Carbohydrates

Question 1

Gluconeogenesis is necessary When carbohydrate intake is low because glucose is needed for:

Answer 1

Red Blood cells, the brain

Question 2

Gluconeogenesis occurs in the

Answer 2

Liver and kidney

Question 3

Gluconeogenesis begins

Answer 3

4-6 hours after a meal

Question 4

In addition to fructose, glucose and galactose, the monosaccharide category also includes

Answer 4

Sugar alcohols and pentoses

Question 5

Which form of starch is most abundant?

Answer 5

Amylopectin makes up about 80% of starch

Question 6

Glucose can be made from

Answer 6

Glucogenic amino acids, lactate, glycerol

Question 7

Short chain fatty acids created from microbial fermentation in the gut can

Answer 7

Provide energy for the colonic epithelium and influence hepatic insulin sensitivity

Question 8

Hormones that are involved in blood glucose levels

Answer 8

Insulin, glucagon, Epinephrine and glucocorticoids

Question 9

Cells that release anabolic hormone insulin

Answer 9

Beta cells of the pancreas

Question 10

Cells that release glucagon and what glucagon does

Answer 10

Alpha cells of the pancreas; Increase production of glucose via glucogenolysis and gluconeogenesis

Question 11

1 source of carbohydrate in the diet of individuals 19 and older

Answer 11

Soft drinks

Question 12

Gluten is found in

Answer 12

Wheat, barley, rye, triticale

Question 13

Where is fructose metabolized and what is the end result

Answer 13

Ptosis metabolized in the liver and will trigger lipogenesis in the liver when fat oxidation is low