cancer genetics

Question 1

acquired mutations

Answer 1

arise during an individuals lifetime due to environmental impacts or age

mutations in cells in one part of body leads to unregulated ell division and tumour
spontaneous cancer

Question 2

germline mutations

Answer 2

inherited mutations from either sperm or egg
mutant allele is present in all cells in the body
heredity cancer

Question 3

oncogenes

Answer 3

mutated proto-oncogenes genes

usually play a role in normal cell division
activated when mutated
causes uncontrolled cell division

Question 4

tumour supressor genes

Answer 4

normally limit cell growth and division rates

fixing mistakes in DNA
controlled when a cell dies

Question 5

expression patterns

Answer 5

oncogenes are positive regulator genes that produce factors stimulating the cell cycle
- thus mutations are typically dominant acting
- mutation in one copy of the gene leads to activation