Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

OTH 618 Adult Physical Rehab II > Cancer > Flashcards

Cancer Flashcards

(88 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Lymphedema

A

a buildup of lymph fluid in the fatty tissues under the skin that causes swelling; it is often a sequela to surgery and/or radiation that involves one or more lymph nodes and remains a lifetime risk for people living with cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Metastasis

A

occurs when cancer cells migrate into the bloodstream or lymph system, travel to other parts of the body, and form new tumors.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Palliative care:

A

an approach that aims to improve quality of life for families and patients facing life-threatening illness. It provides relief from pain and other distressing symptoms, support to help patients live as actively as possible, and coping and bereavement assistance.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Peripheral neuropathy:

A

refers to numbness, tingling, and/or pain caused by nerve damage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Survivorship:

A

the cancer journey phase that begins as patients complete medical treatment and continues throughout the remainder of the patients’ lives.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cancer survivors face long-term side effects and health risks as a result of

A

both treatment and ongoing fear of recurrence.These challenges may interfere with activity and role performance, necessitating the services of occupational therapists.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

The term cancer refers to a

A

group of diseases in which abnormal cells divide without control, can invade nearby tissues, and travel through the blood and lymph systems to other body parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Staging is the process of

A

determining the severity of a person’s cancer based on the degree to which a cancer has spread4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Common elements in most staging systems consider

A

the primary tumor site, tumor size and number, spread into lymph nodes, and the presence or absence of metastasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Stage 0

A

Abnormal cells are present but have not spread to other tissues. This stage is typically highly curable.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Stage I

A

Cancer that is the next least advanced; patients often have good prognosis. This is referred to as early-stage cancer because a small cancer or tumor hasn’t spread to lymph nodes or other body parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Stage II-III

A

Cancer involving more extensive disease as indicated by greater tumor size and/or cancer spread to nearby lymph nodes, but not to other body parts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Stage IV

A

Cancer that has spread to other organs or body parts. This is referred to as advanced or metastatic cancer.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Problems that may interfere with occupational performance with - Breast Cancer

A

weakness, fatigue, body image issues, pain, lymphedema, limited ROM, brachial plexus injury, cognitive inneficiencies

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Problems that may interfere with occupational performance with - lung Cancer

A

fatigue, dyspnea, weakness, limited ROM, limited endurance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Problems that may interfere with occupational performance with - Brain Cancer

A

cognitive problems, impaired vision and balance, decreased sensation, dysphasia, hemiparesis, impaired coordination, personality changes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Problems that may interfere with occupational performance with - Sarcoma

A

Possible amputation or issues associated with limb salvage, body image issues, peripheral neuropathy, pain, fatigue, edema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Problems that may interfere with occupational performance with - colorectal

A

Gastrointestinal problems (diarrhea, constipation, incontinence, bowel obstruction), physical and psychosocial challenges associated with managing an ostomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF)

A

defined as an upsetting and enduring sense of physical, emotional, and/or cognitive exhaustion that impedes functioning and is inconsistent with recent activity levels.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) involves what concurrent symptoms.

A

CRF involves concurrent symptoms such as pain, stress, low red blood cell count, and difficulty sleeping.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What does the The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) recommends for cancer related fatigue

A

referral to occupational therapy for nonpharmacological CRF intervention.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is cancer-related cognitive dysfunction (CRCD; sometimes called chemobrain)?

A

CRCD involves mild but disruptive changes in memory, executive functions, attention, and processing speed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN)

A

describes sensory impairment of the peripheral nerves caused by neurotoxicity associated with many commonly used chemotherapy drugs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

proto-oncogene is a

A

normal gene that has the potential to become more active or mutate into a cancer-causing oncogene.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Oncogenes allow
cells to grow and survive when they normally would not.
26
Benign tumors
do not spread into or invade nearby tissues, although they can still cause damage to the body.
27
Malignant tumors can
destroy normal cells and invade other tissues. As a tumor grows, some cancer cells can break off, traveling in the bloodstream or the lymphatic system to other body parts.
28
metastasis
When cancer cells can break off, traveling in the bloodstream or the lymphatic system to other body parts. This process is known as
29
Hyperplasia
occurs when cells divide faster than normal, and there is a buildup of extra cells or an increase in cell mass.
30
Intrinsic risk factors are those over which the individual has
no control
31
Dysplasia is
a buildup of cells that appear abnormal microscopically, and there are differences from normal cells noted in cell organization, size, and shape.
32
extrinsic risk factors may be
modifiable and and thus preventable.
33
examples of intrinsic risk factors for cancer
age, heredity, hormones, immune system competence, and metabolic abnormalities.
34
Five main categories of cancer In situ:
In Situ, localized, regional, distant, unknown
35
In situ:
Abnormal cells are present only in the layer of cells in which they developed.
36
Localized:
Cancer is limited to the organ in which it began no evidence of spread.
37
Regional:
Cancer has spread beyond the primary site to nearby lymph nodes, tissues, or organs.
38
Distant:
Cancer has spread from the primary site to distant tissues or organs or to distant lymph nodes.
39
Unknown:
There is not enough information to determine the stage.
40
survivorship
long term impact of cancer after cancer is gone.
41
NY state most common occurring cancer
Prostate Breast (female) Lung & bronchus
42
Areas of occupation most frequently impacted by cancer
Bathing/showering; dressing; eating/feeding
43
areas of body function most frequently impacted by cancer
Attention; memory; physical energy & endurance
44
performance skills most impacted by cancer
Bending; reaching; coordinating body movements
45
T = N = M =
Tumor, Node, Metastasis
46
Tumor 1-4
Indicates growth of tumor T1= smaller tumor T4= larger tumor that has grown into another organ
47
Nodes 0-2
Shows if cancer has grown to lymph nodes N0 = no lymph no growth N1 = cancer spread to 1-3 nodes N2 = cancer spread to 4 or more nodes
48
Metastasis 0-1
Shows if cancer has spread to other distant parts of the body M0= cancer has not spread M1= cancer has spread
49
Common Metastasis Sites
Bone Brain Lungs Liver Lymph nodes
50
87% of patients with cancer have what kind of needs?
rehabilitation needs
51
qualifying conditions with cancer for OT
ADL/IADL Debility, fatigue Neuropathy Lymphedema Cognitive decline UE impairment Balance issues Pain Falls
52
How does an OT intervene with cancer patient for Preventative Care
talk to them about post surgery and how to manage and keep things from getting worse.
53
Restorative care with patients with cancer
how to get back to normal level of function
54
Supportive role for OTs in cancer care
keeping them as strong as possible to maintain strength and keep them indipendent in their own home.
55
palliative care is
looking at quality of life. looking at balance between function and comfort.
56
what is the challenge for palliative care
healthcare doesn't pay for palliative care.
57
what would OT intervene with in Acute Care:
general mobility, endurance, cognitive stim, positioning, self care
58
what would OT intervene with in Rehab/Subacute:
Restore function, strengthening, energy conservation, ADLs
59
what would OT intervene with in Home Care:
Restore daily ADLs, equipment, compensatory strategies, caregiver training, progress indep
60
what would OT intervene with in Outpatient:
improve ROM, strength, endurance for function
61
Assessments areas for cancer
- ADL/IADL - BI, AMPAC - Fatigue - Cancer Fatigue Scale - Neuropathy - Sensation - Lymphedema - Circumferential measurements - Cognitive decline - TFLS, CPT, MMSE, MoCA - UE Impairment - DASH, ROM, MMT, Dynamometer, pinch meter, goniometer, sensation, - Balance - Berg, TUG, 5XSST, - Falls - Functional React Test, TIS - Pain - Pain Analog Scale
62
What are the type of treatments a person with cancer may have all at the same time
Surgery Chemotherapy Radiation Hormone Alternative Approaches
63
debulking-
remove part of malignant tumor to enhance effectiveness of chemo/radiation TX
64
types of surgery
Mastectomy or lumpectomy Ovarian (bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy) Cystectomy - removal of part of bladder.
65
with anytime of abnominal surgery what type of bed mobility are we doing
log rolling
66
post surgery what the weight lifting precautions?
no more than 5lbs with affected side no more than 10 with both.
67
abdominal surgery precautions
Log roll No lift > 5-10 lbs Avoid strain Binder Body mechanics Back protection
68
What are some things to be cautious of for someone who's had surgery after cancer
Drains & lines Glad press & seal to cover in shower Check BP first bf shower Transfers
69
Side effects of chemotherapy
Nausea Vomiting Mouth Ulcers Hair Loss Fatigue Decreased WBC
70
oral hygiene and chemo
chemo can cause bleeding in gums. offer a soft brush and being very careful with flossing.
71
a person receiving chemo is considered to be what kind of risk?
immunocompromised. it lowers white count and makes them more at risk for infection.
72
radiation therapy
- Shrinks tumor via gamma or x-ray - May occur prior to surgery or along with other therapies - can cause a burn on the skin.
73
Gliomas (Supportive Tissue)
Astrocytoma Brain or SC Cerebrum Glioblastoma Multiforme (GBM) Young adults affected Neurological presentation may be cognitive, sensory, motor
74
secondary brain tumors
Cancer cells originate elsewhere & spreads through metastasis
75
Multiple Myeloma:
Cancer of plasma cells of bone marrow (check weight bearing status, pathological FX)
76
Vital Organ cancers:
Kidney, liver, lung, pancreas, or stomach
77
Reproductive Organ cancers:
Uterine, ovarian, fallopian tubes, prostate
78
platelet more tha 5000
May be on bedrest
79
platelets more than 10000
No ex. but can walk in room or bathroom if steady
80
platelets between 10 and 19,000
AROM & Cardio ok without strain or signs of bleeding (no PROM)
81
20,000 & 49, 000 platelets
Strength & cardio of if no bleeding but without strain. NO massage
82
50,000 - 100,000 platelet count.
Cardiovasc ex and strengthening w/ resistance ok – if no bleeding
83
Hematocrit (HCT): must be
> than 25% for any form of exercise >25 light ex, shower 30-32 resistive ex as tolerated
84
Hemoglobin (HB): must be
> than 8.5 for any form of exercise 8-10 light exercise >10 resistive exercise
85
Precautions of working with a patient with cancer
Blood levels - but OT's don't need to know that but they nurses may weigh in. Mucositis: side effect of chemo mouth ulcers or painful swallow Steroid Myopathy: weakness of prox to distal ms . weakness of hands and hips. hand to foot syndrome - looks like they have sunburn on hands and feet.
86
With hand and foot syndrome why does it happen , how to modify
side effect of chemo. be cautious of textures, transfers, no friction on skin. water temp is mild. Make sure gate belt doesn't go directly on skin.
87
what consideration would use to choose assessment
type of cancer and what symptoms the cancer is created. consider what setting you are in. are they post-op, outpatient, etc.
88

OTH 618 Adult Physical Rehab II (20 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions