Cambridge Book 11 Flashcards
(179 cards)
1
Q
Turned
A
Pronunciation: /tɜːnd/
Meaning: Reached a particular age.
Example: I’ve just turned 18, so I’m now eligible to vote.
2
Q
Take down
A
Pronunciation: /teɪk daʊn/
Meaning: To write or record something; to remove something from a higher position.
Example: The lecturer spoke quickly, so I had to take down notes as fast as possible.
3
Q
Though
A
Pronunciation: /ðəʊ/
Meaning: Used to introduce a contrast or exception.
Example: The course was hard, though I managed to pass it in the end.
4
Q
Courier
A
Pronunciation: /ˈkʊə.r.i.ər/
Meaning: A person or company that delivers messages or packages.
Example: I sent my documents through a reliable courier service.
5
Q
I manage to fit it all in
A
Pronunciation: /aɪ ˈmæn.ɪdʒ tuː fɪt ɪt ɔːl ɪn/
Meaning: To succeed in finding time for many activities or tasks.
Example: Despite a busy schedule, I manage to fit it all in, including work and study.
6
Q
Pretty impressive
A
Pronunciation: /ˈprɪt.i ɪmˈpres.ɪv/
Meaning: Quite remarkable or admirable.
Example: Your IELTS score is pretty impressive for a first attempt.
7
Q
I’ve worked out
A
Pronunciation: /aɪv wɜːkt aʊt/
Meaning: I have figured something out or found a solution.
Example: I’ve worked out a schedule to balance my IELTS preparation with my job.
8
Q
I can afford
A
Pronunciation: /aɪ kæn əˈfɔːd/
Meaning: To have enough money or time for something.
Example: I can afford to take a one-month IELTS preparation course.
9
Q
County
A
Pronunciation: /ˈkaʊn.ti/
Meaning: A geographical region of a country, used especially in the UK and US.
Example: She lives in a quiet county in the south of England.
10
Q
Minor
A
Pronunciation: /ˈmaɪ.nər/
Meaning: Not very important or serious; also a person under 18.
Example: The error was minor and didn’t affect the final results.
11
Q
contemporary (P)
A
to his own time
12
Q
time limit (P)
A
deadline
13
Q
subtleties of meaning (p)
A
shades of meaning
a finr distinction of meanings or words, which are almost the same, but are slightly defferent.
14
Q
central(p)
A
running down the middle
15
Q
stood(p)
A
standing up
16
Q
well known (p)
A
famous
17
Q
in excess of (p)
A
over
18
Q
explain(p)
A
argue
19
Q
expect (p)
A
predict
20
Q
biological explanation (p)
A
animal aggression instinct, genetic need
21
Q
Already (p)
A
not new, in vague for some time
22
Q
grown indoors(p)
A
hothouse production
23
Q
located (p)
A
situated
24
Q
Distance (p)
A
transportation:
transportation of food means that it is carried out for some distance.
25
produce (p)
return:
as part of the process, energy is produced from composting plants, and this energy is returned to the national system(the grid)
26
consumption (p)
use
27
cut (p)
reduce
28
vehicles (p)
tractors:
tractors are the type of farm vehicles.
29
need (p)
require
30
disadvantage (p)
drawback
31
We will look forward to
Pronunciation: /wi wɪl lʊk ˈfɔː.wəd tuː/
Meaning: To feel happy or excited about something that is going to happen.
Example: We will look forward to seeing you at the IELTS workshop next week.
32
Carrying out
Pronunciation: /ˈkæri.ɪŋ aʊt/
Meaning: To perform or complete a task or activity.
Example: The engineers are carrying out safety checks on the equipment.
33
Refurbishment
Pronunciation: /ˌriːˈfɜː.bɪʃ.mənt/
Meaning: The process of repairing and improving a building.
Example: The theatre is closed for refurbishment until next month.
34
Interior
Pronunciation: /ɪnˈtɪə.ri.ər/
Meaning: The inside part of something, especially a building.
Example: The interior of the hall was redesigned during the renovation.
35
The work's running over budget
Pronunciation: /ðə wɜːks ˈrʌn.ɪŋ ˈəʊv.ər ˈbʌdʒ.ɪt/
Meaning: The cost of the work is exceeding the planned budget.
Example: Due to unexpected repairs, the work's running over budget.
36
we are looking into
Pronunciation: /wi ɑː ˈlʊk.ɪŋ ˈɪn.tuː/
Meaning: We are investigating or trying to find out more about something.
Example: We are looking into different ways to improve access for visitors.
37
hiring out
Pronunciation: /ˈhaɪə.rɪŋ aʊt/
Meaning: Renting something to other people.
Example: The hall is also used for hiring out to local drama groups.
38
We intend to run courses in acting
Pronunciation: /wi ɪnˈtend tu rʌn ˈkɔː.sɪz ɪn ˈæk.tɪŋ/
Meaning: We plan to organize acting classes.
Example: After the renovation, we intend to run courses in acting and stage design.
39
A number of people have enquired about workshops on make-up
Pronunciation: /ə ˈnʌmb.ər əv ˈpiː.pəl hæv ɪnˈkwaɪd əˈbaʊt ˈwɜːk.ʃɒps ɒn ˈmeɪ.kʌp/
Meaning: Several people have asked for information about make-up classes.
Example: A number of people have enquired about workshops on make-up and costume.
40
A success is the workshop on making puppets
Pronunciation: /səkˈses ɪz ðə ˈwɜːk.ʃɒp ɒn ˈmeɪ.kɪŋ ˈpʌp.ɪts/
Meaning: The puppet-making workshop has been popular and effective.
Example: A success is the workshop on making puppets for children.
41
Auditorium
Pronunciation: /ˌɔː.dɪˈtɔː.ri.əm/
Meaning: A large room or building used for speeches, concerts, or performances.
Example: The auditorium was packed with people waiting for the show to start.
42
Foyer
Pronunciation: /ˈfɔɪ.eɪ/
Meaning: An entrance hall or open area in a public building.
Example: The exhibition is displayed in the foyer of the theatre.
43
Slope
Pronunciation: /sləʊp/
Meaning: A surface that is at an angle, not flat or level.
Example: The path follows a gentle slope down to the beach.
44
String
Pronunciation: /strɪŋ/
Meaning: Thin rope or cord used to tie things.
Example: He used a piece of string to attach the label to the sample.
45
Fuss
Pronunciation: /fʌs/
Meaning: Unnecessary or excessive concern about something.
Example: There was a lot of fuss over a small mistake in the chart.
46
one form (p)
one variation
47
plant (p)
grow
48
not fixed (p)
move on rails
49
most probable (p)
far more likely
50
towns and cities (p)
urban
51
destruction (p)
despoil
52
put together (p)
assembled
53
components (p)
parts
54
manufactured (p)
constructed
55
ancient (p)
historically important
56
Straightforward
Pronunciation: /ˌstreɪtˈfɔː.wəd/
Meaning: Easy to do or understand.
Example: The instructions were straightforward and easy to follow.
57
Rock pools
Pronunciation: /rɒk puːlz/
Meaning: Small pools of water among rocks by the sea, where marine life can be found.
Example: Children explored the rock pools to find crabs and small fish.
58
Chromate
Pronunciation: /ˈkrəʊ.meɪt/
Meaning: A chemical compound containing chromium and oxygen.
Example: The rocks were tested and found to contain traces of chromate.
59
Seashore
Pronunciation: /ˈsiː.ʃɔːr/
Meaning: The land along the edge of the sea.
Example: They collected samples from the seashore for their experiment.
60
Region off
Pronunciation: /ˈriː.dʒən ɒf/
Meaning: An area near or adjacent to a particular place (usually the coast).
Example: The region off the southern coast has unique marine species.
61
Amendment
Pronunciation: /əˈmend.mənt/
Meaning: A change or addition to a document or policy.
Example: The teacher suggested an amendment to our field report.
62
a pair of (P)
two
63
lifted (P)
raised
64
shut out water (P)
seal off from water
65
taken out (P)
removed
66
rotate (P)
turn
67
move onto (P)
pass onto
68
directly (P)
straight
69
beneath (P)
under
70
based on (P)
modelled on
71
earlier (P)
historic
72
Thought
Pronunciation: /θɔːt/
Meaning: An idea or opinion produced by thinking.
Example: Her thought was to study tidal patterns along the coast.
73
Tiny selfish
Pronunciation: /ˈtaɪ.ni ˈsel.fɪʃ/
Meaning: Very small fish (literal); sometimes used figuratively.
Example: They observed tiny selfish moving around the reef.
74
Predators
Pronunciation: /ˈpred.ə.təz/
Meaning: Animals that hunt and eat other animals.
Example: The ecosystem includes both prey and predators like seabirds.
75
Drying out
Pronunciation: /ˈdraɪ.ɪŋ aʊt/
Meaning: Becoming dry after having been wet.
Example: The organisms are adapted to survive the risk of drying out.
76
be successful (p)
work
77
common (P)
generally
78
refert to (P)
define (definitio)
79
tiny (P)
minute
80
create (P)
form
81
place (P)
deposite
82
sea (P)
ocean
83
encourage (P)
stimulate
84
strong (P)
reinforced
85
lose (P)
shed
86
Exposed
Pronunciation: /ɪkˈspəʊzd/
Meaning: Left unprotected or uncovered.
Example: Some rock pools are exposed to sunlight for hours.
87
Smashed
Pronunciation: /smæʃt/
Meaning: Broken into pieces with force.
Example: The container was accidentally smashed on the rocks.
88
Concentrating
Pronunciation: /ˈkɒn.sən.treɪ.tɪŋ/
Meaning: Focusing attention or mental effort.
Example: We were concentrating on identifying the smallest creatures.
89
The descriptions we gave of the smaller organism
Pronunciation: /ðə dɪˈskrɪp.ʃənz wi ɡeɪv əv ðə ˈsmɔː.lər ˈɔː.ɡə.nɪ.zəm/
Meaning: What we said about tiny living things we observed.
Example: The descriptions we gave of the smaller organism were very detailed.
90
Compass
Pronunciation: /ˈkʌm.pəs/
Meaning: A tool used for finding direction.
Example: We used a compass to navigate the rocky shore.
91
allow (P)
enable
92
change the direction (P)
re-rout
93
bring more (P)
increase
94
worth exploring (P)
shouldn't exclude thinking thoroughly
95
limit the effectiveness (P)
at half strength
96
non-fossil-based (P)
renewable
97
replace (P)
substitute
98
most of (P)
nearly all of
99
undamaged (P)
intact
100
contain (P)
house
101
Squared
Pronunciation: /skweəd/
Meaning: Made into a square shape or form.
Example: The sample area was carefully squared for measurement.
102
Swept
Pronunciation: /swɛpt/
Meaning: Moved or pushed forcefully by wind or water.
Example: Some equipment was swept away by the waves.
103
Smash
Pronunciation: /smæʃ/
Meaning: To break something violently into pieces.
Example: Don’t drop the glass or it might smash on the rocks.
104
Shore
Pronunciation: /ʃɔːr/
Meaning: The land along the edge of a sea, lake, or ocean.
Example: The team collected samples from the rocky shore.
105
Metaphor
Pronunciation: /ˈmet.ə.fɔːr/
Meaning: A figure of speech where one thing is described as another to suggest similarity.
Example: The speaker used a metaphor to compare the brain to a computer.
106
Occupied
Pronunciation: /ˈɒk.jʊ.paɪd/
Meaning: Being used by someone; taken up.
Example: The auditorium was fully occupied during the final presentation.
107
Intrigued
Pronunciation: /ɪnˈtriːɡd/
Meaning: Very interested and curious.
Example: I was intrigued by the presenter’s unusual perspective.
108
Massive pads
Pronunciation: /ˈmæs.ɪv pædz/
Meaning: Large, soft protective layers or cushions.
Example: The studio floor had massive pads to reduce vibration.
109
Absorb any vibrations from outside
Pronunciation: /əbˈzɔːb ˈvaɪ.breɪ.ʃənz frəm ˈaʊt.saɪd/
Meaning: To reduce or prevent movement or noise from external sources.
Example: The building was designed to absorb any vibrations from outside traffic.
110
Acoustic
Pronunciation: /əˈkuː.stɪk/
Meaning: Related to sound or the sense of hearing.
Example: The hall has excellent acoustic properties for live music.
111
historical objects (P)
artefacts
112
launch (p)
initiate
113
be agreed (P)
be given the go ahead
114
By (P)
via
115
Place (P)
Locate
116
extra (P)
additional
117
protection (P)
cushioning
118
support(P)
back up
119
the folklore(P)
the local belief
120
veiw (P)
vision
121
build (P)
construct
122
need (P)
require
123
a great deal of (p)
a lot of
124
Curtains
Pronunciation: /ˈkɜː.tənz/
Meaning: Pieces of fabric used to block or filter light or sound.
Example: Thick curtains were installed to improve sound insulation.
125
Ring road
Pronunciation: /rɪŋ rəʊd/
Meaning: A road or highway that circles around a city or town.
Example: The theatre is located just outside the city’s ring road.
126
Amplify
Pronunciation: /ˈæm.plɪ.faɪ/
Meaning: To increase the volume or strength of sound.
Example: Microphones were used to amplify the speaker’s voice.
127
Motorized
Pronunciation: /ˈməʊ.tə.raɪzd/
Meaning: Powered by an engine or motor.
Example: The curtains are motorized and can be controlled remotely.
128
Shallow
Pronunciation: /ˈʃæləʊ/ (UK), /ˈʃæloʊ/ (US)
Meaning: Not deep; having a small distance from the top to the bottom.
Example: The water in the lake is quite shallow, so it's safe for children to play.
129
Comments
Pronunciation: /ˈkɒments/ (UK), /ˈkɑːments/ (US)
Meaning: Spoken or written remarks giving opinions or explanations.
Example: She made a few helpful comments on my presentation.
130
Fares
Pronunciation: /feəz/ (UK), /ferz/ (US)
Meaning: The money paid for a journey on public transport.
Example: Bus fares have increased by 10% this year.
131
Basis
Pronunciation: /ˈbeɪsɪs/
Meaning: A foundation or starting point for something (e.g., an idea, system, or process).
Example: Decisions are made on the basis of evidence and facts.
132
Pedestrian
Pronunciation: /pəˈdestriən/
Meaning: A person who is walking, especially in an area where vehicles go.
Example: The city built more sidewalks to make it safer for pedestrians.
133
Accountancy
Pronunciation: /əˈkaʊntənsi/
Meaning: The profession or activity of keeping financial records and preparing financial reports.
Example: She studied accountancy at university and now works as an auditor.
134
Adjoining
Pronunciation: /əˈdʒɔɪ.nɪŋ/
Meaning: Next to or connected to something.
Example: They booked two adjoining rooms at the hotel so the kids could stay nearby.
135
Reopen
Pronunciation: /ˌriːˈəʊpən/ (UK), /ˌriːˈoʊpən/ (US)
Meaning: To open again after being closed.
Example: The museum will reopen next week after renovations.
136
Shabby-looking
Pronunciation: /ˈʃæbi ˌlʊkɪŋ/
Meaning: In poor condition or untidy in appearance.
Example: The house looked shabby-looking, but it had great potential inside.
137
Fears
Pronunciation: /fɪəz/ (UK), /fɪərz/ (US)
Meaning: Feelings of worry or concern about something bad that might happen.
Example: There were fears of flooding after the heavy rain.
138
Demolition
Pronunciation: /ˌdeməˈlɪʃən/
Meaning: The act of tearing down or destroying a building or structure.
Example: The old cinema was closed for demolition to make way for a new shopping center.
139
Not-too-distant
Pronunciation: /ˌnɒt tuː ˈdɪstənt/
Meaning: Happening or existing fairly soon or nearby in time or space.
Example: They plan to launch the new product in the not-too-distant future.
140
Carnival procession
Pronunciation: /ˈkɑː.nɪ.vəl prəˈseʃ.ən/
Meaning: A parade or public celebration with music, costumes, and dancing, often as part of a carnival.
Example: The streets were packed with people watching the colorful carnival procession.
141
Anthropology
Pronunciation: /ˌæn.θrəˈpɒl.ə.dʒi/ (UK), /ˌæn.θrəˈpɑː.lə.dʒi/ (US)
Meaning: The study of human societies, cultures, and their development.
Example: She's studying anthropology to learn more about indigenous cultures.
142
Measure out
Pronunciation: /ˈmeʒər aʊt/
Meaning: To calculate and take a specific amount of something, usually for cooking or science.
Example: Please measure out two cups of sugar for the cake.
143
Flour
Pronunciation: /flaʊər/
Meaning: A powder made by grinding grain, used for baking and cooking.
Example: She sifted the flour before mixing it with the eggs.
144
Carried out
Pronunciation: /ˈkær.id aʊt/
Meaning: To do or perform a task, experiment, or plan.
Example: The scientists carried out an important study on climate change.
145
Spreadsheet
Pronunciation: /ˈspredʃiːt/
Meaning: A digital document used for organizing data in rows and columns, often in programs like Excel.
Example: I updated the spreadsheet with the monthly expenses.
146
Respondent
Pronunciation: /rɪˈspɒndənt/ (UK), /rɪˈspɑːndənt/ (US)
Meaning: A person who answers questions in a survey or research study.
Example: Each respondent was asked about their daily habits and routines.
147
Recruit
Pronunciation: /rɪˈkruːt/
Meaning: To find and hire people for a job or role; to enlist people.
Example: The company is trying to recruit new engineers for the project.
148
Open up
Pronunciation: /ˈəʊpən ʌp/
Meaning: To become more honest or expressive; also to start or create new opportunities.
Example: He finally opened up about how he felt after the meeting.
149
Discern
Pronunciation: /dɪˈsɜːn/ (UK), /dɪˈsɜːrn/ (US)
Meaning: To recognize or detect something, especially something unclear or subtle.
Example: It’s hard to discern the truth when there are so many rumors.
150
Compelling
Pronunciation: /kəmˈpelɪŋ/
Meaning: Very interesting, exciting, or convincing.
Example: The lawyer gave a compelling argument that changed the jury’s mind.
151
satisfying (P)
rewarding
152
work out (P)
decipher
153
experiments (P)
studies
154
paintings (P)
works
155
carefully (P)
meticulously
156
put together (P)
composed
157
158
emotions (P)
feeling
159
complexity (P)
intricacy
160
motifs (P)
patterns=images
161
pleasing (p)
appealing
162
works of art (P)
pieces
163
occure frequently (P)
are common
164
in the natural world(P)
throughout nature
165
trend of the period(P)
fashion of the time
166
rules(P)
laws
167
insights (n)
shed light on
168
fall (P)
land
169
invent (P)
devise
170
pull out (P)
draw ... from
171
only (P)
solely
172
be allowed to (P)
be entitled to
173
decline (P)
downfall
174
evidence(P)
indication
175
valuable (P)
precious
176
hide (P)
conceal
177
material (P)
commodity
178
tradesmen (P)
merchants
179
currently (P)
in more recent decades
