Cancer (16.1)

Question 1

Cancer

Answer 1

Uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells of the body

Question 1

How do cancer cells evade the signal that regulate cell growth?

Answer 1

Avoid autocrine (hormone) stimulation and ignore contact inhibition signals

Question 2

How do cancer cells remain immortal?

Answer 2

Ignore signals of apoptosis and show no (few) signs of aging (have active telomerases

Question 3

How do cancer cells alter interactions with the body?

Answer 3

Cancer cells feed themselves by encouraging new blood vessel to form ( angiogenesis

Question 4

Proto-oncogenes

Answer 4

Creates signals that activate the cell cycle “gas pedal”

Question 5

Example of proto-oncogenes

Answer 5

cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases

Question 6

Tumor suppressor genes

Answer 6

survelliance and quality control “brakes”

Question 7

Examples of tumor suppressor genes

Answer 7

Tp53 and RB1

Question 8

Role of Cyclin D

Answer 8

Triggers cells to move frm G0 to G1 and G1 to S phase

Question 9

Role of Cyclin E

Answer 9

Prepares the cell for DNA replication in S phase

Question 10

Role of Cyclin A

Answer 10

Activates DNA replication in S phase

Question 11

Role of Cyclin B

Answer 11

Promotes assembly of mitotic spindle in preparation for mitosis