Carbohydrates Flashcards
(21 cards)
Proteins, nucleic acids and som carbohydrates all share of property in common with one another they are ______
Polymers
what is a polymer made out of
chains of small molecular subunits called monomers
Made out of monomers that are linked together 
Polymers
A chemical reaction used to link monomers into polymers. this is where water is removed, and the new covalent bond forms between two monomers.
dehydration synthesis
This is a chemical reaction where water breaks the bond between monomers.
Hydrolysis
are the simplest of the four main types of organic compounds
Carbohydrates
The smallest carbohydrates that usually contain five or six carbon atoms
monosaccharides
examples of monosaccharides
ribose pentose sugar) glucose (blood sugar) and fructose (fruit sugar) 
Formed by dehydration, synthesis like glucose and fructose bond to form sucrose
disaccharides
our long chains of monosaccharides 
Polysaccharides
examples of polysaccharides
Cellulose (plant cell walls), chitin (fungi cell wall and exoskeletons of insects) starch (plants), glycogen (animal and fungal cells)
Consists of 3 to 100 monomers
Oligosaccharides
What are chains of monosaccharides collectively called?
Complex carbohydrates
The storage polysaccharide found in plants is called _______, while animals in fungal store, energy in the polysaccharide called _________
Starch;glycogen
cellulose starch, and glycogen are long chains of the monomer
Glucose
functional group
Carboxyl, hydroxyl, phosphate groups, and amino
Glucose and fructose are examples of
Monosaccharides
One of the four most abundant types of organic molecules in organisms, and consist of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, often in a proportion of 1:2:1. These organic molecules include monosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Carbohydrates
sucrose and lactose are examples of
Disaccharides
monosaccharides contain
Five or six carbon atoms
The most common organic compound in nature and strengthens the cell walls of plants
Cellulose
