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📕🌐Canadian Geo🌐📕 > 📕Canadian Geo2️⃣📕 > Flashcards

📕Canadian Geo2️⃣📕 Flashcards

0
Q

A person who studies and forecasts weather

A

Meteorologist

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1
Q

The atmosphere is made up of 78.09% _______

A

Nitrogen

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2
Q

The structures or networks of basic services needed for the functioning of the community or economy

A

Infrastructure

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3
Q

The plants that are native to an area rather than those that have been planted or grown by people

A

Natural vegetation

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4
Q

The act of fish laying their eggs and we’re producing offspring

A

Spawning

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5
Q

Tools, machinery, and knowledge developed from human ingenuity and scientific advances

A

Technology

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6
Q

Name Canada’s 5 drainage basins

A 
Arctic
Pacific
Hudson Bay
Atlantic
Gulf of Mexico
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7
Q

The atmosphere is made up of 0.93% ________

A

Argon

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8
Q

The water that runs off the lands in rivers and lakes

A

Run off

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9
Q

Into which 3 drainage basins does the precipitation that falls onto the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains flow

A

Arctic
Gulf of Mexico
Hudson Bay

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10
Q

All the water and moisture on earth in all its forms

A

Hydrosphere

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11
Q

Describe the tundra natural vegetation biome

A 
land where it's too cold for trees to grow
Characteristics:
- no trees
- found in far north
- there will be grass and shrubs
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12
Q

Ten frozen parts of the hydrosphere

A

Cryosphere

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13
Q

A species that plays an important role in maintaining the function of the ecosystem

A

Keystone species

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14
Q

The atmosphere is made up of _______ Carbon dioxide, helium, hydrogen, methane, krypton, neon, ozone, xenon, and water vapor

A

0.03%

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15
Q

A climate to type with a wide any will range of temperature and low precipitation, influenced by its location away from the moderating influence of an ocean

A

Continental climates

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16
Q

An area of land that drains into a particular river system or body of water

A

Watershed

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17
Q

A narrow place of high land, such as the top of a mountain range, that separates one drainage basin from another

A

Drainage divide

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18
Q

Integrated activities, such as manufacturing and transporting, that produce and deliver goods and services

A

Economic system

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19
Q

chemicals that are added to soil to kill pests that compete with farm crops

A

Pesticides

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20
Q

A cross section of different layers in the soil and rock below the soil and their physical, chemical, and biological characteristics

A

Soil profile

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21
Q

They are features like fungi that eat and recycle nature’s waste material

A

Decomposers

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22
Q

decayed remains of plants and animal life

A

Humus

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23
Q

The layer of earth in which plant and animal life evolve

A

Biosphere

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24
The atmosphere is made up of 20.95% ________
Oxygen
25
When two or more parts work together to produce an effect that is greater than the sum of its parts
Synergy
26
How much of the world's fresh water is located in Canada
9%
27
List and describe 4 reasons why salmon are disappearing in British Columbia
- global warming: warm ocean temps affect salmon causing them to breathe harder and tire out - pollution of salmon streams and coastal waters: swage from towns, industrial waste, and garbage pollute the salmon's habitat - overfishing: killing too many salmon could affect their population and could lead to extinction - habitat loss: salmon's habitats are getting destroyed due to pollution, clear cutting, and salmon have nowhere to go
28
Describe the grassland natural vegetation biome
land that is covered by grass because it's too dry to support larger plants Characteristics: - dry - warm - at risk biome, only 1/4 of Canada's natural grasslands still exist
29
A set of parts that together form an interconnected whole
System
30
the soil that is found in areas covered by forests with cool moist climates
Podzols
31
The distance north or south of the equator, measured in degrees
Latitude
32
Describe the boreal coniferous forest natural vegetation biome
``` the northern forests that cover most of Canada. Newfoundland is mainly boreal forests. Characteristics: - cold winters but warm summers - moderate amounts of precipitation - consists of coniferous and deciduous ```
33
grassland soil rich in organic materials
Chernozems
34
Improving our quality of life while using natural resources wisely so that they last and are available for future generations
Sustainable development
35
A huge body of air with the same temperature and moisture conditions throughout
Airmass
36
A fast-moving body of air at high altitudes the stairs weather systems and storms from east to west
Polar jetstream
37
A layer of porous rock under the earth's surface that can store large quantities of water that can be trapped by drilling as well
Aquifers
38
Name Canada's 5 drainage basins
``` Arctic Pacific Hudson Bay Atlantic Gulf of Mexico ```
39
A wet, moderate climate to type that is influenced by the closeness of an ocean
Maritime climate
40
Electro magnetic energy radiation from the sun rant can cause damage to the skin and eyes
Ultraviolet radiation
41
A thin layer of gases that surround the earth
Atmosphere
42
The earth's crust and the uppermost part of the underlying mantle consisting of rocks, minerals, and soil
Lithosphere
43
A population of a particular species of salmon in a particular location
Salmon stock
44
Interconnecting networks, such as roads and rail lines, that move people and goods
Transportation system
45
A community of plants and animals that interact with one another and with their physical environment
Ecosystem
46
Describe the deciduous forests natural vegetation biome
forests that consist mostly of trees that lose their leaves in the winter Characteristics: - warm summers and winters - moderate to high amounts of precipitation - trees lose their leaves in the winter
47
Describe the temperate rainforest natural vegetation biome
``` area of large coniferous trees found In British Columbia Characteristics: - high amounts of precipitation - warm all year round - very big trees ```
48
A system found in nature
Natural system
49
A locking method that involves cleaning an area of all it's trees at one time
Clear cutting
50
Describe the 3 types of pollution
Biological pollution - bacteria and algae that enter lakes, rivers - sewage from cities and towns are the largest source - solved by reducing sewage from entering water supplies (sewage treatment plants) Physical pollution - least harmful but most obvious - floating garbage, paper, tin cans, etc. - these are easily seen and clean-up and prevention is simple Chemical pollution - most dangerous - dumping of poisonous chemicals into rivers and lakes Clean-up: there are two problems - not able to completely stop chemicals from reaching water supplies - do not have technology to clean it up once it's in the water
51
The natural system that involves the circulation of water through the atmosphere and the oceans. Also called hydrologic cycle
Water cycle
52
Something that is continuously changing
Dynamic
53
Part of the world that experiences four seasons located in latitude from 40 to 60° north and south of the equator
Temperate
54
A large region on earth, such as a rain forest or the desert, which is named for the distinct characteristics of the plants that live within it
Biome
55
The process of decompositions and regeneration in nature
Decay cycle
56
nutrients that are artificially added to the soil by farmers
Fertilizers
57
Canada is the main one system that blows from west to east
Westerlies
58
And natural boundary of altitude or latitude were trees can no longer grow
Tree line
59
Water found beneath the earth's surface in spaces in soil and bedrock
Ground water
60
The ability to think and act based on an understanding of how the parts of a whole system interact and are interdependent
Systems thinking
61
Explain how systems thinking is the answer to living harmoniously with nature
- used to help us make better decisions as we work to create safer and healthier environments - can help us to protect natural systems and to use resources so they last in the future
62
Describe the mountain forests natural vegetation biome
forests that are found in mountainous regions where altitudes and soil conditions play a role in what can grow. Characteristics: -mixed forests in lower altitudes, then boreal, then tundra in high places -altitude influences temperature range -lack of good soil can be an issue on steep slopes
63
Plant life
Fauna
64
The weather conditions of of articular region averaged over a long period of time
Climate
65
A place where the water table is at ground level Ex: swamps, bog, marsh
Wetlands
66
Regular predictable, normal wind direction for a given area or region
Prevailing winds
67
Lines that look like Contour lines that show air pressure distribution
Isobars
68
Describe the composition / parts of soil
1) air: necessary because plants need air around them 2) water: plants need water to grow, and also to help break down the minerals and humus 3) humus: decayed remains of plants and animal life 4) minerals: broken down rock particles that form either sand, loam or clay. They contain the nutrients that plant need to grow
69
Describe the mixed forests natural vegetation biome
``` forest that acts as a transition, deciduous forests to coniferous forest Characteristics: - warm summers, cold winters - lots of precipitation - mix of coniferous and deciduous trees ```
70
The area of land from which all water received as precipitation flows to a particular ocean
Drainage basin
71
How much of earth's water is fresh water
3%
72
How much of the fresh water on earth is in ice caps and glaciers
69%
73
How much of fresh water is surface water
0.9%
74
How much of surface water are lakes
87%
75
Describe the arctic climate region
Very cold winter, short cold summer, very dry
76
Describe the subarctic climate region
Cold winter, cool summer, moderate precipitation
77
Describe the pacific climate region
Mild winter, warm summer, heavy precipitation
78
Describe the mountain climate region
Temps and precipitation vary greatly
79
Describe the prairie climate region
Cold winter, hot summer, dry
80
Describe the lower lakes climate region
Cool winter, hot summer, moderate precipitation
81
Describe the Atlantic climate region
Cold winter, cool summer, moderate precipitation
82
At what speeds to polar jet streams blow at
300-500
83
State the impact of the Coriolis force
The earth's rotation on its axis causes winds in the northern hemisphere to be deflected to the right and winds in the southern to be deflected in the left

📕🌐Canadian Geo🌐📕 (7 decks)

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