Carbohydrates Flashcards
(13 cards)
Define monosaccharide.
A simple sugar with a single carbonyl group and multiple hydroxy groups.
Give an example of a monosaccharide.
Glucose.
Define disaccharide.
A carbohydrate formed by condensation of two monosaccharides.
Give an example of a disaccharide.
Sucrose.
Define polysaccharide.
A long chain carbohydrate composed of many monosaccharide units.
Give an example of a polysaccharide.
Cellulose.
What is the reaction that forms a disaccharide from two monosaccharides?
Condensation reaction.
What is the byproduct of a condensation reaction?
Water.
What is the type of bond formed in a condensation reaction?
Glycosidic bond. alpha 1,4- or beta1,4.
What makes a monosaccharide alpha or beta?
OH on the right above the ring = beta. Below = alpha.
What makes a sugar reducing?
Has a free anomeric carbon.
What makes a sugar non reducing?
No anomeric carbon, can’t open to form an aldehyde or ketone.
