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biochemistry: carbohydrates > CARBOHYDRATES > Flashcards

CARBOHYDRATES Flashcards

(65 cards)

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1
Q

Most abundant molecule in earth

A

Carbohydrates

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2
Q

Empirical Formula of Carbohydrates

A

CH20

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3
Q

Meaning of Saccharides

A

Sugar

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4
Q

Photosynthesis Process

A

CO2 + H20 = C6H12O6 + O2

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5
Q

Main Source of Energy of the Body

A

Carbohydrates

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6
Q

Beneficial Bacteria that can be found in the gut

A

Normal Flora

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7
Q

Sole source of energy for brain and proper functioning of tissue

A

Glucose

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8
Q

Making Sugar

A

Photosynthesis

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9
Q

Covalent bond that are formed between a carbohydrate molecule

A

Glycosidic Bond

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10
Q

Occurs in tissue such as the conversion of galactose in the liver to glucose

A

Epimerization

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11
Q

The conversion of Epimerization is catalyzed by

A

Enzyme Epimerase

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12
Q

Mirror Image

A

Chiral

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13
Q

Same Structure but differ in one component

A

Epimer

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14
Q

Same Molecular formula but differ in arrangement of atom

A

Isomer

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15
Q

Carbonyl group is at the end

A

Aldose

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16
Q

Carbonyl between H=C

A

Aldose

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17
Q

Carbonyl group is at any position

A

Ketose

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18
Q

Carbonyl group is between Carbon

A

Ketose

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19
Q

Full of Oxygen

A

Ose

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20
Q

Sugar are oxidized by fehling’s, benedict’s, and tollen’s reagent

A

Reducing Sugars

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21
Q

Sugar are not oxidized by tollen’s and other reagents

A

Non-Reducing Sugars

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22
Q

Greek Word of Saccharides

A

Sakkharon

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23
Q

Most Common Monosaccharides

A

Glucose

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24
Q

Other term for Monosaccharides

A

Simple Sugars

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25
How many atoms does Monosaccharides have?
3-7 (5-6) Carbon atoms
26
1 unit of sugar
Monosaccharides
27
Most common monosaccharides
Glucose
28
Formula of Glucose, Fructose, and Galactose
C6H1206
29
Other term for glucose
Blood Sugar/Dextrose
30
Fruit sugar
Fructose
31
Sweetest of simple sugar
Fructose
32
Part of lactose or product of lactose breakdown
Galactose
33
Enzyme for breaking down lactose
Lactase
34
Has 2-10 atoms
Oligosaccharides
35
Compose of short chains of monosaccharides
Oligosaccharides
36
Double Sugar
Disaccharides
37
Most abundant with two unit of mono
Disaccharides
38
Process for disaccharides which two unit of mono joined together
Dehydration Synthesis
39
Table Sugar
Sucrose
40
Glucose + Fructose
Sucrose
41
Malt Sugar
Maltose
42
Two Glucose
Maltose
43
Milk Sugar
Lactose
44
Glucose + Galactose
Lactose
45
Composed of many molecules of sugar
Polysaccharides
46
Can be found in ground vegetable such as Kamote
Starch
47
Can be found in the cell of plants
Cellulose
48
Breaks down of polysaccharides
CaZy
49
Not readily absorbed by the blood
Polysaccharides
50
Lowers blood glucose level
Cellulose
51
Store energy for Animal
Glycogen
52
Store Carbohydrates in Plant
Starch
53
Supply energy for longer period
Starch and Glycogen
54
Complex carbs with same structure and function
Starch and Glycogen
55
Sugar that is water insoluble
Starch
56
Formed from breaks down of Starch
Dextrin
57
Obtain by heating or use of acid
Dextrin
58
Mainly used as adhesive and thickening agent
Dextrin
59
Fiber in plant
Pectin
60
Indigestible sugar that can be found in agar, pectin, woody fiber
Hemicellulose
61
Provides test for renal function
Inulin
62
Considered as Prebiotic Fiber
Inulin
63
Fermented by bacteria that is normalise in colon
Inulin
64
Dietary Fiber
Cellulose, Hemicellulose, Pectin, Inulin
65
Function of Carbohydrate
Main source of energy for our body. Protein-sparing function Necessary for normal fat metabolism Cellulose stimulates peristaltic movement of our gastrointestinal tract and adds “bulk” in our stool Lactose promotes the growth of beneficial bacteria, causing laxative action. Glucose is the sole source of energy in our brain and proper functioning of our tissues. Certain products of carbohydrate metabolism act as catalyst.

biochemistry: carbohydrates (1 decks)

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