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Canadian Citizenship Test > Canada's History Part > Flashcards

Canada's History Part Flashcards

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1
Q

Who came from Iceland to the eastern part of Canada 1000 years ago?

A

The Vikings.

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2
Q

Who was the first person to draw a map of Canada’s east coast?

A

John Cabot.

European exploration began in earnest in 1497 with the expedition of John Cabot, who was the first to draw a map of Canada’s East Coast.

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3
Q

Who made three voyages across the Atlantic Ocean between 1534 and 1542 to claim the land of Canada for the King of France?

A

Jacques Cartier.

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4
Q

Where does the name Canada come from?

A

The name “Canada” comes from the word, “Kanata”, which is the Huron-Iroquois word for village.

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5
Q

What did King Charles II of England decide in 1670?

A

He decided that the Hudson’s Bay Company was allowed to look for fur in all of the land that had water flowing into the Hudson Bay.

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6
Q

Who were the voyageurs, or coureurs des bois?

A

Men from Montreal who traveled by canoe and carried trade goods and supplies to exchange for furs.

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7
Q

Which Aboriginal group was (historically) the enemy of the Algonquin, Montagnais and Huron?

A

The Iroquois.

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8
Q

Who was defeated during the battle of the Plains of Abraham?

A

The French.

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9
Q

Who was a great hero of New France?

A

Pierre Le Moyne; he fought against the British and won many battles.

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10
Q

What was the name of Quebec before 1759?

A

New France.

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11
Q

Who were the Loyalists (United Empire Loyalists)?

A

United Empire Loyalists were settlers who came from the United States during and after the American Revolution.

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12
Q

How many black Loyalists came north to live in Canada?

A

About 3,000 black Loyalists, freedmen and slaves came north seeking a better life.

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13
Q

Which city in Africa was started in 1792 when some black Nova Scotians left Canada?

A

Freetown, in Sierra Leone.

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14
Q

When was the first elected representative assembly? The Beginnings of Democracy

A

The first representative assembly was elected in Halifax, Nova Scotia, in 1758.

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15
Q

What province did Upper Canada become? Was it Protestant or Catholic?
What province did Lower Canada become? Was it Protestant or Catholic?

A

The Constitutional Act of 1791 divided the Province of Quebec into Upper Canada (later Ontario), which was mainly Loyalist, Protestant and English-speaking, and Lower Canada (later Quebec), heavily Catholic and French-speaking.

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16
Q

What did The Constitutional Act of 1791 grant to the Canadas?

A

For the first time, legislative assemblies elected by the people.

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17
Q

What was the name for the provinces of Upper Canada, Lower Canada and the Atlantic colonies?

A

British North America.

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18
Q

When was the abolition of slavery?

A

In 1793, Upper Canada, led by Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe, a Loyalist military officer, became the first province in the Empire to move toward abolition.

In 1807, the British Parliament prohibited the buying and selling of
slaves, and in 1833 abolished slavery throughout the Empire.

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19
Q

When did the Montreal stock exchange open?

A

The first financial institutions opened in the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The Montreal Stock Exchange opened in 1832. For centuries
Canada’s economy was based mainly on farming and on exporting natural resources such as fur, fish and timber, transported by roads, lakes, rivers and canals.

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20
Q

Who helped Upper Canada make the decision to stop slavery in 1793?

A

Lieutenant Governor John Graves Simcoe.

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21
Q

What was the Underground Railroad?

A

The way of escape that thousands of slaves used as they escaped from the United States (where slavery was legal) to Canada.

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22
Q

What did Mary Ann (Shadd) Carey want to do?

A

She wanted to end slavery in the United States.

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23
Q

What did the United States do in June 1812?

A

The War of 1812: The Fight for Canada.

After the defeat of Napoleon Bonaparte’s fleet in the Battle of Trafalgar (1805), the Royal Navy ruled the
waves. The British Empire, which included Canada, fought to resist Bonaparte’s bid to dominate Europe.
This led to American resentment at British interference with their shipping. Believing it would be easy to
conquer Canada, the United States launched an invasion in June 1812. The Americans were mistaken.
Canadian volunteers and First Nations, including Shawnee led by Chief Tecumseh, supported British
soldiers in Canada’s defence. In July, Major-General Sir Isaac Brock captured Detroit but was killed while
defending against an American attack at Queenston Heights, near Niagara Falls, a battle the Americans
lost

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24
Q

Who was Chief Tecumseh?

A

Chief Tecumseh was an Aboriginal person who helped to defend Canada when Canada was fighting against the United States.

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25
What city did Major-General Sir Isaac Brock capture?
Detroit
26
Who helped to begin (found) Canada's national capital?
The Duke of Wellington sent some of his best soldiers to defend Canada in 1814.
27
When did the The War of 1812: The Fight for Canada end?
The war ended in 1814.
28
Who were people in the rebellions fighting against? Rebellions of 1837-38
The British colonial government. In the 1830s, reformers in Upper and Lower Canada believed that progress toward full democracy was too slow. Some believed Canada should adopt American republican values or even try to join the United States. When armed rebellions occurred in 1837–38 in the area outside Montreal and in Toronto, the rebels did not have enough public support to succeed
29
Who won the rebellions, the rebels or the British?
The rebels were defeated by British troops and Canadian volunteers.
30
Responsible government
In 1840, Upper and Lower Canada were united as the Province of Canada. Reformers such as Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine and Robert Baldwin, worked with British governors toward responsible government.
31
What did Lord Durham want the French Catholic Christians to do?
He wanted the Catholic French Christians to change to have the same culture as the Protestant English Christians.
32
Confederation
From 1864 to 1867, representatives of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick and the Province of Canada, with British support, worked together to establish a new country. These men are known as the Fathers of Confederation. They created two levels of government: federal and provincial. The old Province of Canada was split into two new provinces: Ontario and Quebec, which, together with New Brunswick and Nova Scotia, formed the new country called the Dominion of Canada. Each province would elect its own legislature and have control of such areas as education and health.
33
Who was Sir Louis-Hippolyte La Fontaine?
He was the first leader of a responsible government in Canada in 1849.
34
Which province was the first British North American colony to attain fully responsible government in 1847-48?
Nova Scotia.
35
Who introduced responsible government?
Lord Elgin
36
What is meant by the term “responsible government”?
The government is responsible to the people, and they must trust that the government is doing its job. If the government loses a confidence vote in the assembly it must resign; losing a confidence vote is a vote of non-confidence. This vote means that the opposition parties no longer have faith that the ruling party has the ability to do their job.
37
Who suggested the term Dominion of Canada?
Sir Leonard Tilley, an elected official and Father of Confederation from New Brunswick, suggested the term Dominion of Canada in 1864. He was inspired by Psalm 72 in the Bible which refers to “dominion from sea to sea and from the river to the ends of the earth.
38
Where did the term Dominion of Canada come from?
From the Bible, Psalm 72.
39
What does Confederation mean?
Confederation means the joining of provinces to make a new country.
40
Which four provinces first formed Confederation?
Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia and New Brunswick.
41
Which new country did Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, and the Province of Canada form?
The Dominion of Canada.
42
Which two current provinces used to be the Province of Canada?
Ontario and Quebec.
43
When did Canada become a country?
The British Parliament passed the British North America Act in 1867. The Dominion of Canada was officially born on July 1, 1867. Until 1982, July 1 was celebrated as “Dominion Day” to commemorate the day that Canada became a self-governing Dominion. Today it is officially known as Canada Day.
44
What did Canada Day use to be called?
Dominion Day.
45
What do we celebrate on July 1 each year?
Canada Day - the anniversary of Confederation.
46
Which were the first four provinces to join Canada?
Ontario, Quebec, Nova Scotia, New Brunswick.
47
Which was the last province to join Canada?
Newfoundland and Labrador.
48
Which was the last territory to join Canada?
Nunavut
49
What does N.W.T. stand for?
Northwest Territories.
50
Which province is on the western side of Canada?
British Columbia.
51
Which province is on the easternmost side of Canada?
Newfoundland and Labrador.
52
How many provinces and territories does Canada have today?
10 provinces and 3 territories.
53
When is Sir John A. Macdonald Day?
January 11.
54
What dollar bill has Canada’s first Prime Minister on it?
The $10 bill
55
Who was the first Prime Minister of Canada?
Sir John A. Macdonald.
56
Who gave women the right to vote in federal elections?
Sir Robert Borden.
57
When was the North West Mounted Police (NWMP) started?
1873
58
What do the initials RCMP stand for? What is another name for them?
Royal Canadian Mounted Police. Mounties.
59
Who was Major General Sir Sam Steele?
Major General Sir Sam Steele was a Mounted Policeman, and a soldier of the Queen.
60
When was the railway finished?
1885
61
What did the Canadian Pacific Railway symbolize?
A powerful symbol of unity.
62
What was the Head Tax?
It was a race-based fee charged for Chinese who immigrated to Canada.
63
Who worked to build the railway?
Europeans and Chinese.
64
What did Canada apologize for in 2006?
The Head Tax.
65
Who was the first French-Canadian prime minister since Confederation? What dollar bill is his face on?
Sir Wilfred Laurier. 5 dollar bill.
66
How many Canadians served in the First World War?
More than 600,000 Canadians served in the first World War.
67
What do Canadians remember on April 9?
April 9 is Vimy Day, to remember the braveness of the soldiers.
68
What does the Vimy Ridge memorial honour?
It honours the soldiers who served and died in the Battle of Vimy Ridge.
69
What did Canada do between 1914 and 1920 that it now regrets?
People originally from Austria or Hungary were taken away to labour camps across Canada.
70
Who was Canada’s greatest soldier in the First World War?
General Sir Arthur Currie.
71
When did the First World War end?
November 11, 1918.
72
What were female nurses who served in the war called?
Bluebirds
73
When did Canadian soldiers begin using the maple leaf?
1850s.
74
What is the effort by women to achieve the right to vote called?
Women’s suffrage movement.
75
Who was Dr. Emily Stowe?
The founder of the women’s suffrage movement in Canada.
76
Who was the first woman to become a Member of Parliament?
Agnes Macphail.
77
What poem did Lieutenant Colonel John McCrae write in 1915?
In Flanders Fields.
78
What did the British Empire become after the First World War?
British Commonwealth of Nations.
79
Why were the 1920s called the “Roaring 20s”?
They were good economic times.
80
When did the Great Depression start?
In 1929, when the stock market crashed.
81
When was the Bank of Canada created?
1934
82
Who was Phil Edwards?
Phil Edwards was a Canadian track and field champion.
83
What was D-Day?
The Canadian army captured Juno Beach on D-Day, June 6, 1944. In order to defeat Nazism and Fascism, the Allies invaded Nazi-occupied Europe. Canadians took part in the liberation of Italy in 1943–44. In the epic invasion of Normandy in northern France on June 6, 1944, known as D-Day, 15,000 Canadian troops stormed and captured Juno Beach from the German Army,
84
How many Canadians and Newfoundlanders served in the Second World War?
More than 1 million; Newfoundland became a part of Canada after the war in 1949.
85
What does RCAF stand for?
Royal Canadian Air Force. The Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) took part in the Battle of Britain and provided a high proportion of Commonwealth aircrew in bombers and fighter planes over Europe.
86
When woman votes for the first time?
In 1916, Manitoba became the first province to grant voting rights to women.

Canadian Citizenship Test (13 decks)

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