Cancer Metastasis Flashcards
(21 cards)
what main factor affects the opportunity for metastases forming
increased blood vessels in the tumour
what are the three modes by which tumour can spread
bloodstream, lymphatic system and transcoelemic
the liver is a common metastatic site from what cancer
colorectal
axial bone is a common metastatic site from what cancers
breast and prostate
the omentum is a common metastatic site from which cancer
ovarian
the lung is a common metastatic site
true
the spleen is a common metastatic site
false
the kidney is not a common metastatic site
true
the brain is a common metastatic site
true
adrenal glands are not a common metastatic site
false
skeletal muscle is a common metastatic site
false
the heart is not a common metastatic site
true
cachexia is…
weight loss associated with cancer
what are local effects of a malignant tumour
tissue destruction, bleeding and pain from nerve pressure and perineural infiltration
what are the systemic effects of a malignant tumour?
cachexia, normal and abnormal hormone secretion and paraneoplastic syndromes
what are the 4 main types of tumour biomarkers
oncofetal proteins, oncogene, growth factors/receptors and immune checkpoint inhibitors
what is the key biomarker of hepatocellular carcinoma and testicular teratomas?
alpha-feto protein
what cancer is Kras a biomarker for!
colorectal
what cancer is braf a biomarker for?
melanoma
the biomarkers for lung cancer are…
EGFR and PD-L1
her2 is a biomarker for…
breast cancer
