux blends Warmer in inland areas
49
Sta Rita hills ava a sub ava of Santa ynez valley is known for which variety
``` Premium Pinot First area to get fog & breeze M+ to h acidity M+ tannins Tea leaves black fruits savoury ```
50
Which is the most well known ava in San Luis Obispo region
Paso Robles ava
51
Climate abs wine style paso Robles
E hot, fertile- fruity , high volume, f body ripe wines | W marine air - high quality Zinfandel & Rhône varieties, higher acidity
52
Santa Cruz mountains in central coast climate
Moderate Hills Infertile soil
53
What grapes are grown in Santa Cruz ava in central coast
Cab sav - elegant Pinot Chardonnay
54
What grapes is Monterey ava in central coast known for
By coast - Chardonnay & Pinot | Inland - Syrah, merlot cab sav where less windy
55
Climate Monterey
Ocean influence | Strong winds
56
Largest producing region in USA
California > 80%
57
Key influence in California
Judgement of paris
58
Min % of grape variety on label or county
75 but 85% if ava named
59
Min % if vintage or vineyard mentioned
95
60
V few estate wineries in California true or false
True
61
Wine business
Merchants buy grapes or grower merchants
62
What is typical of the number of growers in California
Lots of them- price S&d based
63
How do wineries react to consumer demand changes
Head graft
64
Wines sold
Cellar door | Clubs

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