Canine Parasites

Question 1

The Big 4 Parasites of dogs

Answer 1

1. Roundworms 2. Hookworms 3. Whipworms 4. Tapeworms

Question 2

An ascarid known as the “large roundworm of canines” (large, robust nematode) Found in the small intestines Causes pot belly in dogs

Answer 2

Toxocara canis

Question 3

These roundworms can be transmitted transplacentally (pups are born with them if mother is infected) or by direct ingestion of infectious eggs Most common parasite in dogs

Answer 3

Toxocara canis

Question 4

This parasite causes ocular larval migrans or visceral larval migrans in humans

Answer 4

Toxocara canis

Question 5

Answer 5

Toxocara canis

Question 6

Known as the K9 hookworm

Nematode of the small intestines that causes anemia and melena

Can travel percutaneously

Answer 6

Ancylostoma sp.

Question 7

The “Warm Weather Hookworm” that feeds off of blood

Has sharp teeth

Answer 7

Ancylostoma caninum

Question 8

Answer 8

Ancylostoma sp.

Question 9

Zoonosis of this parasite causes creeping eruptions in humans

AKA. cutaneous larval migrans

Answer 9

Ancylostoma sp.

Question 10

Known as the Cold Weather Hookworm

Can be transmitted percutaneous (though not as likely) or ingestion of infective larva

Mouth is made of cutting plates, not sharp teeth so they are not voracious blood suckers

Answer 10

Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 11

Answer 11

Uncinaria stenocephala

Question 12

The Canine Whipworm

Found in the LARGE instestines, not small

Causes severe, watery diarrhea, hematochezia, and rapid dehydration

Passed through the ingestion of infective eggs

Answer 12

Trichuris vulpis

Question 13

Bright red blood in stool

Answer 13

hematochezia

Question 14

Eggs are dense and heavy and can survive for years

These eggs have plugs that serve as an operculum

Use a sugar solution with centrifugal floatation testing

Answer 14

Trichuris vulpis

Question 15

Answer 15

Trichuris vulpis

Question 16

The Nasal Worm of canines

Found in the nasal sinuses (turbinates)

Causes dogs to press their noses against wall or floor

Formerly known as Capillaria bohmi

Answer 16

Eucoleus bohmi

Question 17

Answer 17

Eucoleus bohmi

Question 18

The Canine Lungworm

Passed through the ingestion of a paratenic host or infective LARVA

Live in nodules of the lungs so bronchoscopy would help determine what species

Infective L1

Causes chronic C+

Answer 18

Filaroides sp.

Question 19

Filaroides sp. found in the trachea and bronchioles

Answer 19

F. osleri

Question 20

Filaroides sp. found in the lung parenchyma

Answer 20

F. hirthi

Question 21

Filaroides sp. found in the bronchioles

Answer 21

F. milksi

Question 22

L1s have s-shaped tail

Baermann test is best for the larva

Answer 22

Filaroides sp.

Question 23

Answer 23

Filaroides sp.

Question 24

The “Stomach Worm”/”Esophageal Worm”

Caused from ingestion of raw chicken or a dung beetle

Bright red/orange colored worms

If left untreated it can cause malignant tumors

Answer 24

Spirocirca lupi

Question 25

Paperclip like eggs Control by not letting dogs eat raw chicken or hunt animals

Answer 25

Spirocirca lupi

Question 26

Answer 26

Spirocirca lupi

Question 27

Giant Kidney Worm in dogs Largest nematodes that affect domestic animals (can be up to 3 ft) Eats the kidney from inside out Eggs are carried in urine

Answer 27

Dioctophyma renale

Question 28

Test using the sedimentation of urine To remove, best practice is nephrectomy Dark brown, thick-walled barrel shaped egg with a pitted shell and operculum at each pole

Answer 28

Dioctophyma renale

Question 29

Answer 29

Dioctophyma renale

Question 30

The Guinea Worm Found in the subcutaneous tissues of dogs Leaves pea-sized blisters on legs, elbows, and axillary area Blisters are painful and itchy Caused by ingestion of crustaceans in infected water or drinking infected water

Answer 30

Dracunculus insignis

Question 31

Comma shaped larva When blister is dipped in water, female erupts from the blister and releases larva Testing used: direct smear of fluid in the blister

Answer 31

Dracunculus insignis

Question 32

Answer 32

Dracunculus insignis

Question 33

Canine heartworm Affects the pulmonary arteries and right ventricle PPP: 6-8 mos Spread through bite of an infected mosquito

Answer 33

Dirofilaria immitis

Question 34

When viewing on a slide, microfilaria stay in one spot and undulate in a sluggish manner ELISA test is best for diagnostics Using preventatives is the best practice

Answer 34

Dirofilaria immitis

Question 35

Answer 35

Dirofilaria immitis

Question 36

Most common adulticide for treating Heartworm

Answer 36

Immiticide

Question 37

When a dog is treated with Immiticide, the injection is given

Answer 37

IM in the epaxials

Question 38

How many injections are given of Immiticide in heartworm treatment?

Answer 38

3

Question 39

To treat microfilaria in a pt with heartworm dz, a microfilaricide is given first. What is the most common?

Answer 39

Ivermectin

Question 40

This drug used to be in practice for treating heartworm dz, but has been replaced by immiticide

Answer 40

Carparsolate

Question 41

Subcutaneous filarial worm (nematode) Formerly called Dipetalonema reconditum Nonpathogenic Transmitted through infective flea bites Very skinny, hairlike nematode

Answer 41

Acanthocheilonema reconditum

Question 42

Blunt shaped tail with a hook Best prevention is flea preventatives

Answer 42

Acanthocheilonema reconditum

Question 43

Answer 43

Acanthocheilonema reconditium