Cancer Care

Question 1

why was the Calman Hine report generated and in what year?

Answer 1

generated as a result of the conculsions of EUROCARE report that showed cancer survivla rate in UK in 1980’s and 90’s was one of the worst in europe.
The Calman-Hine report was generated in 1995

Question 2

what did the Calman-Hine report recommend? (7)

Answer 2

• all pts access to uniformly high quality care
• public and professional education to recognise early symptoms of cancer
• clear info re: treatment options + outcomes to pts, families and carers
• primary care to be central to cancer care
• psychosocial needs of careres and pts to be recognised
• registration and monitoring of outcomes is essential

Question 3

what are the 3 levels of care suggested by the Calman-Hine report?

Answer 3

• primary care
• cancer units serving DGHs (treat common cancers, diagnostic procedures, common surgery, non-complex chemo)
• cancer centres (treating rare cancers, radiotherapy and complex chemo)

Also recognised the ongoing importance of palliative care.

Question 4

why were the 3 levels of care suggested by the Calman-Hine report?

Answer 4

• helps to integrate aspects of care and deliver holistic package
• allows targeting of resources where needed most
  brings together commissioners, providers and local authorities and volunteer sectors

Question 5

what is the role of an MDT?

Answer 5

• discuss all new diagnoses at the site
• decide on mgmt and inform primary care of it
• designate specialist nurse to pt
• audit
• develop guidelines

Question 6

what is the role of strategic clinical networks in cancer care?

Answer 6

aim to improve health services for specific patient groups

Question 7

name a way in which quality of cancer services are measured?

Answer 7

cancer registries - aim to establish incidence and survival over time, between demographics and social groups - can help reduce inequality. can also be used to trace efficacy of screening and primary prevention schemes
allows comparison of quality of care between regions .
evaluates impact of social and environmental factors

Question 8

what do the National Cancer Research Network do and what are their aims?

Answer 8

established in response to need for integration of research and cancer care.
supports prospective cancer trials
aims to increase speed, quality and integration of research to improve pt care

Question 9

what do the National Cancer Research Institute do? (5)

Answer 9

develop common plans for cancer research and avoid unnecessary duplication of studies/effort.
invest in facilities and resources for research.
maintain cancer research database and analyse new research.
develop research initiatives
co-ordinate clinical trials for new drugs

Question 10

give examples of possible psychological consequences of cancer treatment

Answer 10

• psychologically demanding - supposed to help/cure but in short-term it makes you feel worse
• loss of weight,hair changes individual physically which alters body image and they may lose sense of self
• treatment can be intesne and leave no time for social ventures - isolation - depression - anxiety about social events