candidal infections Flashcards
(44 cards)
what is the definition of oral candidiasis?
> Infection of the oral/perioral tissue with candida species
- Commonest oral fungal infection in human
- Many species, most common is C. albicans
- Present as commensal organism in up to 50% of general population
- Opportunistic pathogen
what is the general features of oral candidosis?
> Very common clinical problem
- Wide variety of clinical patterns
- Often multifactorial aetiologies
- May indicate serious systemic disease
what is the microbiology of oral candidosis?
> Dimorphic yeast-like fungus
- Blastospore
- Hyphae
what local factors are predisposing to oral candidosis?
> Epithelial changes
> Xerostomia
> High carbohydrate diet
> Smoking
> Broad spectrum antimicrobials
> Corticosteroids
> Dental appliances
> Head and neck irradiation
what systemic factors are predisposing to oral candidosis?
> Physiological
> Malnutrition
> Endocrine
> Malignancy
> Primary immunodeficiency
> Secondary immunodeficiency
what is the HPC of oral candidosis?
> HPC can be varied case by case, some include -
- asymptomatic
- xerostomia
- taste disturbance “yeast”
- abnormal sensation “slimy”
- burning sensation
what are the clinical features of oral candidosis?
> clinical features vary case by case
> mucosa may be white, red or both
> may be evidence of predisposing factors
what is oral candidosis classifications?
- Primary oral candidosis - which is confirmed to oral and perioral tissues
- candida associated lesions
- secondary oral candidosis which is distributed in other parts of the body as well as the oral cavity
what is pseudomembranous candidosis also referred to as?
Thrush
what is the age and sex demographic of pseudomembranous candidosis?
> neonates and adults
> M=F
what is the clinical presentation of pseudomembranous candidosis?
> semi adherent white/creamy drop like or confluent patches
> Wiped off to reveal an erythematous base
> tend to Recur
what is the difference between acute and chronic pseudomembranous candidosis?
> acute appears on - palate, dorsum of
tongue, buccal mucosa
> chronic appears on - palate, OROPHARYNX, tongue dorsum
what causes erythematous candidosis?
> corticosteroid use
> antibiotic therapy
> HIV
where are the common sites of erythematous candidosis?
> dorsum of the tongue
> and the opposing palate
> erythematous stands for red patch - inflamed areas of mucosa
what is chronic hyperplastic candidosis also referred to as?
> candida leukoplakia
what is the age and sex demographic of chronic hyperplastic candidosis?
> middle aged
> M=F
what is the clinical features and key sites of chronic hyperplastic candidosis?
> adherent plaques
white speckled lesions
> commissures of mouth
buccal mucosa
palate
tongue
what classification does angular cheilitis fall into?
candida associated lesions
what is angular cheilitis?
> inflammation, fissuring and pain of the skin at commissure
mixed infection
how many people does angular cheilitis effect? and what is its sex demographic?
> 2% of adults
> M=F
what classification does median rhomboid glossitis fall into?
> candida associated lesions
describe median rhomboid glossitis?
> Papillary atrophy, occasionally hyperplastic or exophytic (growth outwards)
> Midline of tongue
> Elliptical or rhomboid in shape
> Asymptomatic
> linked to predisposing factors
what is the age and sex demographic of median rhomboid glossitis?
> middle aged and older
> M>F
what classification does denture associated erythematous candidosis fall into?
> candida associated lesions
