Canine

Question 1

Phimosis

Answer 1

inability to extrude the penis due to constriction at the preputial orifice

Question 2

paraphimosis

Answer 2

inability to retract the penis into the preputial cavity

Question 3

balanoposthitis

Answer 3

inflammation of the penile (balanitis) and preputial (posthitis) mucosa

Question 4

priapism

Answer 4

persistent abnormal erection of the penis in the absence of sexual stimulation, generally accompanied by pain and tenderness

Question 5

systolic murmur on left side between 2nd and 4th intercostal space

Answer 5

pulmonic stenosis

Question 6

aortic stenosis

Answer 6

systolic murmur heard on the left between the 2nd and 5th ICS or at the thoracic inlet

Question 7

mitral dysplasia

Answer 7

murmur heard on the left side between the 5th and 6th ICS

Question 8

tricuspid dysplasia

Answer 8

heard on the right at 5th-6th ICS

Question 9

which dog breeds have a higher incidence of mammary tumors

Answer 9

GSD, spanials, pointers, poodles, daschunds and yorkshires

Question 10

which breed has a genetic predisposition to pulmonic stenosis

Answer 10

beagles

Question 11

which dog breed is predisposed to arrhythmogenic righ ventricular cardiomyopathy

Answer 11

boxers

Question 12

which breeds are predisposed to developing lymphoma

Answer 12

boxers, basset hounds and rottweilers

Question 13

which animals are unseasonally monoestrous

Answer 13

dogs

Question 14

how many heat cycles do dogs have per year

Answer 14

2

Question 15

which breeds have a predilection to aortic stenosis (systolic murmur on the left side between the 2nd and 5th ICS

Answer 15

large breeds – newfoundlands, GSD, golden retrievers, boxer and rottweilers

Question 16

class 1 heartworm disease

Answer 16

asymptomatic to mild case with no radiographic or lab abnormalities

Question 17

class 2 heartworm disease

Answer 17

moderate with occasional coughing and mild-to-moderate exercise intolerance. PE may have slight loss of body condition and increase lung sounds. radiographic changes – right ventricular enlargement. lab results may show anemia and proteinuria

Question 18

class 3 heartworm disease

Answer 18

severe. weight loss, exercise intolerance and tachypnea at rest. look for severe or persistent cough, dyspnea, hemoptysis, fainting and ascites. severe rad abnormalities with right ventricular hypertrophy, enlargement of main pulmonary artery and diffuse pulmonary densities. lab – anemia, thrombocytopenia, and proteinuria

Question 19

class 4 heartworm disease

Answer 19

caval syndrome – acute shock like presentation. acute collapse, hemoglobinuria, resp distress.

Question 20

progressive retinal atrophy

Answer 20

gradual onset blindness
dilated pupils, poorly responsive to light
fundic exam – bilateral tapetal hyper-reflectivity and non-tapetal depigmentation

Question 21

sudden acquired retinal degeneration

Answer 21

middle aged to older dogs, associated with metabolic abnormalities

Question 22

canine acanthomatous amelobalastoma can also be referred to as

Answer 22

epulis - benign oral tumor of the periodontal ligament
aggressively invade local tissues
surgical removal

Question 23

common complication after removing an insulinoma

Answer 23

pacreatitis

Question 24

treatment of choice for atlantoaxial instability/subluxation

Answer 24

ventral cancellous bone graft and transarticular pinning

Question 25

what occurs with damage to the abducens (CN6) nerve

Answer 25

ipsilateral medial strabismus (innervates the lateral rectus muscle of the eye)

Question 26

what muscles does the oculomotor nerve innervate

Answer 26

medial, dorsal and ventral rectus and ventral oblique muscle

Question 27

what does damage to the oculomotor nerve cause (N3)

Answer 27

ventrolateral strabismus

Question 28

what muscle does the trochlear nerve innervate

Answer 28

dorsal oblique (damage causes rotation of the ey outwards)

Question 29

when do eyelids and external ear canals of puppies open

Answer 29

14 days

Question 30

what does carprofen cause in dogs

Answer 30

gastric ulceration and nephropathy

Question 31

name two toxins that cause ARF in dogs

Answer 31

raison and ethylene glycol

Question 32

what do macadamia nuts cause in dogs

Answer 32

vomiting, ataxia, weakness, hyperthermia, depression

Question 33

what does xylitol cause in dogs

Answer 33

rapid insulin release leading to hypoglycemia and possible hepatic injury

Question 34

what do avocados do to dogs

Answer 34

myocardial nerosis

Question 35

what does chocolate cause in dogs

Answer 35

life threatening cardiac arrhythmia and CNS dysfunction

Question 36

what does bufotoxin cause in dogs (toad toxin)

Answer 36

cardiac arrhythmias and convulsions

Question 37

what does acetaminophen cause in dogs

Answer 37

liver necrosis and methemoglobinuria

Question 38

what does pentchlorophenol cause in dogs

Answer 38

nervousness, rapid pulse and resp rate, weakness, fever and convulsions

Question 39

5 round cell tumors in dogs

Answer 39

mast cell, histiocytoma, cutaneous lymphoma, transmissible venereal tumor, malignant melanoma, plasmacytoma

Question 40

treatment of choice for cutaneous vasculitis

Answer 40

pentoxyfylline and steroids

Question 41

breed predisposition for hypoadrenocorticism

Answer 41

great danes, standard poodles, rottweilers, portugese water dogs, west highland white terriers, wheaten terriers

Question 42

best place to take a bone marrow biopsy in a dog

Answer 42

iliac crest

Question 43

episioplasty

Answer 43

removal of redudant skin folds in the vulvar area of dogs

Question 44

which dogs commonly have congenital myasthenia gravis

Answer 44

jack russels, springer spaniels, fox terriers, samoyeds and mini daschunds

Question 45

good control of DM has glucose values of

Answer 45

greater than 90 but less than 250

Question 46

which breeds are prone to pericardial effusion

Answer 46

german shepherd and golden retriever

Question 47

wobbler syndrome

Answer 47

due to malformation of cervical bone or ligaments

Question 48

tetralogy of fallot includes

Answer 48

VSD, pulmonic stenosis, overriding aorta and right ventricular hypertrophy

Question 49

median survival time of a dog with malignant melanoma tumor (oral) and surgical treatment only

Answer 49

3-4 months | local recurrence is more than 70%

Question 50

paronychia

Answer 50

swelling around a single nail bed caused by neoplasia, infection or immune mediated disease

Question 51

onychorrhexis

Answer 51

brittle nails that are easily broken

Question 52

onychomycosis

Answer 52

fungal infection of nail bed (trichophyton)

Question 53

onychomadesis

Answer 53

sloughing of nail

Question 54

what electrolyte abnormality is atrial standstill associated with

Answer 54

hyperkalemia (greater than 8.5)

Question 55

causes of hyperkalemia

Answer 55

hypoadrenocorticism, ARF and urinary obstruction

Question 56

which breeds are predisposed to congenital idiopahic mega-esophagus

Answer 56

wirehair fox terriers and mini schnauzers

Question 57

what lesion does rocky mountain spotted fever cause

Answer 57

petechiation due to vasculitis and thrombocytopenia

Question 58

vaginal cytology of a dog that's ready to breed

Answer 58

90% cornified superficial cells and no neuts

Question 59

recommended surgery for ceruminous gland adenocarcinoma

Answer 59

total ear ablation with bulla osteotomy

Question 60

what does electrical alternans occur with (variation in R wave amplitude)

Answer 60

swinging motion of the heart within pericardial effusion

Question 61

diagnosis of hepatozoonosis

Answer 61

identification of gametocytes on a blood smear of peripheral blood leukocytes

Question 62

what does aspergillus look like

Answer 62

narrow, hyaline, septate and branching hyphae

Question 63

what are the insensible fluid losses in a dog

Answer 63

20 ml/kg/day

Question 64

what percentage of HAC are due to pituitary problem

Answer 64

80-85%

Question 65

prognosis of hard pad disease (distemper_

Answer 65

50% survive with good supportive care

Question 66

median survival of DM if treated properly

Answer 66

3 years

Question 67

meningiomas are common in which breeds

Answer 67

doliocephalic -- IE golden retriever

Question 68

what is the vector for canine erhlichiosis

Answer 68

rhipicephalus (tick)