CARBOHYDRATES

Question 1

SIMPLIEST CARBOHYDRATE

Answer 1

GLYCOL ALDEHYDE

Question 2

IT MAKES GLUCOSE AN ACTIVE REDUCING SUBSTANCE

Answer 2

DOUBLE BOND AND NEGATIVE CHARGE IN ENOLASE

Question 3

MOST COMMON REDUCING SUGAR

Answer 3

SUCROSE

Question 4

IS THE ONLY CARBOHYDRATE THAT IS DIRECTLY USED FOR ENERGY OR GLYCOGEN

Answer 4

GLUCOSE

Question 5

2/3 OF GLUCOSE UTILIZATION IN RESTING ADULTS OCCURS IN

Answer 5

CNS

Question 6

FUNCTIONS AS BOTH ENDOCRINE AND EXOCRINE GLAND

Answer 6

PANCREAS

Question 7

PRIMARY ENTRY OF GLUCOSE IN CELL

B-CELLS

RELEASED WHEN HIGH GLUCOSE

HYPOGLYCEMIC AGENT

Answer 7

INSULIN

Question 8

PROMOTES

• GLYCOGENESIS
• LIPOGENESIS
• GLYCOLYSIS

DECREASE
- GLYCOGENOLYSIS

Answer 8

INSULIN

Question 9

HYPERGLYCEMIC AGENT

A-CELLS

RELEASED DURING STRESS OR FASTING

Answer 9

GLUCAGON

Question 10

ENHANCES CATABOLIC FUNCTIONS DURING FASTING

PROMOTES GLYCOGENOLYSIS

Answer 10

GLUCAGON

Question 11

SECRETED BY: ZONA FASCICULATA AND ZONA RETICULARIS

DECREASE: INTESTINAL ENTRY OF GLUCOSE

Answer 11

CORTISOL AND CORTICOSTEROIDS

Question 12

CHROMAFFIN CELLS

INHIBITS INSULIN SECRETION

Answer 12

CATECHOLAMINES

Question 13

DECREASES ENTRY OF GLUCOSE INTO CELL

Answer 13

GROWTH HORMONE (SOMATOTROPHIC)

Question 14

PROMOTES GLYCOGENOLYSIS, GLUCONEOGENESIS AND INTESTINAL ABSORPTION OF GLUCOSE

Answer 14

THYROID HORMONES

Question 15

STIMULATES RELEASE OF CORTISOL

PROMOTES GLYCOGENOLYSIS AND GLUCONEOGENESIS

Answer 15

ACTH

Question 16

DELTA CELLS

INHIBITS INSULIN AND GLUCAGON

Answer 16

SOMATOSTATIN

Question 17

INCREASE IN BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS

FBS: >126 MG/DL

Answer 17

HYPERGLYCEMIA

Question 18

LAB FINDINGS IN HYPERGLYCEMIA

Answer 18

INC: GLUCOSE IN PLASMA AND URINE, URINE SPECIFIC GRAVITY

KETONES IN SERUM AND URINE

DEC: BLOOD AND URINE PH

ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE

Question 19

IMBALANCE OF GLUCOSE UTILIZATION AND PRODUCTION

Answer 19

HYPOGLYCEMIA

Question 20

OBSERVABLE SYMPTOMS OF HYPOGLYCEMIA

Answer 20

50-55MG/DL

Question 21

DIAGNOSTIC HYPOGLYCEMIA VALUE

Answer 21

<50 MG/DL

Question 22

HYPOGLYCEMIC CHALLENGE TEST

Answer 22

5 HOUR GTT

Question 23

DEFECT IN INSULIN SECRETION AND RECEPTOR

Answer 23

DIABETES MELLITUS

Question 24

DIAGNOSTIC VALUE FOR FASTING PLASMA GLUCOSE FOR DM

Answer 24

> 126 MG/DL

Question 25

PLASMA GLUCOSE VALUE FOR GLUCOSURIA WITH NORMAL RENAL FUNCTION

Answer 25

>18.3 MG/DL

Question 26

EXCESSIVE SYSNTHESIS OF ACETYL-COA ENERGY FROM STORED FAT SEVERE UNCONTROLLED DIABETES

Answer 26

KETOSIS

Question 27

RATIO OF B-HYDROXYBUTYRATE AND ACETOACETATE

Answer 27

6:1

Question 28

LAB DIAGNOSIS FOR DM

Answer 28

HYPERTENSION INC TAG DEC HDL IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

Question 29

INSULIN DEPENDENT/JUVENILE/BRITTLE/KETOSIS MICROVASCULAR DISORDERS

Answer 29

TYPE 1

Question 30

AT RISK FOR TYPE 1 DM

Answer 30

HIGH TITER OF MULTIPLE AUTOANTIBODIES

Question 31

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY VALUE

Answer 31

30-300MG/24 HOURS

Question 32

NO KNOWN ETIOLOGY INHERITED NO B-CELL AUTOANTIBODIES EPISODIC INSULIN REPLACEMENT

Answer 32

IDIOPATHIC TYPE 1 DM

Question 33

NON INSULIN DEPENDENT/ ADULT/ STABLE/ KETOSIS RESISTANT/ RECEPTOR DEFICIENT DM

Answer 33

TYPE 2 DM

Question 34

RESISTANT TO INSULIN ADN RELATIVE INSULIN DEFICIENCY

Answer 34

TYPE 2 DM

Question 35

GENETIC'S NIGHTMARE

Answer 35

TYPE 2 DM

Question 36

DEVELOP MACROVASCULAR AND MICROVASCULAR

Answer 36

TYPE 2 DM

Question 37

UNTREATED TYPE 2 DM WILL RESULT TO

Answer 37

NON KETOTIC HYPEROSMOLAR COMA

Question 38

OVER PRODUCTION OF GLUCOSE, SEVERE DEHYDRATION, ELECTROLYTE IMBALANCE, INCREASED BUN AND CREATININE

Answer 38

NONKETOTIC HYPEROSMOLAR COMA

Question 39

C PEPTIDE LEVELS ARE UNDETECTABLE

Answer 39

TYPE 1 DM

Question 40

DRUG INDUCERS FOR B-CELL DYSFUNCTION

Answer 40

DILANTIN AND PENTAMIDINE

Question 41

IMPAIRS INSULIN ACTION

Answer 41

THIAZIDES AND GLUCOCORTICOIDS

Question 42

IMPAIRED ABILITY TO METABOLIZE CARBOHYDRATE CAUSED BY DEFICIENCY OF INSULIN, METABOLIC OR HORMONAL CHANGES

Answer 42

GDM

Question 43

SCREENING TEST DONE FOR GDM

Answer 43

24 AND 28 WEEKS OF GESTATION

Question 44

CHALLENGE SCREENING TEST FOR GDM

Answer 44

1 HOUR - 50g

Question 45

FULL DIAGNOSTIC GLUCOSE TOLERANCE TEST CONCENTRATION FOR GDM

Answer 45

140 MG/DL

Question 46

DIAGNOSTIC GLUCOSE CHALLENGE TEST FOR GDM

Answer 46

3 HOUR- 100g

Question 47

OGTT RESULTS

Answer 47

FBS - >95 1 HOUR >180 2 HOUR >155 3 HOUR >140

Question 48

RISK OF INFANTS WHEN THEIR MOTHER HAS GDM

Answer 48

RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME HYPOCALCEMIA HYPERBILIRUBINEMIA MACROSURIA

Question 49

AFTER GIVING BIRTH GDM WOMEN SHOULD BE EVALUATED AT

Answer 49

6 TO 12 WEEKS POSTPARTUM

Question 50

FBS BETWEEN NORMAL AND DIABETIC

Answer 50

IMPAIRED FASTING GLUCOSE

Question 51

FBS < REQUIRED DIAGNOSIS OF DIABETES BUT OGTT IS BETWEEN NORMAL AND DIABETIC VALUES

Answer 51

IMPAIRED GLUCOSE TOLERANCE

Question 52

WHOLE BLOOD IS __ THAN SERUM OR PLASMA

Answer 52

15% LOWER

Question 53

VENOUS BLOOD GLUCOSE IS ___ THAN CAPILLARY

Answer 53

7 MG/DL LOWER

Question 54

CSF GLUCOSE SHOULD BE ___ OF PLASMA CONCENTRATION

Answer 54

60%

Question 55

SAME GLUCOSE VALUE WITH PERITONEAL FLUID

Answer 55

PLASMA GLUCOSE

Question 56

PLASMA GLUCOSE LEEL INCREASE WITH AGE

Answer 56

2 MG/DL/DECADE FASTING 4 MG/DL/DECADE POSTPRANDIAL 8 MG/DL/DECADE GLUCOSE CHALLENGE

Question 57

AT RT GLYCOLYSIS DECREASES GLUCOSE BY ___ IN UNCENTRIFUGED BLOOD

Answer 57

5-7%/HOUR

Question 58

AT REFRIGERATED, GLUCOSE IS METABOLIZED AT ___

Answer 58

1-2 MG/DL/HR

Question 59

IT METABOLIZES GLUCOSE RESULTING TO DECREASE VALUE IN CLOTTED UNCENTRIFUGED BLOOD

Answer 59

WBC AND RBC