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Cancer Drugs > Cancer Drug Hardy > Flashcards

Cancer Drug Hardy Flashcards

0
Q

Platinum complexes

A

DNA alkylating agents-cross links base pair and bends DNA
Cisplatin
Carboplatin
Oxaliplatin

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1
Q

Nitrogen mustards

A

DNA alkylating agent
Mechlorethamine
Cyclophosphamide

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2
Q

Alkyl sulfonate

A

DNA alkylating agent

Bushel fan

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3
Q

DNA alkylating agent mechanism

A

Cross links DNA-interferes with unwinding ability

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4
Q

Mechlorethamine

A

Most reactive nitrogen mustard

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5
Q

Toxicity of cyclophosphamide

A

Cardio toxicity, hemorrhagic cystitis, hematuria

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6
Q

MESNA

A

Added to cyclophosphamide to prevent toxicities

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7
Q

Cisplatin toxicity

A

Renal damage (reduced hydration), ototoxicity with hearing loss, peripheral sensory neuropathy

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8
Q

Busulfan toxicity

A

Bone marrow depression (stem cells)

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9
Q

Antimetabolites

A 
Methotrexate
Fluorouracil
Capecitabine
Cytarabine
Mercaptopurine
Asparaginase
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10
Q

Methotrexate mechanism

A

Analog of folic acid
Competitive inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase
Blocks dTMP synthesis which is required for DNA synthesis
Inhibits folate dependent enzymes

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11
Q

Methotrexate toxicity

A

Hepatic necrosis

Bone marrow depression

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12
Q

Fluorouracil mechanism

A

Makes fraudulent dUMP

Inhibits thymidylate synthase

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13
Q

Flurouracil toxicity

A

Sever ulceration of oral and GI mucosa

Diarrhea

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14
Q

Cytarabine toxicity

A

Bone marrow depression

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15
Q

6 mercaptopurine

A

Metabolized in liver (xanthine oxidase and TPMT)
Toxicity=bone marrow depression
Xanthine oxidase inhibitors= reduce drug 75%

Don’t give pts with TPMT and HGPRT

16
Q

Asparginase Erwinia chrysanthemi (erwinaze)

A

Mechanism: hydrolyze asparagine to aspartic acid and ammonia

Toxicity =risk of anaphylaxis

17
Q

Microtubule inhibitors

A

Paclitaxel
Docetaxel
Mechanism= metaphase arrest leads to apoptosis
Toxicity= bone marrow, peripheral sensory neuropathy

18
Q

Topoisomerase inhibitors

A

Doxorubicin
Irinotecan
Mechanism= no way to fix nicked DNA

19
Q

Anthracycline antibiotics

A

Inhibits topoisomerase II

Toxicity= acute and chronic cardiac toxicity

20
Q

Doxorubicin toxicity

A

ECG changes, ventricular arrhythmia, cardiotoxicity, bone marrow depression
Does this by free radical damage

21
Q

Dexrazoxane

A

Used to protect from cardiotoxicity and extravasation from IV doxorubicin

22
Q

Irinotecan

A

Severe GI toxicity
UGT1A1 28 polymorphism
Used for colon cancer

23
Q

Bleomycin

A

Free radical generator, DNA fragmentation
NO bone marrow toxicity
Pulmonary fibrosis

24
Q

Hormone inhibitors

A

Examastane
Letrozole
Anastrozole
Goserelin acetate

25
Q

Exemestane, letrozole, anastrozole mechanism

A

Block androgen to estrogen

26
Q

Pamidronate disodium

A

Used for bone density loss to do hormone inhibitors

27
Q

Tyrosine kinase inhibitors

A 
Trastuzumab
Bevacizumab
Cetuximab
Rituximab
Tamoxifen
Imatinib
28
Q

Trastuzumab

A

Antibody to HER2 receptor

Toxicity: weaken heart muscle, congestive heart failure

29
Q

Bevacizumab

A

Antibody to VEGF
Used fir metastatic colorectal cancer
Toxicity: CHF, GI perforations

30
Q

Cetuximab

A

Binds EGFR or HER1
Colorectal cancer
Only for people who express wildtype KRAS

31
Q

Rituximab

A

Antibody to CD20
Used for B cell malignancies
Side effects: HBV reactivation, PML

32
Q

Tamoxifen

A

Binds estrogen receptor
Estrogen dependent breast cancer
Toxicity: endometrial cancers, venous thrombosis, pulmonary emboli

33
Q

Lapatinib

A

HER2 and HER1 inhibitor

34
Q

Imatinib

A

Inhibitor of constitutive active Bcr-alb tyrosine kinase

35
Q

Nilotinib

A

Inhibitor of Bcr-abl tyrosine kinase

36
Q

Pronatinib

A

Inhibits unmutated and all mutated forms of Bcr-abl

37
Q

ATRA

A

Toxicity: retinoids acid syndrome
Target: APL

38
Q

ATO

A

Toxicity: atrial or ventricular arrhythmias
Target: relapsed APL

Cancer Drugs (1 decks)

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