CAP revision (memory models, specialist training, achievement motivation)

Question 1

What are the 4 specialist training methods?

Answer 1

• Altitude training
• High Intensity Interval Training
• Plyometrics
• Speed Agility Quickness

Question 2

What is altitude training?

Answer 2

• 2000m+ above sea level
• 30 days
• 3 stages: climatisation, primary training, recovery

Question 3

What are the benefits of altitude training?

Answer 3

• Increased EPO leading to increased red blood cells
• Increased haemoglobin and myoglobin
• Increased capillarisation

Question 4

What are the drawbacks of altitude training?

Answer 4

• Altitude sickness
• Cost
• Psychological problems
• Benefits can be lost within a few days

Question 5

What is High Intensity Interval Training?

Answer 5

• 6-8 cycles
• Anaerobic exercise followed by aerobic rest
• Maintains motivation

Question 6

What are the benefits of High Intensity Interval Training?

Answer 6

• Works both energy systems
• Adapts performer to working under fatigue
• work/rest can be adapted to positions

Question 7

What are the drawbacks of High Intensity Interval Training?

Answer 7

• High Intensity = risk of injury
• Intensity impacts performance of skill
• Long rest intervals

Question 8

What is plyometric training?

Answer 8

• Hopping, skipping, bounding
• Builds jumping power
• 3 stages = - Eccentric: muscle lengthens
  - Amortisation: short as possible, elastic energy stored
  - Concentric: energy increases force of contraction

Question 9

What are the advantages of plyometrics?

Answer 9

• Increased power and force of contraction
• Faster speed of contraction
• Better agility

Question 10

What are the drawbacks of plyometrics?

Answer 10

• Risk of injury
• Only one component of fitness
• Not necessary for all sports

Question 11

What is Speed Agility Quickness training?

Answer 11

Improving multi directional movements using the neuromuscular system in coached drills

Question 12

What are the benefits of Speed Agility Quickness training?

Answer 12

• Increased muscular power
• Decreased risk of injury
• Better motor skills
• Better reaction time

Question 13

What are the drawbacks of Speed Agility Quickness training?

Answer 13

• Risk of injury if not performed correctly
• Cost of equipment
• Technique must be specific

Question 14

What are the 4 types of motivation?

Answer 14

• Intrinsic: from within the performer (e.g. enjoyment)
• Extrinsic: from an outside source (e.g. money, fame)
• Tangible: can be physically touched (e.g. trophies)
• Intangible: non physical (e.g. praise)

Question 15

What is the basis of Achievement Motivation Theory?

Answer 15

Achievement Motivation = desire to succeed - chance of failure

Question 16

What are the two types of achievement performers

Answer 16

• Need to Achieve
• Need to Avoid Failure

Question 17

What are the characteristics of a Need to Achieve performer?

Answer 17

• Enjoy competition and risks
• High task persistence
• Confident
• Attribute success to internal factors
• Enjoy feedback

Question 18

What are the characteristics of a Need to Avoid Failure performer?

Answer 18

• Don’t enjoy competition/risk
• Low task persistence
• Low confidence
• Attribute success to external factors
• Don’t enjoy feedback

Question 19

What is the Multi store memory model/general information processing model

Answer 19

• Short Term Sensory Store: undergoes selective attention and sends relevant stimuli to STM
• Short Term Memory: receives relevant stimuli and undergoes DCR process to make a decision (choosing motor programme)
• Long Term Memory: sends relevant motor programme to STM where it’s initiated

Question 20

What is Baddeley and Hitch’s Memory model?

Answer 20

• Phonological loop: processes auditory stimuli
• Visuospatial sketchpad: processes visual stimuli
• Central executive: boss, sends tasks to VS and PL to focus on other stimuli
• Episodic Buffer: Links VS and PL to create a response