Canadian History Flashcards
When Europeans explored Canada they found all regions occupied by native peoples. They called these people Indians. Why?
Earlier European explorers thought they had reached the East Indies.
Who was the first European to explore Canada’s Atlantic shore?
John Cabot, an Italian immigrant to England, was the first to map Canada’s Atlantic shore, setting foot on Newfoundland or Cape Breton Island in 1497 and claiming the New Founde Land for England. English settlement did not begin until 1610
What was the name of John Cabot’s ship?
The Matthew was a barque under 100 tons manned by a crew of 18 hands led by John Cabot. It sailed from Bristol in May 1497
What year did John Cabot discover what is now Newfoundland and Labrador?
1497
Who was the first European to explore the St. Lawrence River?
Jacques Cartier
Between 1534 and 1542, how many times did Jacques Cartier make the voyage to North America?
3 times.
What was the Iroquoian word for villiage?
Kanata
In 1608 Champlain built a fortress at what is now _________?
Quebec City
In 1604, the first European settlement north of Florida was established by French explorers Pierre de Monts and Samuel de Champlain, first on St. Croix Island (in present-day Maine), then at ____________?
Port-Royal, in Acadia (present-day Nova Scotia)
Champlain allied the colony with which aborignal peoples?
The Algonquin, Montagnais, and Huron, historic enemies of the Iroquois, a confederation of five (later six) First Nations who battled with the French settlements for a century. The French and the Iroquois made peace in 1701.
The French and Aboriginal people collaborated in the vast fur-trade economy, driven by the demand for ______ pelts in Europe
Beaver
____________ refused to surrender Quebec to the English in 1690, saying: “My only reply will be from the mouths of my cannons!”
Count Frontenac
Which Governor of Quebec, defeated an American military invasion of Quebec in 1775?
Sir Guy Carleton (Lord Dorchester)
In 1670, King Charles II of England granted this company exclusive trading rights over the watershed draining into Hudson Bay.
The Hudson’s Bay Company
Who were the people called voyageurs?
The voyageurs were people who engaged in the transporting of furs by canoe during the fur trade era.
In the 1700s France and _________ battled for control of North America.
Great Britain
In 1759, the British defeated the French in the Battle of ___________ at Québec City
The Plains of Abraham
This British commander was killed leading his troops in the battle of the Plains of Abraham.
Brigadier James Wolfe
This French commander was killed leading his troops in the battle of the Plains of Abraham.
The Marquis de Montcalm
