Carbohydrates Flashcards
(15 cards)
What is a monosaccharide?
a carbohydrate that is made up of one sugar unit
What is a disaccharide?
a carbohydrate that is made up of 2 sugar units
How is a disaccharide formed?
they can be formed by triggering a condensation reaction between 2 monosaccharides
What forms after a condensation reaction?
a glycosidic bond
What is lost in a condensation reaction?
water is lost (H2O)
What is a triglyceride?
a carbohydrate that is made up of 3 or more sugar units
Examples of monosaccharides
alpha glucose, beta glucose, fructose, and galactose
examples of a disaccharide
sucrose, maltose, lactose
what makes up sucrose?
alpha glucose and fructose
what makes up maltose
alpha glucose and alpha glucose
what makes up lactose
beta glucose and galactose
examples of polysaccharides
amylose and amylopectin
what are the differences between amylose amylopectin
Amylose: has 1-4 bonds between adjacent glucose molecules, forming a spiral chain
Amylopectin: also has the 1-4 bonds, but also contains the 1-6 bonds that cause amylopectin to have branches
what elements make up a carbohydrate?
Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), and Oxygen (O)
What is the general formula for carbohydrates
Cx(H2O)n
