canine - parameters, diet, disease, routine procedures, welfare issues, common problems etc.

Question 1

heart rate
(incl point to note)

Answer 1

60-120bpm
size dep - larger dogs normal HR lower than smaller

Question 2

respiration rate

Answer 2

10-30 breaths per min

Question 3

temperature

Answer 3

38.3-39.4°C

Question 4

mucous membrane colour

Answer 4

salmon pink

Question 5

what makes up a suitable diet?

Answer 5

• life stage appropriate
• fed in correct amounts
• commercially prepared and available (includes raw food) (to ensure standards are met and food is safe and suitable for dog’s consumption?

Question 6

capillary refill time

Answer 6

<2 secs

Question 7

gestation period

Answer 7

63 days

Question 8

diseases that have prescription diets (6)

Answer 8

Obesity
Kidney disease
GI disease
Liver disease
Heart disease
Urinary tract (prevention of bladder stones)

Question 9

distemper - what does it affect? 2

(infectious diseases)

Answer 9

GI and respiratory tract

Question 10

infectious hepatitis - what does it affect?

(infectious diseases)

Answer 10

liver

Question 11

parvovirus - what does it affect?

(infectious diseases)

Answer 11

GI tract

Question 12

leptospirosis - what does it affect? 2

(infectious diseases)

Answer 12

liver and kidney

ZOONOTIC

Question 13

parainfluenza ((Canine infectious tracheobronchitis) - what does it affect?

(infectious diseases)

Answer 13

respiratory tract

Question 14

bordetella bronchiseptica - what does it affect?

(infectious diseases)

Answer 14

respiratory tract

Question 15

formal name for kennel cough

Answer 15

bordetella bronchiseptica

Question 16

prevention for infectious diseases

Answer 16

VACCINATION
- 2-3 vaccs 2-4 weeks apart
- boosters each year
- **(BUT not all vaccs given yearly after 1st booster; some less often?)
- separate live vacc for kennel cough

Question 17

which diseases are zoonotic?

distemper
infectious hepatitis
parvovirus
leptospirosis
parainfluenza
bordetella bronchiseptica (KC)

Answer 17

distemper (???CHECK)
COMPLETE WITH ANSWERS FROM 25TH APRIL ANSWERS

Question 18

name 6 inherited disorders

Answer 18

1 elbow dysplasia
2 hip dysplasia
3 brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS)
4 syringomyelia
5 cryptorchidism
6 eye conditions e.g. glaucoma, retinal dysplasia

Question 19

what is syringomyelia (brief)

Answer 19

fluid filled cavities that develop within spinal cord

Question 20

what is cryptorchidism (brief)

Answer 20

one/both testicles fail to drop down into scrotum (can become cancerous/twisted)

Question 21

prevention of hereditary disorders - how?

Answer 21

• tested for (to prevent being passed on through breeding)
• some easier to recognise by physical exam e.g. BOAS
• there aren’t not tests for all

Question 22

define ectoparasites

Answer 22

parasite which lives outside host (e.g. on skin/coat)

Question 23

3 types of ectoparasites

Answer 23

fleas
ticks
mites (ear/demodex)

Question 24

define endoparasite

Answer 24

live inside host
usually within GI tract (or lung/heart/protozoa)

Question 25

types of endoparasites

Answer 25

worms - roundworms/tapeworms (many diff sub species, some zoonotic, many preventative treatments)

Question 26

5 ways that dogs can contract worms

Answer 26

contaminated soil, mothers (in stomach/feeding off?), raw meat/contaminated dead animals, eating snails, eating poo

Question 27

how often dogs should be wormed

Answer 27

3 months (puppies more often) ## Footnote under 12wks doit every 2 wks, after 12 weeks your puppies should be wormed once a month until they are six months old

Question 28

5 routine procedures

Answer 28

- vaccination - microchipping - neutering - parasite control (e.g. ticks, worming) - dental hygiene

Question 29

neutering procedure for female dogs - name - what it involves -when it is done

Answer 29

- spay - ovariohysteretomy (remove uterus and ovaries) OR ovariectomy (remove ovaries) - breed and size dep (usually after 1st season - will learn more),

Question 30

neutering procedure for male dogs - name - what it involves - when it is done

Answer 30

- castration - removal of testicles - breed and size dep (larger the dog = older they will be when safe to neuter)

Question 31

top 3 welfare issues

Answer 31

1 inappropriate husbandry 2 lack of owner knowledge 3 undesirable behaviour

Question 32

top 3 'most urgent' (dog welfare issues)

Answer 32

1 conformation related disorders (e.g. GSD hips) 2 inappropriate soc. 3 inherited disease

Question 33

top dog welfare problems

Answer 33

- inherited disease + exaggerated conformation - production of puppies (puppy farms, illegal importation) - unrecognised/untreated disease - inappropriate training and unregulated behaviourists

Question 34

8 controversial issues

Answer 34

1 raw diet 2 ear cropping 3 BOAS (brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome) 4 obesity 5 homeopathic treatment 6 tail docking 7 veg diets 8 electric shock collars

Question 35

benefits of castration: 5

Answer 35

- pop control - prevent testicular cancer - reduce risk of prostatic (prostate) disease - control sexually driven behaviours - reduce dog-dog aggression

Question 36

term for when 1 or both testicles have not descended?

Answer 36

cryptorchidism (unilateral - 1) (bilateral - 2)

Question 37

castration on an anxious dog - why this may be an issue?

Answer 37

castration can exacerbate anxiety/shyness

Question 38

why must you wait 3 months post season to spay?

Answer 38

- reduce risk of ongoing hormonal problems - reduce risk of intra-operative bleeding

Question 39

benefits of spaying:

Answer 39

- prevents pregnancy - prevents FALSE pregnancies - prevents pyometra (infection of uterus) - prevent ovarian cancer - reduce risk of mammary problems (e.g. tumours) - no more seasons (being in heat)

Question 40

what does it mean if an action is: - rewarding - aversive (in terms of behaviour control/management)

Answer 40

- reinforces behaviour - decreases behaviour