Carbohydrates

Question 1

Is the form of carbohydrates found in circulating blood (blood sugar) and is the primary carbohydrate
used by the body for energy production

Answer 1

glucose

Question 2

Site of digestive tract fermentation in rabbit

Answer 2

cecal

Question 3

Site of digestive tract fermentation in elephant

Answer 3

Ceco-colonic

Question 4

Site of digestive tract fermentation in horse

Answer 4

colonic

Question 5

Site of digestive tract fermentation in cattle

Answer 5

Fore-gut

Question 6

Site of digestive tract fermentation in sheep

Answer 6

Fore-gut

Question 7

Are often referred to as simple sugars (e.g., glucose) and cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler compounds.

Answer 7

monosaccharides

Question 8

It produces energy in a reverse process to that of photosynthesis in plants

Answer 8

animal metabolism

Question 9

The major site of digestion and absorption in monogastric animals

Answer 9

small intestine

Question 10

Classification of carbohydrates with three to fifteen monosaccharides

Answer 10

oligosaccharides

Question 11

Functions are to serve as a portal or storage of consumed feed and initiate the breakdown of nutrients

Answer 11

Stomach

Question 12

Is found along with disaccharide lactose in mammalian milk and is released during digestion

Answer 12

Galactose

Question 13

Are made up of two monosaccharides bonded together by a glycosidic (covalent) bond

Answer 13

Disaccharides

Question 14

Helps in bolus formation and softening of feed, as well as antibacterial action

Answer 14

Saliva

Question 15

Cannot digest cellulose because they do not produce the cellulase enzyme that can split B-D-Glucose

Answer 15

Monogastric Animals

Question 16

Classification of carbohydrates with large polymers of simple sugars

Answer 16

Polysaccharides

Question 17

Plays a role in detoxification of different metabolites as well as storage of many vitamins and minerals, is the largest gland and is a central organ in nutrient digestion and assimilation

Answer 17

Liver

Question 18

Are small finger-like projections lining the intestinal mucosa and giving it a velvety appearance, the purpose of these anatomical features is to enhance surface area and thereby absorptive capability

Answer 18

Villi

Question 19

Are made by bonding together three or more (3 to 15) monosaccharides bonded together.

Answer 19

Oligosaccharide

Question 20

Principal sugar form of carbohydrate in cereal grains (seed energy storage). The basic unit is a-D-Glucose

Answer 20

Starch

Question 21

The most important carbohydrate in animal feed, composed of many single monosaccharide units linked
together in long, complex chains

Answer 21

Polysaccharide

Question 21

Is the simplest of the polysaccharides, being composed solely of glucose units joined in an alpha 1,4 linkage

Answer 21

Amylose

Question 21

Is the major form of starch in plant cells

Answer 21

Amylopectin

Question 22

is found in ripened fruits and honey and is also formed by digestion of disaccharide sucrose

Answer 22

Fructose

Question 23

Differs in how the glucose units are joined together. Alpha 1,4 linkages predominate, but a "branch arises froman alpha 1,6 linkage

Answer 23

Amylopectin

Question 23

Is the largest compartment of stomach in ruminant, occupying the left side of the abdominal cavity. Act as a fermentation vat and is subdivided into sacs by thick muscular boundaries known as pillars.

Answer 23

Rumen

Question 24

A form of starch found in animal tissue and is hence called animal starch of pentose and hexose units)

Answer 24

Glycogen

Question 25

Is decarboxylated and the 2 H ions are picked up by NAD+ and thus it provides two moles of NAD

Answer 25

Pyruvic Acid

Question 25

A component of plant cell walls with a mix of 5 C and 6 C sugars (e.g., hemicellulose and pectin, a mixtu each mole of glucose (net = 6 ATP produced)

Answer 25

Heteropolysaccharide

Question 26

s the most abundant carbohydrate in nature. It provides structural in unit is B 1,4 linkage, straight chain, nonbranching

Answer 26

Cellulose

Question 27

Also called the honeycomb because it is lined with a mucous membrane that subdivides the surface into honeycomb-like compartments

Answer 27

Reticulum

Question 28

Who discovered Krebs Cycle

Answer 28

Hans Krebs

Question 29

Includes a series of enzyme-catalyzed chemical reactions that occur in the matrix of the mitochondria, also serves as a source of precursors for storage forms of fuels (lipids) and building blocks, such as amino acids, in the animal body.

Answer 29

Krebs' Cycle

Question 30

The site where the digestive enzymes are first released in ruminants

Answer 30

Abomasum

Question 31

Are produced in large amounts through ruminal fermentation and are of great importance in that they provide greater than 70% of the ruminant's energy supply

Answer 31

Volatile Fatty acids

Question 32

A part of the digestive tract of birds that is often referred to as the mechanical stomach

Answer 32

Gizzard

Question 33

Utilized minimally in the liver and is oxidized throughout most of the body to generate ATP

Answer 33

Acetic acid

Question 34

Is almost completely removed from portal blood by the liver, is converted to succinyl CoA, and it enters the TCA cycle

Answer 34

Propionic Acid