CAPACITY MANAGEMENT AND DESIGN OF WORK SYSTEMS

Question 1

What is capacity?

Answer 1

It is the maximal amount of output the system can produce, or the maximum number of customers it can serve.
What a system is CAPABLE of producing
Directly related to the resources available for the operations.

Question 2

How can we measure capacity?

Answer 2

It is measured by the quantity of output the operational system can produce.

Question 3

What is a flow chart ?

Answer 3

Using the symbols in a sequence of steps comprising a process -> is to visualize each stage in the process, the sequence of the work, the tasks that are performed in parallel.

Question 4

What is the meaning of each symbol used to represent operations?

Answer 4

Circle: Activity or task that contributes to the processing of the product
Arrow: Indicates the transportation, and handling from one location to another
Inverted triangle: Storage activity
D: Delay or wait time that is part of the process
Square: Inspection, control point or verification
Diamond: Alternative or decision that result the process to take different paths

Question 5

what is a process chart?

Answer 5

Is in the form of a table.
it is more concise and takes less space while allowing for the addition of information.

Question 6

What is the flow diagram?

Answer 6

The chart shows the movement in space of work-in-process, employees, or customers.

Question 7

what is work measurement?

Answer 7

It is determining the time required to execute each task or activity

Question 8

What is the stopwatch time study?

Answer 8

Represents the time required to perform each task because it is based on direct observation and timing of the actual work

Question 9

What are the steps in a stopwatch time?

Answer 9

1. breaking down the task
2. Determination of the number of measurements
3. Measurement taking -> Average Observed time (OT)
4. Evaluation of the place of work of the employee observed -> Performance rating (PR)

NT = OT X (PR)/100

5. Allowance for fatigue and normal delays

ST = NT X (1+ Allowance Factor)

Question 10

What are the uses of the work measurement results?

Answer 10

1. Process imporvement
2. Calculation of costs
3. Calculation of capacity
4. Performance measurement

Question 11

What is the bottleneck?

Answer 11

It is the step with the lowest capacity

Question 12

How can we manage the bottleneck?

Answer 12

Keep a buffer stock, unused resources can be transferred to the bottleneck, adding a work station,

Question 13

What is affecting the capacity?

Answer 13

1. The time it takes to convert an input into an output
2. The amount of resources available to carry out this transformation
3. Transformation process
4. Potential stoppages or slowdowns
5. Hours worked
6. The learning curve effect
7. Range of products and the batch sizes

Question 14

What is the learning curve effect?

Answer 14

the more we do processes, the less time it takes
If a process is long, it takes more repetition