Canadian History

Question 1

List of the 13 Colonies from Northern to Southern:

Answer 1

New Hampshire
Massachusetts
Rhode Island
Connecticut
New York
New Jersey
Pennsylvania
Delaware
Maryland
Virginia
North Carolina
South Carolina
Georgia

Question 2

First Colony Established:

Answer 2

Virginia in 1607 (Jamestown)

Question 3

Last Colony to Join:

Answer 3

Georgia, established in 1732

Question 4

Arrival in the New World:

Answer 4

The Mayflower

Question 5

Arrival: When & Where

Answer 5

Landed in 1620 at Plymouth Rock (in present-day Massachusetts)

Question 6

Reasons for Leaving Britain:

Answer 6

From religious persecution, lack of economic opportunities, desire for land, food, and goods, to start new lives, and independence

Question 7

Northern Colonies (New England)

Answer 7

Shipbuilding, fishing, small farms, hunting, the Protestants’ area, and independence

Question 8

Middle Colonies

Answer 8

Rich in farming and agriculture, trade, and diverse populations

Question 9

Southern Colonies

Answer 9

Cash crop economy, slavery, tobacco, and cotton.

Question 10

British Taxation of Colonies: Why Tax the Colonies?

Answer 10

Britain needed money to pay off war debts from the Seven Years’ War (French and Indian War).

Question 11

Why Were Colonists Upset(and phase)?

Answer 11

When taxed, they had no representation or decision-making in Parliament, and protection from the army wasn’t necessary. “No taxation without representation!”

Question 12

The Acts

Answer 12

Major Acts/Taxes Sugar Act (1764) – Tax on sugar and molasses
Stamp Act (1765) – Tax on stamps to be put on legal documents, newspapers, etc.
Declaratory Act (1766) – Britain declares control over the colonies and any changes to the taxes without protest
Townshend Acts (1767) – Tax on household items: glass, paint, tea, etc.
Tea Act (1773) – Gave the East India Company rights to sell tea
Intolerable Acts (1774) – Laws passed to punish Massachusetts for the Boston Tea Party; The shutdown of the Boston Port

Question 13

Boston Tea Party (1773)

Answer 13

Protest by the Sons of Liberty
Dumped British tea into Boston Harbor
Response to the Tea Act

Question 14

American Revolution (1775–1783)

Answer 14

• Colonies fought for and won independence from Britain
• Ended with the Treaty of Paris (1783)

Question 15

Quebec Act (1774) and Purpose

Answer 15

• Enlarged Quebec’s territory to include Labrador
• Protected French language, religion (Catholicism), and civil law
• Keep French Canadians loyal to Britain and prevent them from joining the American Revolution

Question 16

Patriots vs. Loyalists

Answer 16

Patriots: Wanted to fight for independence
Britain Loyalists: Remained loyal to the British Crown and wanted the US to be part of Britain.

Question 17

Loyalists in British North America

Answer 17

Many fled to North American colonies
Were given land grants, money, supplies
This increased English-speaking population in Quebec

Question 18

Map change and Constitutional Act of 1791 Split Quebec into:

Answer 18

Upper Canada (English-speaking)
Lower Canada (French-speaking)
Map Change: Created two distinct colonies and gave each colony its own government.

Question 19

Government & Representation: Upper and lower Canada

Answer 19

Upper Canada:
English laws
Protestant values
Similar to British system
Representatives were chosen
Lower Canada:
French civil law
Catholic religion protected the French-speaking majority with separate customs
One-tenth of earnings for church taxes
People would pass laws and run the government

Question 20

British Colonies in North America after the American Revolution(5):

Answer 20

Upper Canada
Lower Canada
Nova Scotia
New Brunswick
Prince Edward Island